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There is an evil which I saw under the Sun, and it is much among men:

a man to whom God has given riches and treasures and honor, and he lacks nothing for his soul of all that he desires. But God does not give him power to eat of them, but a strange man eats them up. This is vanity. And this is an evil sickness.

If a man begets a hundred children and lives many years, and the days of his years are multiplied, and his soul is not satisfied with good things, and he is not buried, I say that a miscarriage is better than he.

For he comes into vanity and goes into darkness. And his name shall be covered with darkness.

Also he has neither seen the Sun nor known it. This has more rest than the other,

even if he had lived a thousand years, twice, and still had seen no good. Shall not all go to one place?

All the labor of man is for his mouth. Yet the soul is not filled.

For what more has the wise man than the fool? What has the poor who knows how to walk before the living?

The sight of the eye is better than to walk in lusts. This also is vanity and grasping at the wind.

10 Whatever has been is now named. And it is known that it is man. And he cannot strive with him who is stronger than he.

我看见日光之下有一件可悲的事,重重地压在人身上: 上帝赐给人财富和尊荣,叫他拥有所渴望的一切,却使他无法享用,倒让别人享用。这是虚空,是极大的悲哀。 人若有一百个儿子,并且长寿,但心中却从未得到满足,死后又不得安葬。唉!这样的人还不如流产的胎儿。 这胎儿在虚空中来,在黑暗中去,名字隐没在黑暗中, 没有见过天日,一无所知,然而这胎儿比那人更享安息。 就算那人活了千年,又活千年,却不能享受福乐,又如何呢?世人最终岂不都同归一处吗? 人人为口腹劳碌,却永不满足。 那么,智者比愚人有什么优势呢?贫穷人即使懂得如何处世,又有什么益处呢? 满足于眼前所有的,胜过心中贪想的。这也是虚空,如同捕风。 10 一切存在的事物都已有了名字,人的本质也被识透了;人无法与比他更强的较量。 11 其实话越多,越虚空,这对人又有什么益处? 12 人生短暂虚空,如影飞逝,有谁知道什么对人有益?谁能告诉人死后日光之下会发生什么事?

I have seen another evil under the sun, and it weighs heavily on mankind: God gives some people wealth, possessions and honor, so that they lack nothing their hearts desire, but God does not grant them the ability to enjoy them,(A) and strangers enjoy them instead. This is meaningless, a grievous evil.(B)

A man may have a hundred children and live many years; yet no matter how long he lives, if he cannot enjoy his prosperity and does not receive proper burial, I say that a stillborn(C) child is better off than he.(D) It comes without meaning, it departs in darkness, and in darkness its name is shrouded. Though it never saw the sun or knew anything, it has more rest than does that man— even if he lives a thousand years twice over but fails to enjoy his prosperity. Do not all go to the same place?(E)

Everyone’s toil is for their mouth,
    yet their appetite is never satisfied.(F)
What advantage have the wise over fools?(G)
What do the poor gain
    by knowing how to conduct themselves before others?
Better what the eye sees
    than the roving of the appetite.
This too is meaningless,
    a chasing after the wind.(H)

10 Whatever exists has already been named,(I)
    and what humanity is has been known;
no one can contend
    with someone who is stronger.
11 The more the words,
    the less the meaning,
    and how does that profit anyone?

12 For who knows what is good for a person in life, during the few and meaningless days(J) they pass through like a shadow?(K) Who can tell them what will happen under the sun after they are gone?