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祭壇の再建

1-2 第七の月(ユダヤ歴による。太陽暦では九月)になると、帰還者たちはめいめいの故郷から、エルサレムに集まって来ました。エホツァダクの子ヨシュアは、仲間の祭司やシェアルティエルの子ゼルバベル、およびその氏族の者とともに、神の人モーセの律法に記されているとおり焼き尽くすいけにえをささげるために、イスラエルの神の祭壇を築きました。 祭壇を元の位置にすえ、さっそく、朝ごと夕ごとに焼き尽くすいけにえをささげました。人々は周囲の国々からの攻撃を恐れていたからです。

彼らはモーセの律法どおり仮庵の祭りを守り、祭りの間は毎日、定められた焼き尽くすいけにえをささげました。 このほか、安息日、新月の祝い、種々の例祭のため、それぞれ定められた品々をささげました。また、人々の自発的なささげ物もささげられました。 祭司が主にいけにえをささげ始めたのは、第七の月の一日でした。まだ神殿の土台が築かれる前のことです。

神殿再建の開始

次いで彼らは、石工や大工を雇い、ツロやシドンからは杉材を買いつけ、食料品、ぶどう酒、オリーブ油などを代金にあてました。レバノン山から切り出された杉材は、クロス王の許可を得て、地中海沿岸を海路ヨッパまで運ばれました。

実際に神殿再建が開始されたのは、エルサレムに帰還した翌年の第二の月のことでした。すべての帰還者たちはゼルバベル、ヨシュア、およびその仲間の祭司やレビ人の指揮のもとで働き続けました。二十歳以上のレビ人は現場監督にあたり、 この大事業の総責任は、ヨシュア、カデミエル、ヘナダデはじめ、その子や親族が負うことになりました。みな、レビ人でした。

10 神殿の土台が完成した時、ダビデ王の定めた様式にのっとって、祭司は祭服を着てラッパを吹き鳴らし、アサフの子孫はシンバルを打ち鳴らして、主を賛美しました。 11 彼らは神をたたえ、感謝する歌を歌いました。「主はすばらしい。その愛と恵みは、とこしえまでもイスラエルに。」これを受けて、民はみなが大声で賛美し、土台の完成を喜びました。

12 しかし、ソロモン時代の壮麗な神殿を知っている祭司、レビ人、指導者など多くの年長者は、声を上げて泣きました。 13 歓喜とも悲嘆ともつかない叫び声が遠くまでとどろき渡りました。

重建祭坛

到了七月,以色列人已安居各城,他们万众一心地聚集在耶路撒冷。 约萨达的儿子耶书亚及其他祭司、撒拉铁的儿子所罗巴伯及其亲属,一起重新筑造以色列上帝的祭坛,为要照上帝的仆人摩西在律法书上的记载在坛上献燔祭。 他们虽然惧怕当地的居民,还是在原来的根基上重建祭坛,并早晚在上面向耶和华献燔祭。 他们照律法书的记载守住棚节,每天按规定的数目献上燔祭。 之后,他们献上日常的燔祭,并在朔日[a]和耶和华所定的一切节期献祭,又向耶和华献上自愿献的祭。 尽管耶和华殿的根基还没有立好,从七月一日起,他们就开始向耶和华献燔祭。 他们付给石匠和木匠银子,并经波斯王塞鲁士批准,供给泰尔人和西顿人食物、酒和油,换取他们把香柏木从黎巴嫩经海路运到约帕。

开始重建圣殿

在回到耶路撒冷上帝殿的第二年二月,撒拉铁的儿子所罗巴伯、约萨达的儿子耶书亚及其祭司和利未亲族,以及所有从流亡之地回到耶路撒冷的人,开始重建耶和华的殿,并派二十岁以上的利未人做督工。 何达威雅[b]的后裔,即耶书亚及其子孙和弟兄、甲篾及其子孙,与利未人希拿达的子孙及其弟兄同心协力地监督在上帝殿里做工的人。

10 工人立耶和华殿的根基时,祭司身穿礼服拿着号角,利未人亚萨的子孙拿着钹各就各位,照以色列王大卫所定的规矩赞美耶和华。 11 他们彼此唱和,赞美、称谢耶和华,说:

“祂是美善的,
因为祂向以色列人永施慈爱!”

所有人都高声欢呼赞美耶和华,因为耶和华殿的根基已经立好。 12 许多曾见过旧殿的年长的祭司、利未人和族长看见这殿的根基,不禁放声大哭,也有很多人高声欢呼。 13 人们无法分辨是痛哭声还是欢呼声,因为众人都大声呼喊,声音传到远处。

Footnotes

  1. 3:5 朔日”即每月初一。
  2. 3:9 何达威雅”希伯来文是“犹大”,参考2:40

And when the seventh month was come, and the children of Israel were in the cities, the people gathered themselves together as one man to Jerusalem.

Then stood up Jeshua the son of Jozadak, and his brethren the priests, and Zerubbabel the son of Shealtiel, and his brethren, and builded the altar of the God of Israel, to offer burnt offerings thereon, as it is written in the law of Moses the man of God.

And they set the altar upon his bases; for fear was upon them because of the people of those countries: and they offered burnt offerings thereon unto the Lord, even burnt offerings morning and evening.

They kept also the feast of tabernacles, as it is written, and offered the daily burnt offerings by number, according to the custom, as the duty of every day required;

And afterward offered the continual burnt offering, both of the new moons, and of all the set feasts of the Lord that were consecrated, and of every one that willingly offered a freewill offering unto the Lord.

From the first day of the seventh month began they to offer burnt offerings unto the Lord. But the foundation of the temple of the Lord was not yet laid.

They gave money also unto the masons, and to the carpenters; and meat, and drink, and oil, unto them of Zidon, and to them of Tyre, to bring cedar trees from Lebanon to the sea of Joppa, according to the grant that they had of Cyrus king of Persia.

Now in the second year of their coming unto the house of God at Jerusalem, in the second month, began Zerubbabel the son of Shealtiel, and Jeshua the son of Jozadak, and the remnant of their brethren the priests and the Levites, and all they that were come out of the captivity unto Jerusalem; and appointed the Levites, from twenty years old and upward, to set forward the work of the house of the Lord.

Then stood Jeshua with his sons and his brethren, Kadmiel and his sons, the sons of Judah, together, to set forward the workmen in the house of God: the sons of Henadad, with their sons and their brethren the Levites.

10 And when the builders laid the foundation of the temple of the Lord, they set the priests in their apparel with trumpets, and the Levites the sons of Asaph with cymbals, to praise the Lord, after the ordinance of David king of Israel.

11 And they sang together by course in praising and giving thanks unto the Lord; because he is good, for his mercy endureth for ever toward Israel. And all the people shouted with a great shout, when they praised the Lord, because the foundation of the house of the Lord was laid.

12 But many of the priests and Levites and chief of the fathers, who were ancient men, that had seen the first house, when the foundation of this house was laid before their eyes, wept with a loud voice; and many shouted aloud for joy:

13 So that the people could not discern the noise of the shout of joy from the noise of the weeping of the people: for the people shouted with a loud shout, and the noise was heard afar off.

Chapter 3

Restoration of Worship. (A)Now when the seventh month[a] came, after the Israelites had settled in their cities, the people gathered as one in Jerusalem. Then Jeshua, son of Jozadak, together with his kinsmen the priests, and Zerubbabel, son of Shealtiel, together with his kinsmen, began building the altar of the God of Israel in order to offer on it the burnt offerings prescribed in the law of Moses, the man of God. (B)They set the altar on its foundations, for they lived in fear of the peoples of the lands,[b] and offered burnt offerings to the Lord on it, both morning and evening. (C)They also kept the feast of Booths in the manner prescribed, and they offered the daily burnt offerings in the proper number required for each day. Thereafter they offered regular burnt offerings, the sacrifices prescribed for the new moons and all the festivals sacred to the Lord, and those which anyone might bring as a voluntary offering to the Lord.

Laying the Foundations of the Temple. From the first day of the seventh month they reinstituted the burnt offering to the Lord, though the foundation of the Lord’s temple had not yet been laid. (D)Then they hired stonecutters and carpenters, and sent food and drink and oil to the Sidonians and Tyrians that they might ship cedar trees from the Lebanon to the port of Joppa, as Cyrus, king of Persia, had authorized. In the year after their coming to the house of God in Jerusalem, in the second month, Zerubbabel, son of Shealtiel, and Jeshua, son of Jozadak, together with the rest of their kinsmen, the priests and Levites and all who had come from the captivity to Jerusalem, began by appointing the Levites twenty years of age and over to supervise the work on the house of the Lord. Jeshua and his sons and kinsmen, with Kadmiel and Binnui, son of Hodaviah, and their sons and their kindred, the Levites, together undertook to supervise those who were engaged in the work on the house of God. 10 (E)While the builders were laying the foundation of the Lord’s temple, the priests in their vestments were stationed with trumpets and the Levites, sons of Asaph, with cymbals to praise the Lord in the manner laid down by David, king of Israel. 11 (F)They alternated in songs of praise and thanksgiving to the Lord, “for he is good, for his love for Israel endures forever”;[c] and all the people raised a great shout of joy, praising the Lord because the foundation of the Lord’s house had been laid. 12 (G)Many of the priests, Levites, and heads of ancestral houses, who were old enough to have seen the former house, cried out in sorrow as they watched the foundation of the present house being laid. Many others, however, lifted up their voices in shouts of joy. 13 No one could distinguish the sound of the joyful shouting from the sound of those who were weeping; for the people raised a mighty clamor which was heard far away.

Footnotes

  1. 3:1–2 The seventh month: Tishri (September–October), apparently of the first year of the return (538 B.C.), followed by events in the second year (v. 8). In that case it was Sheshbazzar who laid the foundations of the Temple (5:16), and it was in the second year of Darius I (520 B.C.) that Jeshua and Zerubbabel resumed work on the Temple that had been temporarily interrupted (Ezr 4:24–5:1; Hg 1:1; 2:1). The author, or a later editor, has set the construction and dedication of the Temple under Darius I back into the earliest period of the return. Shealtiel was the oldest son of King Jehoiachin (1 Chr 3:17–19); Zerubbabel was therefore Jehoiachin’s grandson; see note on Ezr 1:8.
  2. 3:3 Peoples of the lands: referring either to those who had never left Judah or to neighboring peoples—Edomites, Arabs, inhabitants of Samaria—who opposed those who returned.
  3. 3:11 “For he is good…forever”: a refrain occurring frequently in liturgies of ancient Israel (cf. Ps 136).