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君王獻祭的條例

46 主耶和華這樣說:“內院朝東的門,在工作的六天裡,必須關閉,在安息日卻要打開,在月朔之日也要打開。 君王要從外面經這門的門廊進入,站在門框旁邊。祭司們要為他預備燔祭和平安祭。他要在門檻那裡敬拜,然後出去。這門不可關閉,直到晚上。 每逢安息日和月朔,國中的人民要在這門口,在耶和華面前敬拜。 君王在安息日所獻給耶和華的燔祭,是六隻無殘疾的羊羔和一隻無殘疾的公綿羊。 所獻的素祭是這樣:公綿羊要與十七公升細麵一同獻上,他要按著自己的能力,隨同那些羊羔獻上若干份細麵,但每份細麵加油三公升。 他要在月朔獻一頭無殘疾的公牛犢、六隻羊羔和一隻公綿羊,都是無殘疾的。 他要預備素祭,公牛要與十七公升細麵一同獻上,公綿羊要與十七公升細麵一同獻上,他要按著自己的能力,隨同那些羊羔獻上若干份細麵,但每份細麵加油三公升。 君王進入的時候,要經這門的門廊進入,也要從原路出去。

人民獻祭的條例

“在各指定的節日中,國中的人民來朝見耶和華的時候,那從北門進來敬拜的,要從南門出去;那從南門進來的,要從北門出去;誰也不可從他進來的門回去,卻要從對面的門出去。 10 君王要在人民當中,人民進入的時候,他也進入;人民出去的時候,他也出去。 11 在節期和指定的節日中,所獻的素祭是這樣:每一頭公牛要與十七公升細麵一同獻上,每一隻公綿羊要與十七公升細麵一同獻上,每一隻羊羔要按著他的能力,與細麵一同獻上,每份十七公升的細麵加油三公升。 12 君王把甘心獻的燔祭或平安祭獻給耶和華的時候,朝東的門要為他打開。他就獻上他的燔祭和平安祭,正如他在安息日所獻上的一樣。他獻完了就出去;他出去以後,門就要關上。

13 “每天你要預備一隻一歲無殘疾的羊羔,獻給耶和華作燔祭,每天早晨都要獻上。 14 每天早晨也要預備同獻的素祭,細麵兩公斤,並調和細麵所用的油一公升,作常獻給耶和華的素祭,這是永遠的定例。 15 所以每天早晨要這樣預備羊羔、素祭和油,作常獻的燔祭。”

王子承受產業的條例

16 主耶和華這樣說:“君王如果把自己一部分的產業作禮物賜給他的一個兒子,這產業就要歸給他的子孫;那是他們所承受的基業。 17 君王如把自己的一部分產業作禮物賜給他的一個臣僕,這產業就要歸給那臣僕直到自由之年,然後要歸還給君王。君王的產業,至終只可歸兒子所有。 18 君王不可奪取人民的產業,把他們趕離他們的基業。他要從自己的基業中把產業賜給自己的兒子,免得我的子民因被趕離自己的基業而四散。”

祭司煮祭肉的地方

19 那帶領我的,領我從門旁的入口,進到那些朝向北面,供祭司使用,聖潔的房子。在西邊的盡頭有一塊地方。 20 他對我說:“這就是祭司煮贖愆祭牲和贖罪祭牲,以及烤素祭的地方,免得祭物帶出外院,使人民成聖。” 21 他又領我出到外院,使我經過院子的四個角落;院子的每個角落都有一個小院子。 22 院子四個角落的小(“小”字原文不詳)院子,每個長二十公尺,寬十五公尺;四個角落的院子,大小都是一樣。 23 在四個小院子裡面,每個四邊都有一排石牆;在這四排石牆下面,都有爐灶。 24 他對我說:“這些都是廚房,在聖殿裡供職的要在這裡煮人民的祭物。”

The Prince and the Festivals

46 The Sovereign Lord says, “The east gateway to the inner courtyard must be kept closed during the six working days, but it is to be opened on the Sabbath and at the New Moon Festival. The ruling prince will go from the outer courtyard into the entrance room of the gateway and stand beside the posts of the gate while the priests burn his sacrifices whole and offer his fellowship offerings. There at the gate he must worship and then go back out. The gate must not be shut until evening. Each Sabbath and each New Moon Festival all the people are also to bow down and worship the Lord in front of the gate. On the Sabbath the prince is to bring to the Lord, as sacrifices to be burned whole, six lambs and one ram, all without any defects. With each ram he is to bring an offering of half a bushel of grain, and with each lamb he is to bring whatever he wants to give. For each half-bushel of grain offering he is to bring three quarts of olive oil. At the New Moon Festival he will offer a young bull, six lambs, and a ram, all without any defects. With each bull and each ram the offering is to be half a bushel of grain, and with each lamb the offering is to be whatever the prince wants to give. Three quarts of olive oil are to be offered with each half-bushel of grain. The prince must leave the entrance room of the gateway and go out by the same way he went in.

“When the people come to worship the Lord at any festival, those who enter by the north gate are to leave by the south gate after they have worshiped, and those who enter by the south gate are to leave by the north gate. No one may go out by the same way he entered, but must leave by the opposite gate. 10 The prince is to come in when the people come, and leave when they leave. 11 On the feast days and at the festivals the grain offering will be half a bushel with each bull or ram, and whatever the worshiper wants to give with each lamb. Three quarts of olive oil are to be offered with each half-bushel of grain.

12 “When the ruling prince wants to make a voluntary offering to the Lord, either an offering to be burned whole or a fellowship offering, the east gate to the inner courtyard will be opened for him. He is to make the offering in the same way he does on the Sabbath, and the gate is to be closed after he goes back out.”

The Daily Offering

13 The Lord says, “Every morning a one-year-old lamb without any defects is to be burned whole as an offering to the Lord. This offering must be made every day. 14 Also an offering of five pounds of flour is to be made every morning, along with one quart of olive oil for mixing with the flour. The rules for this offering to the Lord are to be in force forever. 15 The lamb, the flour, and the olive oil are to be offered to the Lord every morning forever.”

The Prince and the Land

16 The Sovereign Lord commands: “If the ruling prince gives any of the land he owns to one of his sons as a present, it will belong to that son as a part of his family property. 17 (A)But if the ruling prince gives any of his land to anyone who is in his service, it will become the prince's property again when the Year of Restoration[a] comes. It belongs to him, and only he and his sons can own it permanently. 18 The ruling prince must not take any of the people's property away from them. Any land he gives to his sons must be from the land that is assigned to him, so that he will not oppress any of my people by taking their land.”

The Temple Kitchens

19 Then the man took me to the entrance of the rooms facing north near the gate on the south side of the inner courtyard. These are holy rooms for the priests. He pointed out a place on the west side of the rooms 20 and said, “This is the place where the priests are to boil the meat offered as sacrifices for sin or as repayment offerings, and to bake the offerings of flour, so that nothing holy is carried to the outer courtyard, where it might harm the people.”[b]

21-22 Then he led me to the outer courtyard and showed me that in each of its four corners there was a smaller[c] courtyard, 68 feet long and 48 feet wide. 23 Each one had a stone wall around it, with fireplaces built against the wall. 24 The man told me, “These are the kitchens where the Temple servants are to boil the sacrifices the people offer.”

Footnotes

  1. Ezekiel 46:17 Every fifty years, all Israelites were required to give freedom to any Israelites who had become slaves because of debts; they were also to give back to the original owner, or his heirs, any ancestral land that had been sold for debt (see Lv 25.8-55).
  2. Ezekiel 46:20 See 44.19.
  3. Ezekiel 46:21 One ancient translation smaller; Hebrew enclosed.

46 “‘This is what the Sovereign Lord says: The gate of the inner court(A) facing east(B) is to be shut on the six working days, but on the Sabbath day and on the day of the New Moon(C) it is to be opened. The prince is to enter from the outside through the portico(D) of the gateway and stand by the gatepost. The priests are to sacrifice his burnt offering(E) and his fellowship offerings. He is to bow down in worship at the threshold of the gateway and then go out, but the gate will not be shut until evening.(F) On the Sabbaths(G) and New Moons the people of the land are to worship in the presence of the Lord at the entrance of that gateway.(H) The burnt offering the prince brings to the Lord on the Sabbath day is to be six male lambs and a ram, all without defect. The grain offering given with the ram is to be an ephah,[a] and the grain offering with the lambs is to be as much as he pleases, along with a hin[b] of olive oil for each ephah.(I) On the day of the New Moon(J) he is to offer a young bull, six lambs and a ram, all without defect.(K) He is to provide as a grain offering one ephah with the bull, one ephah with the ram, and with the lambs as much as he wants to give, along with a hin of oil for each ephah.(L) When the prince enters, he is to go in through the portico(M) of the gateway, and he is to come out the same way.(N)

“‘When the people of the land come before the Lord at the appointed festivals,(O) whoever enters by the north gate to worship is to go out the south gate; and whoever enters by the south gate is to go out the north gate. No one is to return through the gate by which they entered, but each is to go out the opposite gate. 10 The prince is to be among them, going in when they go in and going out when they go out.(P) 11 At the feasts and the appointed festivals, the grain offering is to be an ephah with a bull, an ephah with a ram, and with the lambs as much as he pleases, along with a hin of oil for each ephah.(Q)

12 “‘When the prince provides(R) a freewill offering(S) to the Lord—whether a burnt offering or fellowship offerings—the gate facing east is to be opened for him. He shall offer his burnt offering or his fellowship offerings as he does on the Sabbath day. Then he shall go out, and after he has gone out, the gate will be shut.(T)

13 “‘Every day you are to provide a year-old lamb without defect for a burnt offering to the Lord; morning by morning(U) you shall provide it.(V) 14 You are also to provide with it morning by morning a grain offering, consisting of a sixth of an ephah[c] with a third of a hin[d] of oil(W) to moisten the flour. The presenting of this grain offering to the Lord is a lasting ordinance.(X) 15 So the lamb and the grain offering and the oil shall be provided morning by morning for a regular(Y) burnt offering.(Z)

16 “‘This is what the Sovereign Lord says: If the prince makes a gift from his inheritance to one of his sons, it will also belong to his descendants; it is to be their property by inheritance.(AA) 17 If, however, he makes a gift from his inheritance to one of his servants, the servant may keep it until the year of freedom;(AB) then it will revert to the prince. His inheritance belongs to his sons only; it is theirs. 18 The prince must not take(AC) any of the inheritance(AD) of the people, driving them off their property. He is to give his sons their inheritance out of his own property, so that not one of my people will be separated from their property.’”

19 Then the man brought me through the entrance(AE) at the side of the gate to the sacred rooms facing north,(AF) which belonged to the priests, and showed me a place at the western end. 20 He said to me, “This is the place where the priests are to cook the guilt offering and the sin offering[e] and bake the grain offering, to avoid bringing them into the outer court and consecrating(AG) the people.”(AH)

21 He then brought me to the outer court and led me around to its four corners, and I saw in each corner another court. 22 In the four corners of the outer court were enclosed[f] courts, forty cubits long and thirty cubits wide;[g] each of the courts in the four corners was the same size. 23 Around the inside of each of the four courts was a ledge of stone, with places for fire built all around under the ledge. 24 He said to me, “These are the kitchens where those who minister at the temple are to cook the sacrifices of the people.”

Footnotes

  1. Ezekiel 46:5 That is, probably about 35 pounds or about 16 kilograms; also in verses 7 and 11
  2. Ezekiel 46:5 That is, about 1 gallon or about 3.8 liters; also in verses 7 and 11
  3. Ezekiel 46:14 That is, probably about 6 pounds or about 2.7 kilograms
  4. Ezekiel 46:14 That is, about 1 1/2 quarts or about 1.3 liters
  5. Ezekiel 46:20 Or purification offering
  6. Ezekiel 46:22 The meaning of the Hebrew for this word is uncertain.
  7. Ezekiel 46:22 That is, about 70 feet long and 53 feet wide or about 21 meters long and 16 meters wide

Miscellaneous Regulations

46 “Thus says the Lord God: The gate of the inner court that faces east shall be shut on the six working days; but on the sabbath day it shall be opened and on the day of the new moon it shall be opened. The prince shall enter by the vestibule of the gate from without, and shall take his stand by the post of the gate. The priests shall offer his burnt offering and his peace offerings, and he shall worship at the threshold of the gate. Then he shall go out, but the gate shall not be shut until evening. The people of the land shall worship at the entrance of that gate before the Lord on the sabbaths and on the new moons. The burnt offering that the prince offers to the Lord on the sabbath day shall be six lambs without blemish and a ram without blemish; and the cereal offering with the ram shall be an ephah, and the cereal offering with the lambs shall be as much as he is able, together with a hin of oil to each ephah. On the day of the new moon he shall offer a young bull without blemish, and six lambs and a ram, which shall be without blemish; as a cereal offering he shall provide an ephah with the bull and an ephah with the ram, and with the lambs as much as he is able, together with a hin of oil to each ephah. When the prince enters, he shall go in by the vestibule of the gate, and he shall go out by the same way.

“When the people of the land come before the Lord at the appointed feasts, he who enters by the north gate to worship shall go out by the south gate; and he who enters by the south gate shall go out by the north gate: no one shall return by way of the gate by which he entered, but each shall go out straight ahead. 10 When they go in, the prince shall go in with them; and when they go out, he shall go out.

11 “At the feasts and the appointed seasons the cereal offering with a young bull shall be an ephah, and with a ram an ephah, and with the lambs as much as one is able to give, together with a hin of oil to an ephah. 12 When the prince provides a freewill offering, either a burnt offering or peace offerings as a freewill offering to the Lord, the gate facing east shall be opened for him; and he shall offer his burnt offering or his peace offerings as he does on the sabbath day. Then he shall go out, and after he has gone out the gate shall be shut.

13 “He shall provide a lamb a year old without blemish for a burnt offering to the Lord daily; morning by morning he shall provide it. 14 And he shall provide a cereal offering with it morning by morning, one sixth of an ephah, and one third of a hin of oil to moisten the flour, as a cereal offering to the Lord; this is the ordinance for the continual burnt offering.[a] 15 Thus the lamb and the meal offering and the oil shall be provided, morning by morning, for a continual burnt offering.

16 “Thus says the Lord God: If the prince makes a gift to any of his sons out of[b] his inheritance, it shall belong to his sons, it is their property by inheritance. 17 But if he makes a gift out of his inheritance to one of his servants, it shall be his to the year of liberty; then it shall revert to the prince; only his sons may keep a gift from his inheritance. 18 The prince shall not take any of the inheritance of the people, thrusting them out of their property; he shall give his sons their inheritance out of his own property, so that none of my people shall be dispossessed of his property.”

19 Then he brought me through the entrance, which was at the side of the gate, to the north row of the holy chambers for the priests; and there I saw a place at the extreme western end of them. 20 And he said to me, “This is the place where the priests shall boil the guilt offering and the sin offering, and where they shall bake the cereal offering, in order not to bring them out into the outer court and so communicate holiness to the people.”

21 Then he brought me forth to the outer court, and led me to the four corners of the court; and in each corner of the court there was a court— 22 in the four corners of the court were small[c] courts, forty cubits long and thirty broad; the four were of the same size. 23 On the inside, around each of the four courts was a row of masonry, with hearths made at the bottom of the rows round about. 24 Then he said to me, “These are the kitchens where those who minister at the temple shall boil the sacrifices of the people.”

Footnotes

  1. Ezekiel 46:14 Cn: Heb perpetual ordinances continually
  2. Ezekiel 46:16 Gk: Heb it is his inheritance
  3. Ezekiel 46:22 Gk Syr Vg: The meaning of the Hebrew word is uncertain