以色列的牧人

34 耶和华对我说: “人子啊,你要这样向以色列的牧人发预言,‘主耶和华说,以色列的牧人啊,你们有祸了!你们只顾喂养自己,牧人岂不应该照顾羊群吗? 但你们只顾吃羊的脂肪,穿羊毛衣,宰杀肥羊,却不照顾羊群。 你们没有养壮瘦弱的,没有医治生病的,没有包扎受伤的,没有领回走散的,没有寻找迷失的。你们反以暴力来管辖他们。 因为没有牧人,羊群便流离失散,成了野兽的食物。 我的羊在群山和高岗上游荡,分散在各地,没有人寻找他们。

“‘所以,你们这些牧人啊,要听耶和华的话。 主耶和华说,我凭我的永恒起誓,我必惩罚你们。因为我的羊没有牧人,以致沦为所有野兽的食物。我的牧人不去寻找我的羊,他们只喂养自己,不喂养我的羊。 你们这些牧人啊,要听耶和华的话。 10 主耶和华说,我要攻击这些牧人,从他们手中讨回我的羊,不再让他们牧放羊群,使他们无法再喂养自己。我要从他们口中夺回我的羊,不再让羊成为他们的食物。

11 “‘主耶和华说,看啊,我要亲自寻找我的羊,找到他们。 12 牧人怎样寻找他四散的羊,我也照样寻找我的羊,他们在密云幽暗的日子失散到各地,我要把他们从那里救回来。 13 我要把他们从各国各族中领出来,带他们回到自己的故土,我要在以色列的山岭上、溪水旁和境内的草场上牧养他们。 14 我要在佳美的草场上牧养他们,以色列的山岭必成为他们的草场。他们要在佳美的草场上安卧,在以色列山岭的肥美草场上吃草。 15 主耶和华说,“我要亲自喂养我的羊,让他们得到安歇。 16 我要寻找迷失的,领回分散的,包扎受伤的,医治患病的,但我要消灭肥壮的。我要凭公义牧养他们。”

17 “‘我的羊群啊!至于你们,主耶和华这样说,我要在你们中间施行审判,在公绵羊和公山羊之间进行审判。 18 你们肥壮的羊在茂盛的草场上吃还不够吗?你们非要用蹄子践踏吃剩的草吗?你们喝清水还不够吗?你们非要用蹄子搅浑剩下的水吗? 19 我其余的羊只得吃你们践踏的草,喝你们搅浑的水。

20 “‘所以主耶和华对他们说,看啊,我要亲自在肥羊和瘦羊之间施行审判。 21 你们肥羊用胁和肩拱,用角抵瘦弱的,使他们四散。 22 因此我要拯救我的羊,使他们不再成为猎物,我要在羊与羊之间施行审判。 23 我要立我的仆人大卫做他们的牧人,他将牧养他们,做他们的牧人。 24 我耶和华要做他们的上帝,我的仆人大卫要在他们当中做王,这是耶和华说的。

25 “‘我要跟他们立平安的约,除去地上的恶兽,让他们在旷野安居,在丛林安睡。 26 我要赐福他们,也要赐福我圣山的周围,我要按季节降雨给他们,使恩福如雨降下。 27 田间的树木必结果子,土地必长出庄稼,他们要在故乡安居。我要折断他们所负的轭,从奴役他们的人手中把他们拯救出来,他们便知道我是耶和华。 28 他们必不再成为列国的猎物,也不会被地上的野兽吞吃。他们必安居乐业,不再受人惊吓。 29 我要把沃土赐给他们,使他们不再受饥荒之苦,也不再受各国的侮辱。 30 这样,以色列人就知道我耶和华——他们的上帝与他们同在,他们是我的子民,这是主耶和华说的。 31 你们是我草场上的羊,你们是我的子民,我是你们的上帝。这是主耶和华说的。’”

Chapter 34

Parable of the Shepherds. The word of the Lord came to me: Son of man, prophesy against the shepherds[a] of Israel. Prophesy and say to them: To the shepherds, thus says the Lord God: Woe to the shepherds of Israel who have been pasturing themselves!(A) Should not shepherds pasture the flock? You consumed milk, wore wool, and slaughtered fatlings, but the flock you did not pasture.(B) You did not strengthen the weak nor heal the sick nor bind up the injured. You did not bring back the stray or seek the lost but ruled them harshly and brutally.(C) So they were scattered for lack of a shepherd, and became food for all the wild beasts. They were scattered(D) and wandered over all the mountains and high hills; over the entire surface of the earth my sheep were scattered. No one looked after them or searched for them.

Therefore, shepherds, hear the word of the Lord: As I live—oracle of the Lord God—because my sheep became plunder, because my sheep became food for wild beasts, for lack of a shepherd, because my shepherds did not look after my sheep, but pastured themselves and did not pasture my sheep,(E) therefore, shepherds, hear the word of the Lord: 10 Thus says the Lord God: Look! I am coming against these shepherds. I will take my sheep out of their hand and put a stop to their shepherding my flock, so that these shepherds will no longer pasture them. I will deliver my flock from their mouths so it will not become their food.(F)

11 For thus says the Lord God: Look! I myself will search for my sheep and examine them. 12 As a shepherd examines his flock while he himself is among his scattered sheep, so will I examine my sheep. I will deliver them from every place where they were scattered on the day of dark clouds.(G) 13 I will lead them out from among the peoples and gather them from the lands; I will bring them back to their own country and pasture them upon the mountains of Israel, in the ravines and every inhabited place in the land.(H) 14 In good pastures I will pasture them; on the mountain heights of Israel will be their grazing land. There they will lie down on good grazing ground; in rich pastures they will be pastured on the mountains of Israel.(I) 15 I myself will pasture my sheep; I myself will give them rest—oracle of the Lord God. 16 The lost I will search out, the strays I will bring back, the injured I will bind up, and the sick I will heal; but the sleek and the strong I will destroy. I will shepherd them in judgment.

Separation of the Sheep. 17 As for you, my flock, thus says the Lord God: I will judge between one sheep and another, between rams and goats.(J) 18 Was it not enough for you to graze on the best pasture, that you had to trample the rest of your pastures with your hooves? Or to drink the clearest water, that you had to pollute the rest with your hooves? 19 Thus my flock had to graze on what your hooves had trampled and drink what your hooves had polluted. 20 Therefore thus says the Lord God: Now I will judge between the fat and the lean. 21 Because you push with flank and shoulder, and butt all the weak sheep with your horns until you drive them off, 22 I will save my flock so they can no longer be plundered; I will judge between one sheep and another. 23 (K)I will appoint one shepherd[b] over them to pasture them, my servant David; he shall pasture them and be their shepherd. 24 I, the Lord, will be their God, and my servant David will be prince in their midst. I, the Lord, have spoken.(L)

25 I will make a covenant of peace with them and rid the country of wild beasts so they will dwell securely in the wilderness and sleep in the forests.(M) 26 I will settle them around my hill and send rain in its season, the blessing of abundant rain. 27 The trees of the field shall bear their fruits, and the land its crops, and they shall dwell securely on their own soil. They shall know that I am the Lord when I break the bars of their yoke and deliver them from the power of those who enslaved them.(N) 28 They shall no longer be plundered by the nations nor will wild beasts devour them, but they shall dwell securely, with no one to frighten them.(O) 29 I will prepare for them peaceful fields for planting so they are never again swept away by famine in the land or bear taunts from the nations. 30 Thus they shall know that I, the Lord, their God, am with them, and that they are my people, the house of Israel—oracle of the Lord God.(P) 31 Yes, you are my flock: you people are the flock of my pasture, and I am your God—oracle of the Lord God.(Q)

Footnotes

  1. 34:2 Shepherds: the leaders of the people. A frequent title for kings and deities in the ancient Near East; the ideal ruler took care of his subjects and anticipated their needs. Ezekiel’s oracle broadens the reference to include the whole class of Jerusalem’s leaders (v. 17). The prophet assures his audience, the exiles in Babylon, that God holds these leaders responsible for what has happened to Jerusalem and will give Israel a new shepherd worthy of the title.
  2. 34:23 One shepherd: a future king to rule over a unified, restored Israel, in the image of the idealized David present in the Book of Kings (cf., e.g., 1 Kgs 3:3; 11:38; 2 Kgs 14:3; 22:2). My servant David: a common characterization of David; e.g., 1 Kgs 11:34, 36, 38; 2 Kgs 8:19; Ps 36:1; 78:70. See Ez 37:25.