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Иса Масих – окончательная жертва за грехи

10 Закон – это лишь тень тех благ, которые ожидают людей в будущем, а не сами эти блага. Поэтому исполнение Закона не может оправдать перед Аллахом тех, кто приходит, чтобы постоянно, из года в год, приносить те же самые жертвы. Если бы Закон был в состоянии это сделать, то разве они не перестали бы приносить свои жертвы? Поклоняющиеся были бы очищены раз и навсегда, и больше не чувствовали бы вины за свои грехи. Но эти жертвы служат для того, чтобы из года в год напоминать о грехе, потому что кровь быков и козлов не может устранять грехи.

Поэтому, входя в этот мир, Масих сказал Аллаху:

«Не захотел Ты ни жертв, ни даров,
    но Ты приготовил тело для Меня.
Тебя не радуют ни всесожжения,
    ни жертвы за грех.
Тогда Я сказал: „Вот, Я иду,
    как и написано в книге Таурат обо Мне,
    чтобы исполнить волю Твою, о Аллах!“»[a]

Итак, вначале Он сказал: «Ты не захотел ни жертв, ни даров, ни всесожжений, ни жертв за грех, они Тебя не радуют и Ты не доволен ими». Он сказал это, несмотря на то что всё это требовалось по Закону. Потом Он добавил: «Вот, Я иду, чтобы исполнить волю Твою». Масих отменяет старые жертвоприношения и вводит в силу нечто новое. 10 И потому, что Он исполнил волю Аллаха, мы были раз и навсегда освящены принесением в жертву тела Исы Масиха.

11 Каждый священнослужитель изо дня в день выполняет свои обязанности, вновь и вновь принося одни и те же жертвы, не способные удалить грехи. 12 Этот же Верховный Священнослужитель принёс одну жертву за грехи, действенную вовеки, и сел по правую руку от Аллаха.[b] 13 С тех пор Он ожидает того часа, когда Его враги будут повержены к Его ногам.[c] 14 Одной жертвой Он навсегда оправдал освящаемых перед Аллахом. 15 Об этом нам свидетельствует и Святой Дух. Вначале Он говорит:

16 «Поэтому Я в будущем заключу с ними
    такое соглашение, – говорит Вечный. –
Законы Мои Я вложу в их сердца
    и запишу в их разум»[d].

17 Потом Он добавляет:

«Их грехи и их беззакония
    Я больше не вспомню»[e].

18 Когда грех прощён, тогда уже больше нет нужды в жертве за грех.

Призыв твёрдо держаться веры

19 Братья, благодаря крови Исы, мы теперь можем смело войти в Святое Святых, 20 войти по новому и живому пути, который открыт для нас через завесу, то есть через Его тело.[f] 21 У нас есть великий Священнослужитель, Который стоит во главе всего дома Аллаха[g]. 22 Так давайте же придём к Аллаху с искренними сердцами, в полноте веры, кроплением очистив сердца от порочной совести и омыв тела чистой водой.[h] 23 Будем непоколебимо держаться исповедания веры, которая даёт надежду, потому что Тот, Кто обещал нам, – верен. 24 Будем с вниманием относиться друг ко другу, поощряя один другого к любви и добрым делам. 25 У некоторых вошло в привычку не посещать собрания верующих. А мы не будем следовать их примеру, но будем ободрять друг друга, особенно видя, что день возвращения Повелителя уже приближается.

Предостережение верующим против сознательного греха

26 Потому что если мы, узнав истину, сознательно продолжаем грешить, то грехи эти не искупит уже никакая жертва. 27 В таком случае нам остаётся лишь со страхом ожидать Суда и яростного огня, который пожрёт врагов Аллаха.[i] 28 Кто нарушал Закон Мусы, того, на основании слов двух или трёх свидетелей, безжалостно предавали смерти.[j] 29 Так насколько же более сурового наказания по вашему мнению заслуживает тот, кто попирает ногами (вечного) Сына Всевышнего, ни во что не ставит кровь священного соглашения[k], которой был освящён, и оскорбляет Духа благодати? 30 Мы знаем Того, Кто сказал: «Предоставьте месть Мне, Я воздам»[l] и ещё: «Вечный будет судить Свой народ»[m]. 31 Страшно впасть в руки живого Бога!

Призыв быть стойким в гонениях

32 Вспомните прежние дни, когда, после того как были просвещены, вы выдержали тяжёлые страдания. 33 Временами вас выставляли на осмеяние и преследовали, а временами вы стояли плечом к плечу с теми, кто переносил такие же страдания. 34 Вы проявляли сострадание к тем, кто находился в темницах; вы даже радовались, когда забирали ваше имущество, потому что вы знали, что у вас есть имущество лучшее, вечное.

35 Не теряйте же мужества, вы за это будете щедро вознаграждены. 36 Но для того, чтобы исполнить волю Аллаха и получить то, что Он обещал, вам необходимо терпение. 37 Ещё недолго, совсем недолго, и

«Тот, Кто должен прийти, придёт незамедлительно.
38     Праведный Мой верой жив будет,
но если он отступит от веры в Меня,
    Я буду недоволен им»[n].

39 Но мы не из тех, кто отступает и гибнет; нет, мы верим и получаем спасение!

Footnotes

  1. 10:5-7 Заб. 39:7-9.
  2. 10:12 Или: «…жертву за грехи и навсегда сел по правую руку от Аллаха».
  3. 10:12-13 См. Заб. 109:1; Евр. 1:13.
  4. 10:16 Иер. 31:33.
  5. 10:17 Иер. 31:34.
  6. 10:20 См. Мк. 15:38.
  7. 10:21 Дом Аллаха   – имеется в виду: 1) небесный храм Аллаха; 2) народ Аллаха, верующие в Ису Масиха. Но, возможно, оба варианта имеют место.
  8. 10:22 См. Езек. 36:25.
  9. 10:27 См. Ис. 26:11; Соф. 1:18; 3:8.
  10. 10:28 См. Чис. 35:30; Втор. 17:6; 19:15.
  11. 10:29 См. Исх. 24:8.
  12. 10:30 Втор. 32:35.
  13. 10:30 Втор. 32:36.
  14. 10:37-38 Авв. 2:3-4.

10 For the law, having a shadow of the good to come, not the very image of the things, can never with the same sacrifices year by year, which they offer continually, make perfect those who draw near. Or else wouldn’t they have ceased to be offered, because the worshipers, having been once cleansed, would have had no more consciousness of sins? But in those sacrifices there is a yearly reminder of sins. For it is impossible that the blood of bulls and goats should take away sins. Therefore when he comes into the world, he says,

“You didn’t desire sacrifice and offering,
    but you prepared a body for me.
You had no pleasure in whole burnt offerings and sacrifices for sin.
    Then I said, ‘Behold, I have come (in the scroll of the book it is written of me)
    to do your will, O God.’”(A)

Previously saying, “Sacrifices and offerings and whole burnt offerings and sacrifices for sin you didn’t desire, neither had pleasure in them” (those which are offered according to the law), then he has said, “Behold, I have come to do your will.” He takes away the first, that he may establish the second, 10 by which will we have been sanctified through the offering of the body of Jesus Christ once for all.

11 Every priest indeed stands day by day serving and offering often the same sacrifices, which can never take away sins, 12 but he, when he had offered one sacrifice for sins forever, sat down on the right hand of God, 13 from that time waiting until his enemies are made the footstool of his feet. 14 For by one offering he has perfected forever those who are being sanctified. 15 The Holy Spirit also testifies to us, for after saying,

16 “This is the covenant that I will make with them
    after those days,” says the Lord,
“I will put my laws on their heart,
    I will also write them on their mind;”(B)

then he says,

17 “I will remember their sins and their iniquities no more.”(C)

18 Now where remission of these is, there is no more offering for sin.

19 Having therefore, brothers, boldness to enter into the holy place by the blood of Jesus, 20 by the way which he dedicated for us, a new and living way, through the veil, that is to say, his flesh, 21 and having a great priest over God’s house, 22 let’s draw near with a true heart in fullness of faith, having our hearts sprinkled from an evil conscience and having our body washed with pure water, 23 let’s hold fast the confession of our hope without wavering; for he who promised is faithful.

24 Let’s consider how to provoke one another to love and good works, 25 not forsaking our own assembling together, as the custom of some is, but exhorting one another, and so much the more as you see the Day approaching.

26 For if we sin willfully after we have received the knowledge of the truth, there remains no more a sacrifice for sins, 27 but a certain fearful expectation of judgment, and a fierceness of fire which will devour the adversaries. 28 A man who disregards Moses’ law dies without compassion on the word of two or three witnesses. 29 How much worse punishment do you think he will be judged worthy of who has trodden under foot the Son of God, and has counted the blood of the covenant with which he was sanctified an unholy thing, and has insulted the Spirit of grace? 30 For we know him who said, “Vengeance belongs to me. I will repay,” says the Lord.(D) Again, “The Lord will judge his people.”(E) 31 It is a fearful thing to fall into the hands of the living God.

32 But remember the former days, in which, after you were enlightened, you endured a great struggle with sufferings: 33 partly, being exposed to both reproaches and oppressions, and partly, becoming partakers with those who were treated so. 34 For you both had compassion on me in my chains and joyfully accepted the plundering of your possessions, knowing that you have for yourselves a better possession and an enduring one in the heavens. 35 Therefore don’t throw away your boldness, which has a great reward. 36 For you need endurance so that, having done the will of God, you may receive the promise.

37 “In a very little while,
    he who comes will come and will not wait.
38 But the righteous one will live by faith.
    If he shrinks back, my soul has no pleasure in him.”(F)

39 But we are not of those who shrink back to destruction, but of those who have faith to the saving of the soul.

10 For the Torah has in it a shadow of the good things to come, but not the actual manifestation of the originals. Therefore, it can never, by means of the same sacrifices repeated endlessly year after year, bring to the goal those who approach the Holy Place to offer them. Otherwise, wouldn’t the offering of those sacrifices have ceased? For if the people performing the service had been cleansed once and for all, they would no longer have sins on their conscience. No, it is quite the contrary — in these sacrifices is a reminder of sins, year after year. For it is impossible that the blood of bulls and goats should take away sins.

This is why, on coming into the world, he says,

“It has not been your will
to have an animal sacrifice and a meal offering;
rather, you have prepared for me a body.
No, you have not been pleased
with burnt offerings and sin offerings.
Then I said, ‘Look!
In the scroll of the book
it is written about me.
I have come to do your will.’”[a]

In saying first, “You neither willed nor were pleased with animal sacrifices, meal offerings, burnt offerings and sin offerings,” things which are offered in accordance with the Torah; and then, “Look, I have come to do your will”; he takes away the first system in order to set up the second. 10 It is in connection with this will that we have been separated for God and made holy, once and for all, through the offering of Yeshua the Messiah’s body.

11 Now every cohen stands every day doing his service, offering over and over the same sacrifices, which can never take away sins. 12 But this one, after he had offered for all time a single sacrifice for sins, sat down at the right hand of God, 13 from then on to wait until his enemies be made a footstool for his feet.[b] 14 For by a single offering he has brought to the goal for all time those who are being set apart for God and made holy.

15 And the Ruach HaKodesh too bears witness to us; for after saying,

16 “ ‘This is the covenant which I will make
with them after those days,’ says Adonai:
‘I will put my Torah on their hearts,
and write it on their minds . . . ,’ ”[c]

17 he then adds,

“ ‘And their sins and their wickednesses
I will remember no more.’ ”[d]

18 Now where there is forgiveness for these, an offering for sins is no longer needed.

19 So, brothers, we have confidence to use the way into the Holiest Place opened by the blood of Yeshua. 20 He inaugurated it for us as a new and living way through the parokhet, by means of his flesh. 21 We also have a great cohen over God’s household. 22 Therefore, let us approach the Holiest Place with a sincere heart, in the full assurance that comes from trusting — with our hearts sprinkled clean from a bad conscience and our bodies washed with pure water.[e] 23 Let us continue holding fast to the hope we acknowledge, without wavering; for the One who made the promise is trustworthy. 24 And let us keep paying attention to one another, in order to spur each other on to love and good deeds, 25 not neglecting our own congregational meetings, as some have made a practice of doing, but, rather, encouraging each other.

And let us do this all the more as you see the Day approaching. 26 For if we deliberately continue to sin after receiving the knowledge of the truth, there no longer remains a sacrifice for sins, 27 but only the terrifying prospect of Judgment, of raging fire that will consume the enemies.[f]

28 Someone who disregards the Torah of Moshe is put to death without mercy on the word of two or three witnesses.[g] 29 Think how much worse will be the punishment deserved by someone who has trampled underfoot the Son of God; who has treated as something common the blood of the covenant[h] which made him holy; and who has insulted the Spirit, giver of God’s grace!

30 For the One we know is the One who said,

“Vengeance is my responsibility;
I will repay,”

and then said,

Adonai will judge his people.”[i]

31 It is a terrifying thing to fall into the hands of the living God!

32 But remember the earlier days, when, after you had received the light, you endured a hard struggle with sufferings. 33 Sometimes you were publicly disgraced and persecuted, while at other times you stood loyally by those who were treated this way. 34 For you shared the sufferings of those who had been put in prison. Also when your possessions were seized, you accepted it gladly; since you knew that what you possessed was better and would last forever.

35 So don’t throw away that courage of yours, which carries with it such a great reward. 36 For you need to hold out; so that, by having done what God wills, you may receive what he has promised. 37 For

“There is so, so little time!
The One coming will indeed come,
he will not delay.
38 But the person who is righteous
will live his life by trusting,
and if he shrinks back,
I will not be pleased with him.”[j]

39 However, we are not the kind who shrink back and are destroyed; on the contrary, we keep trusting and thus preserve our lives!

Footnotes

  1. Hebrews 10:7 Psalm 40:7–9(6–8)
  2. Hebrews 10:13 Psalm 110:1
  3. Hebrews 10:16 Jeremiah 31:32(33)
  4. Hebrews 10:17 Jeremiah 31:33(34)
  5. Hebrews 10:22 Ezekiel 36:25
  6. Hebrews 10:27 Isaiah 26:11
  7. Hebrews 10:28 Deuteronomy 17:6; 19:15
  8. Hebrews 10:29 Exodus 24:8
  9. Hebrews 10:30 Deuteronomy 32:35–36
  10. Hebrews 10:38 Habakkuk 2:3-4

Christ’s Sacrifice Once for All

10 The law is only a shadow(A) of the good things(B) that are coming—not the realities themselves.(C) For this reason it can never, by the same sacrifices repeated endlessly year after year, make perfect(D) those who draw near to worship.(E) Otherwise, would they not have stopped being offered? For the worshipers would have been cleansed once for all, and would no longer have felt guilty for their sins.(F) But those sacrifices are an annual reminder of sins.(G) It is impossible for the blood of bulls and goats(H) to take away sins.(I)

Therefore, when Christ came into the world,(J) he said:

“Sacrifice and offering you did not desire,
    but a body you prepared for me;(K)
with burnt offerings and sin offerings
    you were not pleased.
Then I said, ‘Here I am—it is written about me in the scroll(L)
    I have come to do your will, my God.’”[a](M)

First he said, “Sacrifices and offerings, burnt offerings and sin offerings you did not desire, nor were you pleased with them”(N)—though they were offered in accordance with the law. Then he said, “Here I am, I have come to do your will.”(O) He sets aside the first to establish the second. 10 And by that will, we have been made holy(P) through the sacrifice of the body(Q) of Jesus Christ once for all.(R)

11 Day after day every priest stands and performs his religious duties; again and again he offers the same sacrifices,(S) which can never take away sins.(T) 12 But when this priest had offered for all time one sacrifice for sins,(U) he sat down at the right hand of God,(V) 13 and since that time he waits for his enemies to be made his footstool.(W) 14 For by one sacrifice he has made perfect(X) forever those who are being made holy.(Y)

15 The Holy Spirit also testifies(Z) to us about this. First he says:

16 “This is the covenant I will make with them
    after that time, says the Lord.
I will put my laws in their hearts,
    and I will write them on their minds.”[b](AA)

17 Then he adds:

“Their sins and lawless acts
    I will remember no more.”[c](AB)

18 And where these have been forgiven, sacrifice for sin is no longer necessary.

A Call to Persevere in Faith

19 Therefore, brothers and sisters, since we have confidence(AC) to enter the Most Holy Place(AD) by the blood of Jesus, 20 by a new and living way(AE) opened for us through the curtain,(AF) that is, his body, 21 and since we have a great priest(AG) over the house of God,(AH) 22 let us draw near to God(AI) with a sincere heart and with the full assurance that faith brings,(AJ) having our hearts sprinkled to cleanse us from a guilty conscience(AK) and having our bodies washed with pure water.(AL) 23 Let us hold unswervingly to the hope(AM) we profess,(AN) for he who promised is faithful.(AO) 24 And let us consider how we may spur one another on toward love and good deeds,(AP) 25 not giving up meeting together,(AQ) as some are in the habit of doing, but encouraging one another(AR)—and all the more as you see the Day approaching.(AS)

26 If we deliberately keep on sinning(AT) after we have received the knowledge of the truth,(AU) no sacrifice for sins is left, 27 but only a fearful expectation of judgment and of raging fire(AV) that will consume the enemies of God. 28 Anyone who rejected the law of Moses died without mercy on the testimony of two or three witnesses.(AW) 29 How much more severely do you think someone deserves to be punished who has trampled the Son of God(AX) underfoot,(AY) who has treated as an unholy thing the blood of the covenant(AZ) that sanctified them,(BA) and who has insulted the Spirit(BB) of grace?(BC) 30 For we know him who said, “It is mine to avenge; I will repay,”[d](BD) and again, “The Lord will judge his people.”[e](BE) 31 It is a dreadful thing(BF) to fall into the hands(BG) of the living God.(BH)

32 Remember those earlier days after you had received the light,(BI) when you endured in a great conflict full of suffering.(BJ) 33 Sometimes you were publicly exposed to insult and persecution;(BK) at other times you stood side by side with those who were so treated.(BL) 34 You suffered along with those in prison(BM) and joyfully accepted the confiscation of your property, because you knew that you yourselves had better and lasting possessions.(BN) 35 So do not throw away your confidence;(BO) it will be richly rewarded.

36 You need to persevere(BP) so that when you have done the will of God, you will receive what he has promised.(BQ) 37 For,

“In just a little while,
    he who is coming(BR) will come
    and will not delay.”[f](BS)

38 And,

“But my righteous[g] one will live by faith.(BT)
    And I take no pleasure
    in the one who shrinks back.”[h](BU)

39 But we do not belong to those who shrink back and are destroyed, but to those who have faith and are saved.

Footnotes

  1. Hebrews 10:7 Psalm 40:6-8 (see Septuagint)
  2. Hebrews 10:16 Jer. 31:33
  3. Hebrews 10:17 Jer. 31:34
  4. Hebrews 10:30 Deut. 32:35
  5. Hebrews 10:30 Deut. 32:36; Psalm 135:14
  6. Hebrews 10:37 Isaiah 26:20; Hab. 2:3
  7. Hebrews 10:38 Some early manuscripts But the righteous
  8. Hebrews 10:38 Hab. 2:4 (see Septuagint)

10 For the law having a shadow of good things to come, and not the very image of the things, can never with those sacrifices which they offered year by year continually make the comers thereunto perfect.

For then would they not have ceased to be offered? because that the worshippers once purged should have had no more conscience of sins.

But in those sacrifices there is a remembrance again made of sins every year.

For it is not possible that the blood of bulls and of goats should take away sins.

Wherefore when he cometh into the world, he saith, Sacrifice and offering thou wouldest not, but a body hast thou prepared me:

In burnt offerings and sacrifices for sin thou hast had no pleasure.

Then said I, Lo, I come (in the volume of the book it is written of me,) to do thy will, O God.

Above when he said, Sacrifice and offering and burnt offerings and offering for sin thou wouldest not, neither hadst pleasure therein; which are offered by the law;

Then said he, Lo, I come to do thy will, O God. He taketh away the first, that he may establish the second.

10 By the which will we are sanctified through the offering of the body of Jesus Christ once for all.

11 And every priest standeth daily ministering and offering oftentimes the same sacrifices, which can never take away sins:

12 But this man, after he had offered one sacrifice for sins for ever, sat down on the right hand of God;

13 From henceforth expecting till his enemies be made his footstool.

14 For by one offering he hath perfected for ever them that are sanctified.

15 Whereof the Holy Ghost also is a witness to us: for after that he had said before,

16 This is the covenant that I will make with them after those days, saith the Lord, I will put my laws into their hearts, and in their minds will I write them;

17 And their sins and iniquities will I remember no more.

18 Now where remission of these is, there is no more offering for sin.

19 Having therefore, brethren, boldness to enter into the holiest by the blood of Jesus,

20 By a new and living way, which he hath consecrated for us, through the veil, that is to say, his flesh;

21 And having an high priest over the house of God;

22 Let us draw near with a true heart in full assurance of faith, having our hearts sprinkled from an evil conscience, and our bodies washed with pure water.

23 Let us hold fast the profession of our faith without wavering; (for he is faithful that promised;)

24 And let us consider one another to provoke unto love and to good works:

25 Not forsaking the assembling of ourselves together, as the manner of some is; but exhorting one another: and so much the more, as ye see the day approaching.

26 For if we sin wilfully after that we have received the knowledge of the truth, there remaineth no more sacrifice for sins,

27 But a certain fearful looking for of judgment and fiery indignation, which shall devour the adversaries.

28 He that despised Moses' law died without mercy under two or three witnesses:

29 Of how much sorer punishment, suppose ye, shall he be thought worthy, who hath trodden under foot the Son of God, and hath counted the blood of the covenant, wherewith he was sanctified, an unholy thing, and hath done despite unto the Spirit of grace?

30 For we know him that hath said, Vengeance belongeth unto me, I will recompense, saith the Lord. And again, The Lord shall judge his people.

31 It is a fearful thing to fall into the hands of the living God.

32 But call to remembrance the former days, in which, after ye were illuminated, ye endured a great fight of afflictions;

33 Partly, whilst ye were made a gazingstock both by reproaches and afflictions; and partly, whilst ye became companions of them that were so used.

34 For ye had compassion of me in my bonds, and took joyfully the spoiling of your goods, knowing in yourselves that ye have in heaven a better and an enduring substance.

35 Cast not away therefore your confidence, which hath great recompence of reward.

36 For ye have need of patience, that, after ye have done the will of God, ye might receive the promise.

37 For yet a little while, and he that shall come will come, and will not tarry.

38 Now the just shall live by faith: but if any man draw back, my soul shall have no pleasure in him.

39 But we are not of them who draw back unto perdition; but of them that believe to the saving of the soul.