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以二鹰二葡萄树为喻

17 耶和华的话临到我说: “人子啊,你要向以色列家出谜语,设比喻, 说:‘主耶和华如此说:有一大鹰,翅膀大,翎毛长,羽毛丰满,彩色俱备,来到黎巴嫩,将香柏树梢拧去, 就是折去香柏树尽尖的嫩枝,叼到贸易之地,放在买卖城中。 又将以色列地的枝子栽于肥田里,插在大水旁,如插柳树。 就渐渐生长,成为蔓延矮小的葡萄树,其枝转向那鹰,其根在鹰以下。于是成了葡萄树,生出枝子,发出小枝。

‘又有一大鹰,翅膀大,羽毛多。这葡萄树从栽种的畦中向这鹰弯过根来,发出枝子,好得它的浇灌。 这树栽于肥田多水的旁边,好生枝子,结果子,成为佳美的葡萄树。’ 你要说:‘主耶和华如此说:这葡萄树岂能发旺呢?鹰岂不拔出它的根来,芟除它的果子,使它枯干,使它发的嫩叶都枯干了吗?也不用大力和多民,就拔出它的根来。 10 葡萄树虽然栽种,岂能发旺呢?一经东风,岂不全然枯干吗?必在生长的畦中枯干了。’”

阐明喻义

11 耶和华的话临到我说: 12 “你对那悖逆之家说:‘你们不知道这些事是什么意思吗?’你要告诉他们说:‘巴比伦王曾到耶路撒冷,将其中的君王和首领带到巴比伦自己那里去。 13 以色列的宗室中取一人与他立约,使他发誓,并将国中有势力的人掳去, 14 使国低微不能自强,唯因守盟约得以存立。 15 他却背叛巴比伦王,打发使者往埃及去,要他们给他马匹和多民。他岂能亨通呢?行这样事的人岂能逃脱呢?他背约岂能逃脱呢? 16 他轻看向王所起的誓,背弃王与他所立的约,主耶和华说:我指着我的永生起誓,他定要死在立他做王巴比伦王的京都。 17 敌人筑垒造台,与他打仗的时候,为要剪除多人,法老虽领大军队和大群众,还是不能帮助他。 18 他轻看誓言,背弃盟约,已经投降却又做这一切的事,他必不能逃脱。 19 所以主耶和华如此说:我指着我的永生起誓:他既轻看指我所起的誓,背弃指我所立的约,我必要使这罪归在他头上。 20 我必将我的网撒在他身上,他必在我的网罗中缠住。我必带他到巴比伦,并要在那里因他干犯我的罪刑罚他。 21 他的一切军队,凡逃跑的都必倒在刀下,所剩下的也必分散四方[a],你们就知道说这话的是我耶和华。

以植香柏高枝为喻

22 ‘主耶和华如此说:我要将香柏树梢拧去栽上,就是从尽尖的嫩枝中折一嫩枝,栽于极高的山上。 23 以色列高处的山栽上,它就生枝子,结果子,成为佳美的香柏树,各类飞鸟都必宿在其下,就是宿在枝子的荫下。 24 田野的树木都必知道我耶和华使高树矮小,矮树高大,青树枯干,枯树发旺。我耶和华如此说,也如此行了。’”

犯罪者必死亡

18 耶和华的话又临到我说: “你们在以色列地怎么用这俗语说‘父亲吃了酸葡萄,儿子的牙酸倒了’呢? 主耶和华说:我指着我的永生起誓,你们在以色列中,必不再有用这俗语的因由。 看哪,世人都是属我的,为父的怎样属我,为子的也照样属我。犯罪的,他必死亡。

行义者得生存

“人若是公义,且行正直与合理的事, 未曾在山上吃过祭偶像之物,未曾仰望以色列家的偶像,未曾玷污邻舍的妻,未曾在妇人的经期内亲近她, 未曾亏负人,乃将欠债之人的当头还给他,未曾抢夺人的物件,却将食物给饥饿的人吃,将衣服给赤身的人穿, 未曾向借钱的弟兄取利,也未曾向借粮的弟兄多要,缩手不做罪孽,在两人之间按至理判断, 遵行我的律例,谨守我的典章,按诚实行事,这人是公义的,必定存活。这是主耶和华说的。

父义子恶唯罚其子

10 “他若生一个儿子,做强盗,是流人血的,不行以上所说之善,反行其中之恶,乃在山上吃过祭偶像之物,并玷污邻舍的妻, 12 亏负困苦和穷乏的人,抢夺人的物,未曾将当头还给人,仰望偶像,并行可憎的事, 13 向借钱的弟兄取利,向借粮的弟兄多要,这人岂能存活呢?他必不能存活。他行这一切可憎的事,必要死亡,他的罪[b]必归到他身上。

子善父恶唯罚其父

14 “他若生一个儿子,见父亲所犯的一切罪便惧怕[c],不照样去做, 15 未曾在山上吃过祭偶像之物,未曾仰望以色列家的偶像,未曾玷污邻舍的妻, 16 未曾亏负人,未曾取人的当头,未曾抢夺人的物件,却将食物给饥饿的人吃,将衣服给赤身的人穿, 17 缩手不害贫穷人,未曾向借钱的弟兄取利,也未曾向借粮的弟兄多要,他顺从我的典章,遵行我的律例,就不因父亲的罪孽死亡,定要存活。 18 至于他父亲,因为欺人太甚,抢夺弟兄,在本国的民中行不善,他必因自己的罪孽死亡。

19 “你们还说:‘儿子为何不担当父亲的罪孽呢?’儿子行正直与合理的事,谨守遵行我的一切律例,他必定存活。 20 唯有犯罪的,他必死亡。儿子必不担当父亲的罪孽,父亲也不担当儿子的罪孽。义人的善果必归自己,恶人的恶报也必归自己。

先恶后善主不念其旧恶

21 “恶人若回头离开所做的一切罪恶,谨守我一切的律例,行正直与合理的事,他必定存活,不致死亡。 22 他所犯的一切罪过都不被记念,因所行的义,他必存活。 23 主耶和华说:恶人死亡,岂是我喜悦的吗?不是喜悦他回头离开所行的道存活吗?

先善后恶主不念其前善

24 “义人若转离义行而做罪孽,照着恶人所行一切可憎的事而行,他岂能存活吗?他所行的一切义都不被记念,他必因所犯的罪、所行的恶死亡。

主道至公

25 “你们还说:‘主的道不公平!’以色列家啊,你们当听!我的道岂不公平吗?你们的道岂不是不公平吗? 26 义人若转离义行而做罪孽死亡,他是因所做的罪孽死亡。 27 再者,恶人若回头离开所行的恶,行正直与合理的事,他必将性命救活了。 28 因为他思量,回头离开所犯的一切罪过,必定存活,不致死亡。 29 以色列家还说:‘主的道不公平!’以色列家啊,我的道岂不公平吗?你们的道岂不是不公平吗?

劝以悔罪离恶

30 “所以主耶和华说:以色列家啊,我必按你们各人所行的审判你们。你们当回头离开所犯的一切罪过,这样,罪孽必不使你们败亡。 31 你们要将所犯的一切罪过尽行抛弃,自做一个新心和新灵。以色列家啊,你们何必死亡呢? 32 主耶和华说:我不喜悦那死人之死,所以你们当回头而存活。”

Footnotes

  1. 以西结书 17:21 “方”原文作“风”。
  2. 以西结书 18:13 “罪”原文作“血”。
  3. 以西结书 18:14 有古卷作:思量。

17 And the word of the Lord came unto me, saying,

Son of man, put forth a riddle, and speak a parable unto the house of Israel;

And say, Thus saith the Lord God; A great eagle with great wings, longwinged, full of feathers, which had divers colours, came unto Lebanon, and took the highest branch of the cedar:

He cropped off the top of his young twigs, and carried it into a land of traffick; he set it in a city of merchants.

He took also of the seed of the land, and planted it in a fruitful field; he placed it by great waters, and set it as a willow tree.

And it grew, and became a spreading vine of low stature, whose branches turned toward him, and the roots thereof were under him: so it became a vine, and brought forth branches, and shot forth sprigs.

There was also another great eagle with great wings and many feathers: and, behold, this vine did bend her roots toward him, and shot forth her branches toward him, that he might water it by the furrows of her plantation.

It was planted in a good soil by great waters, that it might bring forth branches, and that it might bear fruit, that it might be a goodly vine.

Say thou, Thus saith the Lord God; Shall it prosper? shall he not pull up the roots thereof, and cut off the fruit thereof, that it wither? it shall wither in all the leaves of her spring, even without great power or many people to pluck it up by the roots thereof.

10 Yea, behold, being planted, shall it prosper? shall it not utterly wither, when the east wind toucheth it? it shall wither in the furrows where it grew.

11 Moreover the word of the Lord came unto me, saying,

12 Say now to the rebellious house, Know ye not what these things mean? tell them, Behold, the king of Babylon is come to Jerusalem, and hath taken the king thereof, and the princes thereof, and led them with him to Babylon;

13 And hath taken of the king's seed, and made a covenant with him, and hath taken an oath of him: he hath also taken the mighty of the land:

14 That the kingdom might be base, that it might not lift itself up, but that by keeping of his covenant it might stand.

15 But he rebelled against him in sending his ambassadors into Egypt, that they might give him horses and much people. Shall he prosper? shall he escape that doeth such things? or shall he break the covenant, and be delivered?

16 As I live, saith the Lord God, surely in the place where the king dwelleth that made him king, whose oath he despised, and whose covenant he brake, even with him in the midst of Babylon he shall die.

17 Neither shall Pharaoh with his mighty army and great company make for him in the war, by casting up mounts, and building forts, to cut off many persons:

18 Seeing he despised the oath by breaking the covenant, when, lo, he had given his hand, and hath done all these things, he shall not escape.

19 Therefore thus saith the Lord God; As I live, surely mine oath that he hath despised, and my covenant that he hath broken, even it will I recompense upon his own head.

20 And I will spread my net upon him, and he shall be taken in my snare, and I will bring him to Babylon, and will plead with him there for his trespass that he hath trespassed against me.

21 And all his fugitives with all his bands shall fall by the sword, and they that remain shall be scattered toward all winds: and ye shall know that I the Lord have spoken it.

22 Thus saith the Lord God; I will also take of the highest branch of the high cedar, and will set it; I will crop off from the top of his young twigs a tender one, and will plant it upon an high mountain and eminent:

23 In the mountain of the height of Israel will I plant it: and it shall bring forth boughs, and bear fruit, and be a goodly cedar: and under it shall dwell all fowl of every wing; in the shadow of the branches thereof shall they dwell.

24 And all the trees of the field shall know that I the Lord have brought down the high tree, have exalted the low tree, have dried up the green tree, and have made the dry tree to flourish: I the Lord have spoken and have done it.

18 The word of the Lord came unto me again, saying,

What mean ye, that ye use this proverb concerning the land of Israel, saying, The fathers have eaten sour grapes, and the children's teeth are set on edge?

As I live, saith the Lord God, ye shall not have occasion any more to use this proverb in Israel.

Behold, all souls are mine; as the soul of the father, so also the soul of the son is mine: the soul that sinneth, it shall die.

But if a man be just, and do that which is lawful and right,

And hath not eaten upon the mountains, neither hath lifted up his eyes to the idols of the house of Israel, neither hath defiled his neighbour's wife, neither hath come near to a menstruous woman,

And hath not oppressed any, but hath restored to the debtor his pledge, hath spoiled none by violence, hath given his bread to the hungry, and hath covered the naked with a garment;

He that hath not given forth upon usury, neither hath taken any increase, that hath withdrawn his hand from iniquity, hath executed true judgment between man and man,

Hath walked in my statutes, and hath kept my judgments, to deal truly; he is just, he shall surely live, saith the Lord God.

10 If he beget a son that is a robber, a shedder of blood, and that doeth the like to any one of these things,

11 And that doeth not any of those duties, but even hath eaten upon the mountains, and defiled his neighbour's wife,

12 Hath oppressed the poor and needy, hath spoiled by violence, hath not restored the pledge, and hath lifted up his eyes to the idols, hath committed abomination,

13 Hath given forth upon usury, and hath taken increase: shall he then live? he shall not live: he hath done all these abominations; he shall surely die; his blood shall be upon him.

14 Now, lo, if he beget a son, that seeth all his father's sins which he hath done, and considereth, and doeth not such like,

15 That hath not eaten upon the mountains, neither hath lifted up his eyes to the idols of the house of Israel, hath not defiled his neighbour's wife,

16 Neither hath oppressed any, hath not withholden the pledge, neither hath spoiled by violence, but hath given his bread to the hungry, and hath covered the naked with a garment,

17 That hath taken off his hand from the poor, that hath not received usury nor increase, hath executed my judgments, hath walked in my statutes; he shall not die for the iniquity of his father, he shall surely live.

18 As for his father, because he cruelly oppressed, spoiled his brother by violence, and did that which is not good among his people, lo, even he shall die in his iniquity.

19 Yet say ye, Why? doth not the son bear the iniquity of the father? When the son hath done that which is lawful and right, and hath kept all my statutes, and hath done them, he shall surely live.

20 The soul that sinneth, it shall die. The son shall not bear the iniquity of the father, neither shall the father bear the iniquity of the son: the righteousness of the righteous shall be upon him, and the wickedness of the wicked shall be upon him.

21 But if the wicked will turn from all his sins that he hath committed, and keep all my statutes, and do that which is lawful and right, he shall surely live, he shall not die.

22 All his transgressions that he hath committed, they shall not be mentioned unto him: in his righteousness that he hath done he shall live.

23 Have I any pleasure at all that the wicked should die? saith the Lord God: and not that he should return from his ways, and live?

24 But when the righteous turneth away from his righteousness, and committeth iniquity, and doeth according to all the abominations that the wicked man doeth, shall he live? All his righteousness that he hath done shall not be mentioned: in his trespass that he hath trespassed, and in his sin that he hath sinned, in them shall he die.

25 Yet ye say, The way of the Lord is not equal. Hear now, O house of Israel; Is not my way equal? are not your ways unequal?

26 When a righteous man turneth away from his righteousness, and committeth iniquity, and dieth in them; for his iniquity that he hath done shall he die.

27 Again, when the wicked man turneth away from his wickedness that he hath committed, and doeth that which is lawful and right, he shall save his soul alive.

28 Because he considereth, and turneth away from all his transgressions that he hath committed, he shall surely live, he shall not die.

29 Yet saith the house of Israel, The way of the Lord is not equal. O house of Israel, are not my ways equal? are not your ways unequal?

30 Therefore I will judge you, O house of Israel, every one according to his ways, saith the Lord God. Repent, and turn yourselves from all your transgressions; so iniquity shall not be your ruin.

31 Cast away from you all your transgressions, whereby ye have transgressed; and make you a new heart and a new spirit: for why will ye die, O house of Israel?

32 For I have no pleasure in the death of him that dieth, saith the Lord God: wherefore turn yourselves, and live ye.