Ézéchiel 4
La Bible du Semeur
L’annonce de la fin de Jérusalem et de Juda
La fin de Jérusalem
4 Et maintenant, fils d’homme, prends une brique[a], pose-la devant toi et grave dessus le dessin d’une ville : Jérusalem. 2 Ensuite, tu mettras le siège devant elle ; tu construiras contre elle des terrassements, tu élèveras contre elle des terrasses de siège, tu placeras des campements en face d’elle, et tu disposeras tout autour d’elle des machines de guerre. 3 Puis tu prendras une plaque de cuisson en fer, tu la disposeras comme un mur de fer entre toi et la ville, et tu tourneras ta face contre elle. La ville sera en état de siège, et c’est toi qui l’assiégeras. Tout cela devra servir de signe à la communauté d’Israël.
4 Couche-toi ensuite sur ton côté gauche ; étant sur ce côté, tu prendras sur toi le péché[b] de la communauté d’Israël. Tu porteras leur péché autant de jours que tu seras couché sur ce côté-là. 5 Je te fixe moi-même un nombre de jours équivalent au nombre d’années durant lesquelles le royaume d’Israël a péché, c’est-à-dire trois cent quatre-vingt-dix jours[c] ; ainsi, tu porteras le péché de la communauté d’Israël.
6 Après la fin de cette période, tu te coucheras cette fois sur le côté droit, et tu porteras le péché du royaume de Juda pendant quarante jours. Je t’impose un jour pour chaque année où il a péché. 7 Tu tourneras ta face et tu dirigeras ton bras nu contre Jérusalem assiégée et tu prophétiseras contre elle. 8 Je vais te lier avec des cordes pour que tu ne puisses pas te tourner d’un côté sur l’autre, jusqu’à ce que tu aies achevé ta période de siège.
9 Et maintenant, prends du blé, de l’orge, des fèves, des lentilles, du millet et de l’épeautre, mets le tout dans un même récipient et fais-en ta nourriture. C’est là ce que tu mangeras tout au long des trois cent quatre-vingt-dix jours[d] où tu seras couché sur le côté. 10 Ta ration journalière de nourriture sera de deux cent vingt grammes et tu en consommeras de temps en temps. 11 L’eau te sera mesurée à un litre par jour ; tu en boiras de temps en temps. 12 Tu prendras ta nourriture sous forme de galettes d’orge que tu cuiras devant tout le monde sur un feu alimenté avec des excréments humains.
13 Et l’Eternel ajouta : C’est ainsi que les Israélites mangeront leur pain impur, au milieu des peuples chez qui je les chasserai.
14 Je m’écriai : Ah ! Seigneur Eternel, depuis mon enfance jusqu’à ce jour, je ne me suis jamais rendu impur en mangeant d’une bête crevée ou déchirée par un fauve, et aucune viande impure n’a pénétré dans ma bouche[e].
15 Alors l’Eternel me dit : Je te concède de remplacer les excréments humains par de la bouse de vache pour faire cuire ta nourriture.
16 Il me dit encore : Fils d’homme, je vais supprimer toute réserve de pain dans Jérusalem. Ses habitants mangeront dans l’angoisse du pain strictement rationné et ils boiront dans la détresse de l’eau en quantité mesurée. 17 Ils manqueront de pain et d’eau, ils seront tous ensemble épouvantés et ils dépériront à cause de leur péché.
Footnotes
- 4.1 Les briques servaient aussi de tableau pour dessiner ou pour écrire. On y gravait des signes quand elles étaient molles et on les cuisait pour conserver l’écrit. On a retrouvé des milliers de telles briques gravées à Ninive et à Babylone.
- 4.4 Action symbolique du prophète (voir Nb 14.34).
- 4.5 Ces 390 jours pourraient représenter la période allant de l’infidélité de Salomon (suivie du schisme du royaume) à la destruction de Jérusalem, chiffre que l’on obtient en additionnant les années de règne indiquées par les livres des Rois. Les 40 jours du v. 6 pourraient représenter le long règne apostat de Manassé. Ces nombres pourraient aussi être symboliques. 40 représente le temps du jugement, le temps du désert (Nb 14.32-34 ; Ez 20.35-36) ; en additionnant 390 et 40, on obtient 430, c.-à-d. le temps de l’esclavage en Egypte (Ex 12.40) : une façon de dire que l’exil sera un nouveau désert et un nouvel esclavage. L’ancienne version grecque a 190 jours au v. 5. Cette version viserait la période s’écoulant de la déportation sous Tiglath-Piléser en 734 av. J.-C. (2 R 15.29) jusqu’à la prise de Jérusalem en 587 (148 ans, environ 150 ans). Les 40 ans en plus pour Juda – ce qui fait 190 en tout – correspondraient en gros à la période de l’exil de Juda à Babylone.
- 4.9 Voir v. 5 et note.
- 4.14 Voir Lv 17.15 ; Dt 14.21.
Ezekiel 4
Amplified Bible
Siege of Jerusalem Predicted
4 “Now you, son of man, take a brick, place it before you and inscribe on it [a diagram of] the city of Jerusalem. 2 Then lay siege against it, build a siege wall, raise a ramp against it; set up [enemy] camps and place battering rams all around it. 3 Further, take an iron plate and place it as an iron wall between you and the city, and set your face toward it so that it is under siege, and besiege it. This is a sign to the house of Israel.
4 “Then lie down on your left side (toward the north) to bear [symbolically] the wickedness and punishment of the [a]house of Israel. You shall bear their wickedness and punishment for the number of days that you lie on your side. 5 For I have assigned you the years of their wickedness and punishment, according to the number of the days, three hundred and ninety days [representing three hundred and ninety years]; in this way you shall bear [symbolically] the wickedness and punishment of the house of Israel. 6 When you have completed these [days for Israel], lie down again, but on your right side (toward the south), and you shall bear the wickedness and punishment of the [b]house of Judah forty days. I have assigned you one day for each year. 7 Then you shall set your face toward the siege of Jerusalem with your arm bared and prophesy against it. 8 Now behold, I will put ropes on you so that you cannot turn from one side to the other until you have completed the days of your siege.
Defiled Bread
9 “But as for you, take wheat, barley, beans, lentils, millet, and spelt, and put them into one vessel and make them into bread for yourself. You shall eat it according to the number of the days that you lie on your side, three hundred and ninety days. 10 The food you eat each day shall be [measured] by weight, [c]twenty shekels, to be eaten daily at a set time. 11 You shall drink water by measure also, [d]the sixth part of a hin; you shall drink daily at a set time. 12 You shall eat your food as barley cakes, having baked it in their sight over human dung.” 13 Then the Lord said, “Thus the children of Israel will eat their bread unclean and defiled among the nations where I will banish them.”(A) 14 But I said, “Ah, Lord God! Behold (hear me), I have never been defiled; for from my youth until now I have never eaten what died on its own or was torn by beasts, nor has any unclean meat ever entered my mouth.”(B) 15 Then He said to me, “See, I will let you use cow’s dung instead of human dung over which you shall prepare your food.” 16 Moreover, He said to me, “Son of man, behold (listen carefully), I am going to break the staff of bread [that supports life] in Jerusalem; and they shall eat bread [rationed] by weight and [eat it] with anxiety and fear, and drink water by measure and [drink it] in horror [of the impending starvation],(C) 17 because bread and water will be scarce; and they will look at one another in dismay and waste away [in punishment] for their wickedness.
Footnotes
- Ezekiel 4:4 I.e. the ten tribes of the Northern Kingdom.
- Ezekiel 4:6 I.e. the two tribes of the Southern Kingdom.
- Ezekiel 4:10 About a half pound.
- Ezekiel 4:11 About a quart.
Ezekiel 4
King James Version
4 Thou also, son of man, take thee a tile, and lay it before thee, and pourtray upon it the city, even Jerusalem:
2 And lay siege against it, and build a fort against it, and cast a mount against it; set the camp also against it, and set battering rams against it round about.
3 Moreover take thou unto thee an iron pan, and set it for a wall of iron between thee and the city: and set thy face against it, and it shall be besieged, and thou shalt lay siege against it. This shall be a sign to the house of Israel.
4 Lie thou also upon thy left side, and lay the iniquity of the house of Israel upon it: according to the number of the days that thou shalt lie upon it thou shalt bear their iniquity.
5 For I have laid upon thee the years of their iniquity, according to the number of the days, three hundred and ninety days: so shalt thou bear the iniquity of the house of Israel.
6 And when thou hast accomplished them, lie again on thy right side, and thou shalt bear the iniquity of the house of Judah forty days: I have appointed thee each day for a year.
7 Therefore thou shalt set thy face toward the siege of Jerusalem, and thine arm shall be uncovered, and thou shalt prophesy against it.
8 And, behold, I will lay bands upon thee, and thou shalt not turn thee from one side to another, till thou hast ended the days of thy siege.
9 Take thou also unto thee wheat, and barley, and beans, and lentiles, and millet, and fitches, and put them in one vessel, and make thee bread thereof, according to the number of the days that thou shalt lie upon thy side, three hundred and ninety days shalt thou eat thereof.
10 And thy meat which thou shalt eat shall be by weight, twenty shekels a day: from time to time shalt thou eat it.
11 Thou shalt drink also water by measure, the sixth part of an hin: from time to time shalt thou drink.
12 And thou shalt eat it as barley cakes, and thou shalt bake it with dung that cometh out of man, in their sight.
13 And the Lord said, Even thus shall the children of Israel eat their defiled bread among the Gentiles, whither I will drive them.
14 Then said I, Ah Lord God! behold, my soul hath not been polluted: for from my youth up even till now have I not eaten of that which dieth of itself, or is torn in pieces; neither came there abominable flesh into my mouth.
15 Then he said unto me, Lo, I have given thee cow's dung for man's dung, and thou shalt prepare thy bread therewith.
16 Moreover he said unto me, Son of man, behold, I will break the staff of bread in Jerusalem: and they shall eat bread by weight, and with care; and they shall drink water by measure, and with astonishment:
17 That they may want bread and water, and be astonied one with another, and consume away for their iniquity.
Ezekiel 4
New International Version
Siege of Jerusalem Symbolized
4 “Now, son of man, take a block of clay, put it in front of you and draw the city of Jerusalem on it. 2 Then lay siege to it: Erect siege works against it, build a ramp(A) up to it, set up camps against it and put battering rams around it.(B) 3 Then take an iron pan,(C) place it as an iron wall between you and the city and turn your face toward(D) it. It will be under siege, and you shall besiege it. This will be a sign(E) to the people of Israel.(F)
4 “Then lie on your left side and put the sin of the people of Israel upon yourself.[a] You are to bear their sin for the number of days you lie on your side. 5 I have assigned you the same number of days as the years of their sin. So for 390 days you will bear the sin of the people of Israel.
6 “After you have finished this, lie down again, this time on your right side, and bear the sin(G) of the people of Judah. I have assigned you 40 days, a day for each year.(H) 7 Turn your face(I) toward the siege of Jerusalem and with bared arm prophesy against her. 8 I will tie you up with ropes so that you cannot turn from one side to the other until you have finished the days of your siege.(J)
9 “Take wheat and barley, beans and lentils, millet and spelt;(K) put them in a storage jar and use them to make bread for yourself. You are to eat it during the 390 days you lie on your side. 10 Weigh out twenty shekels[b](L) of food to eat each day and eat it at set times. 11 Also measure out a sixth of a hin[c] of water and drink it at set times.(M) 12 Eat the food as you would a loaf of barley bread; bake it in the sight of the people, using human excrement(N) for fuel.” 13 The Lord said, “In this way the people of Israel will eat defiled food among the nations where I will drive them.”(O)
14 Then I said, “Not so, Sovereign Lord!(P) I have never defiled myself. From my youth until now I have never eaten anything found dead(Q) or torn by wild animals. No impure meat has ever entered my mouth.(R)”
15 “Very well,” he said, “I will let you bake your bread over cow dung instead of human excrement.”
16 He then said to me: “Son of man, I am about to cut off(S) the food supply in Jerusalem. The people will eat rationed food in anxiety and drink rationed water in despair,(T) 17 for food and water will be scarce.(U) They will be appalled at the sight of each other and will waste away because of[d] their sin.(V)
Footnotes
- Ezekiel 4:4 Or upon your side
- Ezekiel 4:10 That is, about 8 ounces or about 230 grams
- Ezekiel 4:11 That is, about 2/3 quart or about 0.6 liter
- Ezekiel 4:17 Or away in
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