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巴比倫王攻陷耶路撒冷

猶大王約雅敬在位第三年,巴比倫王尼布甲尼撒來到耶路撒冷,把城圍困。 主把猶大王約雅敬和神殿中的一部分器物交在尼布甲尼撒手裡,他就把這些器物帶到示拿地的神廟那裡,存放在廟中的寶庫裡。

但以理與三友被選入宮

王吩咐他的太監長亞施毘拿說:“你要從以色列人中,把一些王室的後裔和貴族帶進來; 這些年輕人必須沒有殘疾、英俊、足智多才、有高度學習能力、明察事理,而且他們必須有能力可以在王宮裡工作。你要教他們學習迦勒底的文學和語言。” 王指定每日給他們一份御用的佳餚美酒;又教養他們三年。期滿以後,他們就侍立在王面前。 他們中間有猶大人但以理、哈拿尼雅、米沙利、亞撒利雅。 太監長給他們起了新的名字,稱但以理為伯提沙撒,哈拿尼雅為沙得拉,米沙利為米煞,亞撒利雅為亞伯尼歌。

但以理決心不用王膳

但以理決心不讓御用的佳餚美酒玷污自己,所以求太監長幫助他,使他不用玷污自己。 於是 神使但以理在太監長面前得著恩惠和同情。 10 只是太監長對但以理說:“我懼怕我主我王,他已指定了你們應用的飲食;如果他見到你們的面色比你們同歲的年輕人憔悴難看,你們就使我的頭在王面前保不住了。” 11 後來但以理對太監長分派看管但以理、哈拿尼雅、米沙利、亞撒利雅的人說: 12 “請你試試僕人十天,容我們只吃素菜、喝清水。 13 然後,請你觀察我們的容貌,和那些享用王的佳餚的年輕人的容貌,就照著你觀察的結果,待你的僕人吧!”

吃素喝水健康更佳

14 看管他們的人就允准他們的這個要求,試試他們十天。 15 過了十天,見他們的容貌比所有享用王的佳餚的年輕人,更加俊美健壯。 16 看管他們的人就撤去指定給他們享用的佳餚美酒,讓他們吃素菜。

主賜知識聰明出眾超群

17 這四個年輕人在各種文字和學問上, 神都賜他們知識和聰明;但以理並且能明白一切異象和異夢。 18 到了王吩咐帶所有年輕人進宮的日子,太監長就領他們到尼布甲尼撒王面前。 19 王和他們談話,發現他們所有的人中,沒有一個比得上但以理、哈拿尼雅、米沙利、亞撒利雅的;他們四人就侍立在王面前。 20 王考問他們一切智慧和聰明的事,就發現他們比全國所有的術士和用法術的更勝十倍。 21 直到古列王元年,但以理還在。

하나님을 섬기는 다니엘과 그의 친구들

유다의 여호야김왕 3년에 바빌로니아의 느부갓네살왕이 예루살렘을 포위하였다.

여호와께서 여호야김왕을 그의 손에 넘겨 주셨으므로 그가 유다 왕을 포로로 잡아가면서 성전의 일부 기구들을 가지고 돌아가 [a]바빌론에 있는 자기 신전의 창고에 넣어 두었다.

느부갓네살왕은 [b]궁중 대신 아스부나스에게 명령하여 이스라엘의 포로 가운데 왕족과 귀족 출신으로

신체적인 결함이 없고 잘생겼으며 지능 지수가 높고 다방면의 지식을 가졌고 이해력이 빠르고 왕궁에서 섬길 자격이 있는 소년들을 데려오게 하여 그들에게 바빌로니아 말과 학문을 가르치게 하였다.

왕은 또 자기가 먹는 제일 맛있는 음식과 포도주 가운데서 날마다 그들에게 일정한 양을 공급하였으며 3년 동안의 수련 과정이 끝나면 왕 앞에서 섬길 수 있도록 하였다.

그 뽑힌 소년들 가운데는 다니엘과 하나냐와 미사엘과 아사랴가 있었는데 그들은 모두 유다 지파 사람들이었다.

궁중 대신은 그들의 이름을 바빌로니아식으로 다니엘은 벨드사살, 하나냐는 사드락, 미사엘은 메삭, 아사랴는 아벳느고로 각각 고쳤다.

다니엘은 왕의 음식과 포도주로 자신을 더럽히지 않겠다고 굳게 마음 먹고 궁중 대신에게 자기를 도와 달라고 간청하였다.

하나님은 다니엘에게 궁중 대신의 환심과 동정을 사게 하셨다.

10 그러나 궁중 대신은 왕을 두려워하여 다니엘에게 이렇게 말하였다. “왕이 너희 먹을 것과 마실 것을 지정하셨는데 만일 너희가 핼쑥하여 너희 얼굴이 다른 소년들보다 못하게 되면 왕이 나를 죽일지도 모른다.”

11 그래서 다니엘은 궁중 대신이 자기와 자기 친구 하나냐와 미사엘과 아사랴를 감독하게 한 사람에게 가서 이렇게 말하였다.

12 “우리를 10일 동안 시험해 보십시오. 우리에게 채소와 물만 주어 먹게 하고

13 그 후에 왕의 음식을 먹는 소년들과 비교하여 우리의 얼굴 모습을 보고 우리를 처분하십시오.”

14 그는 이 제의를 승낙하고 그들을 10일 동안 시험하였다.

15 그런데 10일 후에 그들은 왕의 음식을 먹는 다른 소년들보다 더 혈색이 좋고 건강하게 보였다.

16 그래서 그때부터 그는 왕이 지정한 포도주와 음식을 주지 않고 그들이 채식을 할 수 있도록 하였다.

17 하나님은 이 네 소년들에게 학문과 그 밖의 모든 것을 통달할 수 있는 지혜와 지식을 주셨으며 특별히 다니엘에게는 꿈과 환상을 해석할 수 있는 능력도 주셨다.

18 왕이 정한 3년 동안의 수련 과정이 끝나자 궁중 대신은 그들을 느부갓네살왕 앞으로 데리고 갔다.

19 왕이 그들과 대면하여 이야기해 보니 다니엘과 하나냐와 미사엘과 아사랴가 다른 소년들보다 우수하였다. 그래서 그들이 왕을 섬기는 자들이 되었는데

20 왕은 그들에게 무슨 문제를 물어도 그들의 지혜와 총명이 그 나라의 어떤 마술사나 점성가보다 열 배나 더 낫다는 것을 알게 되었다.

21 이렇게 해서 다니엘은 페르시아의 키루스황제 원년까지 그 곳 왕궁에 머물러 있었다.

Footnotes

  1. 1:2 히 ‘시날 땅’
  2. 1:3 또는 ‘환관장’

Daniel’s Training in Babylon

In the third year of the reign of Jehoiakim(A) king of Judah, Nebuchadnezzar(B) king of Babylon(C) came to Jerusalem and besieged it.(D) And the Lord delivered Jehoiakim king of Judah into his hand, along with some of the articles from the temple of God. These he carried(E) off to the temple of his god in Babylonia[a] and put in the treasure house of his god.(F)

Then the king ordered Ashpenaz, chief of his court officials, to bring into the king’s service some of the Israelites from the royal family and the nobility(G) young men without any physical defect, handsome,(H) showing aptitude for every kind of learning,(I) well informed, quick to understand, and qualified to serve in the king’s palace. He was to teach them the language(J) and literature of the Babylonians.[b] The king assigned them a daily amount of food and wine(K) from the king’s table.(L) They were to be trained for three years,(M) and after that they were to enter the king’s service.(N)

Among those who were chosen were some from Judah: Daniel,(O) Hananiah, Mishael and Azariah.(P) The chief official gave them new names: to Daniel, the name Belteshazzar;(Q) to Hananiah, Shadrach; to Mishael, Meshach; and to Azariah, Abednego.(R)

But Daniel resolved not to defile(S) himself with the royal food and wine, and he asked the chief official for permission not to defile himself this way. Now God had caused the official to show favor(T) and compassion(U) to Daniel, 10 but the official told Daniel, “I am afraid of my lord the king, who has assigned your[c] food and drink.(V) Why should he see you looking worse than the other young men your age? The king would then have my head because of you.”

11 Daniel then said to the guard whom the chief official had appointed over Daniel, Hananiah, Mishael and Azariah, 12 “Please test(W) your servants for ten days: Give us nothing but vegetables to eat and water to drink. 13 Then compare our appearance with that of the young men who eat the royal food, and treat your servants in accordance with what you see.”(X) 14 So he agreed to this and tested(Y) them for ten days.

15 At the end of the ten days they looked healthier and better nourished than any of the young men who ate the royal food.(Z) 16 So the guard took away their choice food and the wine they were to drink and gave them vegetables instead.(AA)

17 To these four young men God gave knowledge and understanding(AB) of all kinds of literature and learning.(AC) And Daniel could understand visions and dreams of all kinds.(AD)

18 At the end of the time(AE) set by the king to bring them into his service, the chief official presented them to Nebuchadnezzar. 19 The king talked with them, and he found none equal to Daniel, Hananiah, Mishael and Azariah; so they entered the king’s service.(AF) 20 In every matter of wisdom and understanding about which the king questioned them, he found them ten times better than all the magicians(AG) and enchanters in his whole kingdom.(AH)

21 And Daniel remained there until the first year of King Cyrus.(AI)

Footnotes

  1. Daniel 1:2 Hebrew Shinar
  2. Daniel 1:4 Or Chaldeans
  3. Daniel 1:10 The Hebrew for your and you in this verse is plural.

In the third year of the reign of Jehoiakim king of Judah came Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon unto Jerusalem, and besieged it.

And the Lord gave Jehoiakim king of Judah into his hand, with part of the vessels of the house of God: which he carried into the land of Shinar to the house of his god; and he brought the vessels into the treasure house of his god.

And the king spake unto Ashpenaz the master of his eunuchs, that he should bring certain of the children of Israel, and of the king's seed, and of the princes;

Children in whom was no blemish, but well favoured, and skilful in all wisdom, and cunning in knowledge, and understanding science, and such as had ability in them to stand in the king's palace, and whom they might teach the learning and the tongue of the Chaldeans.

And the king appointed them a daily provision of the king's meat, and of the wine which he drank: so nourishing them three years, that at the end thereof they might stand before the king.

Now among these were of the children of Judah, Daniel, Hananiah, Mishael, and Azariah:

Unto whom the prince of the eunuchs gave names: for he gave unto Daniel the name of Belteshazzar; and to Hananiah, of Shadrach; and to Mishael, of Meshach; and to Azariah, of Abednego.

But Daniel purposed in his heart that he would not defile himself with the portion of the king's meat, nor with the wine which he drank: therefore he requested of the prince of the eunuchs that he might not defile himself.

Now God had brought Daniel into favour and tender love with the prince of the eunuchs.

10 And the prince of the eunuchs said unto Daniel, I fear my lord the king, who hath appointed your meat and your drink: for why should he see your faces worse liking than the children which are of your sort? then shall ye make me endanger my head to the king.

11 Then said Daniel to Melzar, whom the prince of the eunuchs had set over Daniel, Hananiah, Mishael, and Azariah,

12 Prove thy servants, I beseech thee, ten days; and let them give us pulse to eat, and water to drink.

13 Then let our countenances be looked upon before thee, and the countenance of the children that eat of the portion of the king's meat: and as thou seest, deal with thy servants.

14 So he consented to them in this matter, and proved them ten days.

15 And at the end of ten days their countenances appeared fairer and fatter in flesh than all the children which did eat the portion of the king's meat.

16 Thus Melzar took away the portion of their meat, and the wine that they should drink; and gave them pulse.

17 As for these four children, God gave them knowledge and skill in all learning and wisdom: and Daniel had understanding in all visions and dreams.

18 Now at the end of the days that the king had said he should bring them in, then the prince of the eunuchs brought them in before Nebuchadnezzar.

19 And the king communed with them; and among them all was found none like Daniel, Hananiah, Mishael, and Azariah: therefore stood they before the king.

20 And in all matters of wisdom and understanding, that the king enquired of them, he found them ten times better than all the magicians and astrologers that were in all his realm.

21 And Daniel continued even unto the first year of king Cyrus.

Daniels fångenskap i Babel

(A) I Juda kung Jojakims tredje regeringsår[a] kom Babels kung Nebukadnessar[b] mot Jerusalem. Han belägrade staden, (B) och Herren gav Juda kung Jojakim i hans hand liksom en del av kärlen i Guds tempel. Nebukadnessar förde dem till sin guds hus[c] i Shinars land och satte kärlen i sin guds skattkammare.

(C) Kungen befallde sin förste hovmarskalk Ashpenas att hämta några av Israels barn från kungaätten[d] eller av förnäm börd, unga män utan defekter som såg bra ut. De skulle kunna tillägna sig all slags lärdom, vara kloka, ha lätt för att lära och vara dugliga att tjäna i kungens palats. De skulle få undervisning i kaldeernas litteratur och språk[e]. Kungen bestämde åt dem en daglig tilldelning av kungens egen mat och av vinet som han själv drack. De skulle läras upp i tre år och därefter tjänstgöra[f] hos kungen.

(D) Bland dem var Daniel, Hananja, Mishael och Asarja av Juda stam. (E) Men förste hovmarskalken gav dem andra namn. Daniel kallade han Belteshassar, Hananja Shadrak, Mishael Meshak och Asarja[g] Abed-Nego.

Men Daniel bestämde sig i sitt hjärta för att inte orena sig med kungens mat eller med vinet som han drack, och han bad förste hovmarskalken att han inte skulle behöva orena sig. (F) Gud lät Daniel finna nåd och barmhärtighet hos förste hovmarskalken, 10 men han sade till Daniel: ”Jag är rädd att min herre kungen, som har bestämt vad ni ska äta och dricka, ska finna att ni är magrare än era jämnåriga bland de unga männen. Då drar ni skuld över mig inför kungen.”

11 Då sade Daniel till hovmästaren[h] som förste hovmarskalken satt över Daniel, Hananja, Mishael och Asarja: 12 (G) ”Gör ett försök med dina tjänare i tio dagar. Låt oss få äta grönsaker[i] och dricka vatten. 13 Jämför oss sedan med de unga män som har ätit av kungens mat, och gör med dina tjänare efter vad du då ser.”

14 Han lyssnade till deras begäran och gjorde ett försök med dem i tio dagar. 15 Efter de tio dagarna visade det sig att de såg bättre ut och var mer välnärda än alla de unga män som åt av kungens mat. 16 Då tog hovmästaren bort maten de skulle ha fått och vinet de skulle ha druckit och gav dem grönsaker i stället.

17 (H) Åt dessa fyra unga män gav Gud kunskap och insikt i all slags skrift och vishet, och Daniel förstod alla slags syner och drömmar. 18 När tiden var inne då kungen bestämt att de skulle hämtas, fördes de av förste hovmarskalken inför Nebukadnessar. 19 Kungen talade med dem, och det fanns ingen bland dem alla som kunde jämföras med Daniel, Hananja, Mishael och Asarja. De fick därför tjänstgöra hos kungen. 20 (I) Han fann att de i allt som krävde vishet och förstånd var tio gånger klokare än alla de spåmän och besvärjare som fanns i hela hans rike.

21 (J) Och Daniel blev kvar där ända till kung Koreshs första regeringsår.[j]

Footnotes

  1. 1:1 Jojakims tredje regeringsår   År 605 f Kr. Denna sommar kom Nebukadnessar, efter sin seger vid Karkemish (Jer 46:2), och samlade tribut från Israel och dess grannfolk (2 Kung 24:1).
  2. 1:1 Nebukadnessar   Regerade 605-562 f Kr och byggde upp Babel till en stormakt och världsstad (4:27).
  3. 1:2 sin guds hus   Troligen templet Esagila med den 90 meter höga pyramiden Etemenanki, tillägnad Babels skyddsgud Marduk. Här samlade babylonierna gudabilder från sina erövrade folk.
  4. 1:3 hämta … från kungaätten   Babel tog ofta gisslan för att säkerställa ett erövrat folks lydnad.
  5. 1:4 kaldeernas ... språk   Arameiska, det internationella språket (Jes 36:11), besläktat med hebreiskan.
  6. 1:4f läras upp … tjänstgöra   Babylonierna assimilerade sina erövrade folk (jfr vers 7) genom att omskola deras ledande skikt (se 2 Kung 24:14). Tre år var en tjänstemans normala utbildning.
  7. 1:7 Hananja ... Mishael ... Asarja   Betyder ”Herren är barmhärtig”, ”vem är som Gud” och ”Herren hjälper”. De nya namnen knyter an till Babels avgudar Bel, Aku och Nebo.
  8. 1:11 hovmästaren   Annan översättning: ”övervakaren” (även i vers 16).
  9. 1:12 grönsaker   Hebr. zeroím leder tanken till frön eller gryn. Enklare folk i kungens tjänst kunde få sin lön i korn och olja.
  10. 1:21 kung Koreshs första regeringsår   År 539 f Kr (jfr 6:28, Esra 1:1).