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Предостережения против глупости

Сын мой, если ты поручился за другого
    и гарантировал возмещение долгов чужого,
то ты был пойман на слове,
    попался в ловушку собственных слов.
И тогда, сын мой, вот что сделай, чтобы спастись,
    раз ты попал в руки другого:
пойди, поспеши[a]
    и мольбами его осади!
Не давай глазам своим сна
    и не смыкай век своих.
Спасайся, как газель из руки охотника,
    как птица из силков птицелова.

Пойди к муравью, лежебока,
    посмотри на труды его и будь мудрым!
Нет у него ни начальника,
    ни надсмотрщика, ни правителя,
но он запасается летом пищей,
    собирает себе еду во время жатвы.

Сколько валяться тебе, лежебока?
    Когда же ты пробудишься ото сна?
10 Немного поспишь, немного подремлешь,
    немного, руки сложив, полежишь,
11 и придёт к тебе нищета, как грабитель[b],
    настигнет нужда, как разбойник[c].

12 Негодяй и злодей
    ходит с лживой речью,
13 подмигивает глазами,
    подаёт знаки ногами
    и тычет пальцами.
14 Ложь в его сердце;
    он замышляет зло
    и постоянно сеет раздор.
15 К такому нежданно придёт беда;
    он будет внезапно погублен – без исцеления.

16 Шесть вещей ненавидит Вечный,
    даже семь, что Ему отвратительны:
17         надменные глаза,
        лживый язык,
        руки, что льют невинную кровь,
18         сердце, что вынашивает нечестивые замыслы,
        ноги, что скоры бежать к злу,
19         лжесвидетель, что дышит ложью,
        и тот, кто меж братьями сеет раздор.

Ещё одно предостережение против нарушения супружеской верности

20 Сын мой, храни повеления своего отца
    и не отвергай поучения своей матери.
21 Навсегда навяжи их на сердце;
    обвяжи их вокруг шеи.
22 Когда ты пойдёшь, они тебя поведут,
    когда ты уснёшь, они тебя будут охранять,
    когда ты встанешь, они дадут тебе совет.
23 Ведь повеления эти – светильник,
    наставление – свет,
    а назидательное обличение – путь к жизни,
24 хранящие тебя от дурной женщины,
    от льстивого языка чужой жены.
25 Не желай в своём сердце её красоты;
    не давай ей увлечь тебя ресницами,
26 ведь из-за блудницы нищают до куска хлеба,[d]
    а связь с чужой женой может стоить тебе жизни.
27 Разве можно за пазуху взять огонь
    и не прожечь одежду?
28 Разве можно ходить по горячим углям
    и не обжечь ног?
29 Так и тот, кто спит с женой другого:
    никто из коснувшихся её не останется безнаказанным.

30 Не презирают вора, когда крадёт он из-за голода
    лишь для того, чтоб насытиться.
31 Но и тогда, будучи пойман, заплатит он сполна[e],
    отдав всё добро своего дома.
32 Но кто ложится с чужой женой – безрассуден;
    поступающий так сам себя губит.
33 Побои и срам он получит,
    и позор его не изгладится;
34 ведь ревность приводит мужа в ярость,
    и не сжалится он, когда будет мстить.
35 Никакого откупа он не примет,
    не захочет подарка, какого бы ты ни давал.

Footnotes

  1. Мудр 6:3 Или: «унижайся».
  2. Мудр 6:11 Или: «как бродяга».
  3. Мудр 6:11 Или: «как попрошайка».
  4. Мудр 6:26 Или: «ведь плата блудницы – лишь кусок хлеба».
  5. Мудр 6:31 Букв.: «семикратно».

Advertencia contra la insensatez

Hijo mío, si has salido fiador de tu vecino,
    si has hecho tratos para responder por otro,
si te has comprometido verbalmente,
    enredándote con tus propias palabras,
    entonces has caído en manos de tu prójimo.
Si quieres librarte, hijo mío, este es el camino:
    Ve corriendo y humíllate ante él;
    procura deshacer tu compromiso.
No permitas que se duerman tus ojos;
    no dejes que tus párpados se cierren.
Líbrate, como se libra del cazador[a] la gacela,
    como se libra de la trampa[b] el ave.

¡Anda, perezoso, fíjate en la hormiga!
    ¡Fíjate en lo que hace, y adquiere sabiduría!
No tiene quien la mande,
    ni quien la vigile ni gobierne;
con todo, en el verano almacena provisiones
    y durante la cosecha recoge alimentos.

Perezoso, ¿cuánto tiempo más seguirás acostado?
    ¿Cuándo despertarás de tu sueño?
10 Un corto sueño, una breve siesta,
    un pequeño descanso, cruzado de brazos…
11 ¡y te asaltará la pobreza como un bandido,
    y la escasez como un hombre armado![c]

12 El bribón y sinvergüenza,
    el vagabundo de boca corrupta,
13 hace guiños con los ojos,
    y señas con los pies y con los dedos.
14 El malvado trama el mal en su mente,
    y siempre anda provocando disensiones.
15 Por eso le sobrevendrá la ruina;
    ¡de repente será destruido, y no podrá evitarlo!

16 Hay seis cosas que el Señor aborrece,
    y siete que le son detestables:
17         los ojos que se enaltecen,
        la lengua que miente,
        las manos que derraman sangre inocente,
18         el corazón que maquina planes perversos,
        los pies que corren a hacer lo malo,
19         el falso testigo que esparce mentiras,
        y el que siembra discordia entre hermanos.

Advertencia contra el adulterio

20 Hijo mío, obedece el mandamiento de tu padre
    y no abandones la enseñanza de tu madre.
21 Grábatelos en el corazón;
    cuélgatelos al cuello.
22 Cuando camines, te servirán de guía;
    cuando duermas, vigilarán tu sueño;
    cuando despiertes, hablarán contigo.
23 El mandamiento es una lámpara,
    la enseñanza es una luz
    y la disciplina que corrige es camino de vida.
24 Te protegerán de la mujer malvada,
    de la mujer ajena y de su lengua seductora.
25 No abrigues en tu corazón deseos por su belleza,
    ni te dejes cautivar por sus ojos,
26 pues la ramera va tras un pedazo de pan,
    pero la mujer de otro hombre busca tu propia vida.[d]
27 ¿Puede alguien echarse brasas en el pecho
    sin quemarse la ropa?
28 ¿Puede alguien caminar sobre las brasas
    sin quemarse los pies?
29 Pues tampoco quien se acuesta con la mujer ajena
    puede tocarla y quedar impune.

30 No se desprecia al ladrón
    que roba para mitigar su hambre;
31 pero, si lo atrapan, deberá devolver
    siete tantos lo robado,
    aun cuando eso le cueste todas sus posesiones.
32 Pero al que comete adulterio le falta el juicio;
    el que así actúa se destruye a sí mismo.
33 No sacará más que golpes y vergüenzas,
    y no podrá borrar su oprobio.
34 Porque los celos desatan la furia del esposo,
    y este no perdonará en el día de la venganza.
35 No aceptará nada en desagravio,
    ni se contentará con muchos regalos.

Footnotes

  1. 6:5 del cazador (LXX y otras versiones antiguas); de la mano (TM).
  2. 6:5 de la trampa (LXX y otras versiones antiguas); de la mano del trampero (TM).
  3. 6:11 como un hombre armado. Alt. como un limosnero.
  4. 6:26 tu propia vida. Lit. un alma valiosa.

Dagdag na Babala

Anak, kapag nangako kang managot sa utang ng iba, at naipit ka sa pangakong iyon, ganito ang gawin mo upang maayos ang pananagutan mo sa kanya: Puntahan mo siya at makiusap na pakawalan ka niya sa iyong pananagutan. Huwag kang titigil na makiusap hanggang sa maging malaya ka, tulad ng isang ibon o usa na nakawala sa isang mangangaso.

Kayong mga tamad, tingnan ninyo at pag-aralan ang pamumuhay ng mga langgam upang matuto kayo sa kanila. Kahit na walang namumuno at nag-uutos sa kanila, nag-iipon sila ng pagkain kapag tag-araw at panahon ng anihan, upang may makain sila pagdating ng tag-ulan. Kayong mga tamad, matutulog nang matutulog na lang ba kayo? Kailan kayo gigising? 10 Kaunting tulog, kaunting pahinga at ang paminsan-minsang paghalukipkip ng mga kamay, 11 at hindi ninyo mamamalayan darating ang kahirapan na para kayong ninakawan ng tulisan.

12 Ang taong walang kwenta at masama ay puro kasinungalingan ang sinasabi. 13 Kumikindat at sumisenyas siya gamit ang kanyang mga kamay at paa para makumbinsi ang mga tao sa mga sinasabi niya. 14 Ang puso niya ay puno ng pandaraya, laging nagbabalak na gumawa ng masama at sa mga gulo siya ang nagpapasimula. 15 Kaya biglang darating sa kanya ang kapahamakan at hindi na siya matutulungan.

16 May mga bagay[a] na kinamumuhian ang Panginoon:

17 ang pagmamataas,
    ang pagsisinungaling,
    ang pagpatay ng tao,
18 ang pagpaplano ng masama,
    ang pagmamadaling gumawa ng masama,
19 ang pagpapatotoo sa kasinungalingan,
    at pinag-aaway ang kanyang kapwa.

20 Anak, sundin mo ang itinuturo at iniuutos ng iyong mga magulang. 21 Itanim mo ito sa iyong isipan para hindi mo makalimutan. 22 Ito ang magpapatnubay, mag-iingat at magpapaalala sa iyong pamumuhay, kahit ano pa ang iyong ginagawa. 23 Sapagkat ang mga turo at utos ng iyong mga magulang ay katulad ng isang ilaw na tatanglaw sa iyo. At ang kanilang pagsaway sa iyo para ituwid ang ugali mo ay ikabubuti at ikahahaba ng buhay mo. 24 Ilalayo ka rin nito sa masamang babaeng nakakaakit ang pananalita. 25 Huwag kang magnanasa sa kanyang kagandahan. Huwag kang patutukso sa kanyang pang-aakit. 26 Ang pakikipagsiping sa babaeng bayaran ay pwedeng bayaran sa halaga ng tinapay, ngunit ang pakikipagsiping sa asawa ng iba ay pagbabayaran mo ng iyong buhay.

27 Kung maglalaro ka ng apoy sa iyong kandungan tiyak na masusunog ang damit mo. 28 At kung tatapak ka sa baga, mapapaso ang mga paa mo. 29 Kaya kapag sumiping ka sa asawa ng iba, magdurusa ka.

30 Minsan nauunawaan ng mga tao ang taong nagnakaw dahil sa gutom. 31 Ngunit pinagbabayad naman siya ng pitong beses ng kanyang ninakaw kapag nahuli, kahit maubos pa ang lahat ng pag-aari niya.

32 Ang taong sumisiping sa asawa ng iba ay hangal. Sinisira lang niya ang kanyang sarili. 33 Masasaktan siya at habang buhay na mapapahiya. 34 Sapagkat ang asawang seloso ay sobra kung magalit at maghihiganti siya ng walang awa. 35 Kahit magkano pa ang ibayad, hindi niya ito tatanggapin.

Footnotes

  1. 6:16 May mga bagay: sa literal, May anim o pitong bagay.

Warnings Against Folly

My son,(A) if you have put up security(B) for your neighbor,(C)
    if you have shaken hands in pledge(D) for a stranger,
you have been trapped by what you said,
    ensnared by the words of your mouth.
So do this, my son, to free yourself,
    since you have fallen into your neighbor’s hands:
Go—to the point of exhaustion—[a]
    and give your neighbor no rest!
Allow no sleep to your eyes,
    no slumber to your eyelids.(E)
Free yourself, like a gazelle(F) from the hand of the hunter,(G)
    like a bird from the snare of the fowler.(H)

Go to the ant, you sluggard;(I)
    consider its ways and be wise!
It has no commander,
    no overseer or ruler,
yet it stores its provisions in summer(J)
    and gathers its food at harvest.(K)

How long will you lie there, you sluggard?(L)
    When will you get up from your sleep?
10 A little sleep, a little slumber,
    a little folding of the hands to rest(M)
11 and poverty(N) will come on you like a thief
    and scarcity like an armed man.

12 A troublemaker and a villain,
    who goes about with a corrupt mouth,
13     who winks maliciously with his eye,(O)
    signals with his feet
    and motions with his fingers,(P)
14     who plots evil(Q) with deceit in his heart—
    he always stirs up conflict.(R)
15 Therefore disaster will overtake him in an instant;(S)
    he will suddenly(T) be destroyed—without remedy.(U)

16 There are six things the Lord hates,(V)
    seven that are detestable to him:
17         haughty eyes,(W)
        a lying tongue,(X)
        hands that shed innocent blood,(Y)
18         a heart that devises wicked schemes,
        feet that are quick to rush into evil,(Z)
19         a false witness(AA) who pours out lies(AB)
        and a person who stirs up conflict in the community.(AC)

Warning Against Adultery

20 My son,(AD) keep your father’s command
    and do not forsake your mother’s teaching.(AE)
21 Bind them always on your heart;
    fasten them around your neck.(AF)
22 When you walk, they will guide you;
    when you sleep, they will watch over you;
    when you awake, they will speak to you.
23 For this command is a lamp,
    this teaching is a light,(AG)
and correction and instruction
    are the way to life,(AH)
24 keeping you from your neighbor’s wife,
    from the smooth talk of a wayward woman.(AI)

25 Do not lust in your heart after her beauty
    or let her captivate you with her eyes.

26 For a prostitute can be had for a loaf of bread,
    but another man’s wife preys on your very life.(AJ)
27 Can a man scoop fire into his lap
    without his clothes being burned?
28 Can a man walk on hot coals
    without his feet being scorched?
29 So is he who sleeps(AK) with another man’s wife;(AL)
    no one who touches her will go unpunished.

30 People do not despise a thief if he steals
    to satisfy his hunger when he is starving.
31 Yet if he is caught, he must pay sevenfold,(AM)
    though it costs him all the wealth of his house.
32 But a man who commits adultery(AN) has no sense;(AO)
    whoever does so destroys himself.
33 Blows and disgrace are his lot,
    and his shame will never(AP) be wiped away.

34 For jealousy(AQ) arouses a husband’s fury,(AR)
    and he will show no mercy when he takes revenge.
35 He will not accept any compensation;
    he will refuse a bribe, however great it is.(AS)

Footnotes

  1. Proverbs 6:3 Or Go and humble yourself,

My son, if thou be surety for thy friend, if thou hast stricken thy hand with a stranger,

Thou art snared with the words of thy mouth, thou art taken with the words of thy mouth.

Do this now, my son, and deliver thyself, when thou art come into the hand of thy friend; go, humble thyself, and make sure thy friend.

Give not sleep to thine eyes, nor slumber to thine eyelids.

Deliver thyself as a roe from the hand of the hunter, and as a bird from the hand of the fowler.

Go to the ant, thou sluggard; consider her ways, and be wise:

Which having no guide, overseer, or ruler,

Provideth her meat in the summer, and gathereth her food in the harvest.

How long wilt thou sleep, O sluggard? when wilt thou arise out of thy sleep?

10 Yet a little sleep, a little slumber, a little folding of the hands to sleep:

11 So shall thy poverty come as one that travelleth, and thy want as an armed man.

12 A naughty person, a wicked man, walketh with a froward mouth.

13 He winketh with his eyes, he speaketh with his feet, he teacheth with his fingers;

14 Frowardness is in his heart, he deviseth mischief continually; he soweth discord.

15 Therefore shall his calamity come suddenly; suddenly shall he be broken without remedy.

16 These six things doth the Lord hate: yea, seven are an abomination unto him:

17 A proud look, a lying tongue, and hands that shed innocent blood,

18 An heart that deviseth wicked imaginations, feet that be swift in running to mischief,

19 A false witness that speaketh lies, and he that soweth discord among brethren.

20 My son, keep thy father's commandment, and forsake not the law of thy mother:

21 Bind them continually upon thine heart, and tie them about thy neck.

22 When thou goest, it shall lead thee; when thou sleepest, it shall keep thee; and when thou awakest, it shall talk with thee.

23 For the commandment is a lamp; and the law is light; and reproofs of instruction are the way of life:

24 To keep thee from the evil woman, from the flattery of the tongue of a strange woman.

25 Lust not after her beauty in thine heart; neither let her take thee with her eyelids.

26 For by means of a whorish woman a man is brought to a piece of bread: and the adultress will hunt for the precious life.

27 Can a man take fire in his bosom, and his clothes not be burned?

28 Can one go upon hot coals, and his feet not be burned?

29 So he that goeth in to his neighbour's wife; whosoever toucheth her shall not be innocent.

30 Men do not despise a thief, if he steal to satisfy his soul when he is hungry;

31 But if he be found, he shall restore sevenfold; he shall give all the substance of his house.

32 But whoso committeth adultery with a woman lacketh understanding: he that doeth it destroyeth his own soul.

33 A wound and dishonour shall he get; and his reproach shall not be wiped away.

34 For jealousy is the rage of a man: therefore he will not spare in the day of vengeance.

35 He will not regard any ransom; neither will he rest content, though thou givest many gifts.