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Gênesis 38-40
O Livro
Gênesis 38-40
O Livro
Judá e Tamar
38 Por esta altura, Judá deixou a sua casa e foi viver em Adulão com um homem chamado Hira. 2 Aí encontrou uma rapariga cananita, com quem casou, filha de um indivíduo de nome Suá. 3-5 Foram viver para Quezibe e tiveram três filhos: Er, Onã e Sela. Ao primeiro foi o pai quem lhe deu o nome, aos outros dois foi a mãe.
6 Quando Er, o mais velho, cresceu, Judá arranjou-lhe casamento com uma moça de nome Tamar. 7 Er tinha uma conduta muito perversa aos olhos do Senhor, por isso, teve de lhe tirar a vida.
8 Então Judá disse a Onã, o irmão a seguir a Er: “Deves casar com Tamar, pois é o que a nossa lei exige do irmão de um homem que tenha morrido, de forma a que o primeiro filho que tiveres com ela seja herdeiro do teu irmão.”
9 Contudo, Onã não estava de acordo em ter filhos que não viessem a ser considerados seus; por isso, embora tenha aceitado esse casamento, quando se deitava com ela deixava a sua semente desperdiçar-se fora dela, para evitar ter filhos que se tornassem descendentes do irmão. 10 Isto que ele fazia era reprovado pelo Senhor; por isso, também lhe tirou a vida.
11 Então Judá disse a Tamar, a sua nora, que não se casasse, mas voltasse para a casa do pai e ali ficasse, no estado de viúva, até que Sela, o seu filho mais novo crescesse e tivesse idade bastante para casar com ela. Contudo, ao dizer isto a Tamar tinha receio que Deus também viesse a matar este filho, tal como os outros dois. E Tamar foi para casa dos seus pais.
12 Com o decorrer do tempo, veio também a morrer a mulher de Judá. Este, depois de passar o tempo do luto, foi com seu amigo Hira, o adulamita, vigiar o trabalho dos tosquiadores dos seus rebanhos em Timna.
13 E disseram a Tamar que o sogro ia a Timna ver os trabalhos da tosquia. 14 Ela, constatando que Judá não tinha nenhuma intenção de deixar que o filho mais novo casasse com ela, apesar do moço já ser grande, tirou os vestidos de viúva, cobriu o rosto com um véu, arranjou-se de forma a que não a reconhecessem e foi sentar-se à beira do caminho, à entrada da localidade de Enaim, na estrada para Timna.
15 Judá reparou nela, quando passava por aquele sítio, e tomou-a por uma mulher que se quisesse vender, pois não a reconheceu por ter o rosto coberto. 16 Por isso, parou e foi ter com ela, convidou-a a deitar-se com ele, não sabendo que se tratava da nora. “Quanto me dás?”, perguntou-lhe. 17 “Mando-te um cabrito do meu rebanho.” Ela replicou, “E que penhor me dás como garantia do que prometes?”
18 “Bom, que queres tu que te dê?”, perguntou. “Quero o teu selo identificador, o teu cordão e a vara que tens na mão”, respondeu-lhe. Ele aceitou e ela foi com Judá e ficou grávida. 19 Depois tornou a pôr os vestidos de viúva que trazia de costume.
20 Judá pediu ao seu amigo Hira, o adulamita, que levasse à mulher o cabrito prometido e trouxesse os penhores que lhe deixara. Contudo, quando foi à procura dela, não conseguiu encontrá-la. 21 E andou a perguntar aos homens do sítio se sabiam da prostituta ritual que se punha junto ao caminho, ali à entrada de Enaim. “Nós aqui nunca tivemos uma mulher dessas”, responderam-lhe. 22 E voltou para Judá, dizendo-lhe que não a tinha encontrado e contando-lhe o que os homens de lá tinham dito.
23 “Paciência. Que fique então com o que já lá tem, para que não venhamos a cair em ridículo. Fizemos o que devíamos; mandei-lhe o cabrito, mas tu não a achaste.”
24 Uns três meses mais tarde vieram avisar Judá que Tamar, a sua nora, estava grávida, por se ter tornado prostituta. “Tragam-na, para que seja queimada!”, gritou ele.
25 Quando a foram buscar ela mandou um recado ao sogro: “O homem que é dono deste selo identificador, deste cordão e desta vara é o pai do filho que estou à espera. Reconheces?”
26 Judá admitiu que as coisas eram dele e disse: “Ela é mais justa do que eu, porque não cumpri a minha promessa de lhe dar o meu filho Sela.” No entanto, não casou com ela.
27 No devido tempo Tamar deu à luz dois gémeos. 28 Quando estavam a nascer, a mão de um deles apareceu de fora e a parteira pôs-lhe um fio vermelho à volta do pulso, assinalando-o como tendo sido o primeiro a aparecer. 29 Depois tornou a meter a mão dentro e foi o outro que veio a nascer primeiro. “Como é que conseguiste nascer primeiro?”, disse ela. E ficou a ser chamado Perez (brecha). 30 Logo depois nasceu o irmão com o fio no pulso e chamaram-lhe Zera (brilho).[a]
José e a mulher de Potifar
39 Quando José chegou ao Egito, cativo dos negociantes ismaelitas, foi comprado por Potifar membro da corte do Faraó. Potifar era chefe da casa militar do rei e responsável pelo palácio real.
2 O Senhor estava com José, na casa do seu senhor, de tal forma que tudo o que fazia resultava bem. 3 O próprio Potifar reparou nisso e deu-se conta de que o Senhor estava com José de uma forma especial. 4 José tornou-se o seu favorito e depressa ficou com a responsabilidade da administração da casa de Potifar e dos seus negócios pessoais. 5 Logo o Senhor começou a abençoar o próprio Potifar por causa de José. Todos os seus assuntos corriam bem e floresciam as propriedades no campo, assim como os rebanhos que tinha; 6 de tal maneira que Potifar acabou por deixar sobre José a responsabilidade de tudo o que era seu. Não se preocupava fosse com o que fosse a não ser com o que queria comer cada dia.
7 José era um belo moço com uma apresentação muito agradável. Por esse tempo a mulher de Potifar começou a reparar nele e acabou por convidá-lo a dormir consigo. 8 Ele recusou: “O meu patrão confia-me tudo o que tem. 9 Ele próprio não tem mais autoridade do que eu aqui em casa! Não me privou de coisa nenhuma a não ser de ti, porque és a sua mulher. Como é que eu ia fazer uma coisa assim tão grave? Seria um grande pecado contra Deus!” 10 Ela continuava a convidá-lo todos os dias, apesar de ele sempre recusar.
11 Um dia, estava José em casa cumprindo os serviços habituais e ninguém mais se encontrava ali. 12 Então ela veio e puxou-o pela camisa, incitando-o a ir com ela. Mas ele preferiu deixar-lhe a camisa nas mãos e afastar-se rapidamente para fora de casa. 13 Quando viu que lhe tinha ficado com a camisa, 14 começou a gritar, de tal forma que as pessoas dali perto, à volta da casa, acorreram. “O meu marido trouxe para casa este escravo hebreu para nos ofender!”, exclamava. “Tentou violentar-me e, quando comecei a gritar, 15 fugiu; mas deixou aqui a camisa.”
16 E pôs a roupa perto dela. Quando o marido chegou 17 contou-lhe a sua história: “Esse escravo hebreu que trouxeste cá para casa veio ter comigo e tentou violentar-me. 18 Salvei-me porque comecei a gritar com toda a força. Ele fugiu, mas deixou aqui a camisa.”
19 Ao ouvir aquilo o marido ficou furioso. 20 Pôs José na prisão, onde se encontravam outros presos do rei. 21 Contudo, também ali o Senhor continuava ao lado de José, beneficiando-o com a sua bondade; e fez com que caísse na simpatia do chefe carcereiro. 22 Por isso, este último depressa lhe confiou toda a responsabilidade da administração da prisão, e até todos os outros prisioneiros estavam ao seu cuidado. 23 O carcereiro não se ocupava de mais nada, porque José tomava conta de tudo, e como o Senhor estava com ele tudo lhe corria bem.
O copeiro e o padeiro
40 1-2 Passado algum tempo aconteceu que o rei do Egito teve de castigar o seu padeiro-chefe, assim como o copeiro-chefe; furioso 3 meteu-os ambos na mesma prisão em que estava José, na fortaleza da guarda de Potifar, seu chefe militar. 4 Ali ficaram por bastante tempo e o carcereiro pô-los sob a vigilância de José.
5 Certa noite cada um deles teve um sonho. 6 Na manhã seguinte José reparou que estavam perturbados com alguma coisa e perguntou-lhes: 7 “O que é que se passa com vocês?”
8 “É que tivemos, cada um de nós, um sonho e não há aqui ninguém que nos explique o seu significado.” José respondeu: “Bem, isso de interpretar sonhos é com Deus; mas contem-me lá o que sonharam.”
9 O copeiro-chefe foi o primeiro a contar: “Eu sonhei com uma vinha 10 que tinha três ramos com rebentos e que florescia; e logo apareceram cachos maduros. 11 Como tinha na mão a taça do Faraó, peguei nos cachos, espremi-os e dei-lhe a beber.”
12 “Eu sei o significado do teu sonho”, disse José. “Os três ramos são três dias. 13 Dentro de três dias o Faraó vai tirar-te da prisão e colocar-te de novo na função de copeiro que tinhas antes. 14 Peço-te que te lembres de mim quando isso acontecer e retomares os favores do rei. Fala-lhe de mim para que me tire daqui; 15 porque fui roubado da minha terra, dos hebreus, e estou preso sem nada ter feito para o merecer.”
16 Quando o padeiro-chefe viu que o sonho do colega tinha uma explicação tão favorável, quis também contar o seu. “Quanto a mim, no meu sonho, tinha três cestos à cabeça. 17 No cesto de cima havia toda a espécie de doçarias e de bolos ao gosto do Faraó; mas as aves vieram e comeram tudo.”
18 “Esses três cestos também são três dias”, disse-lhe José. 19 “Daqui a três dias mandará cortar-te a cabeça, pendurar o corpo num poste e as aves virão comer-te a carne.”
20 Três dias depois o Faraó festejou o seu aniversário e convidou para um banquete toda a gente da sua corte. Mandou chamar o copeiro-chefe, assim como o padeiro-chefe, e foram buscá-los à prisão. 21 Ao primeiro repô-lo no seu cargo anterior; 22 mas ao segundo mandou enforcá-lo, tal como José tinha previsto.
23 No entanto, o copeiro-chefe do Faraó depressa esqueceu o que se passara entre ele e José.
Footnotes
- 38.30 Este brilho refere-se à cor rubra do fio atado ao pulso, que se assemelhava à cor do céu ao amanhecer.
Genesis 38-40
New International Version
Genesis 38-40
New International Version
Judah and Tamar
38 At that time, Judah(A) left his brothers and went down to stay with a man of Adullam(B) named Hirah.(C) 2 There Judah met the daughter of a Canaanite man named Shua.(D) He married her and made love to her; 3 she became pregnant and gave birth to a son, who was named Er.(E) 4 She conceived again and gave birth to a son and named him Onan.(F) 5 She gave birth to still another son and named him Shelah.(G) It was at Kezib that she gave birth to him.
6 Judah got a wife for Er, his firstborn, and her name was Tamar.(H) 7 But Er, Judah’s firstborn, was wicked in the Lord’s sight;(I) so the Lord put him to death.(J)
8 Then Judah said to Onan, “Sleep with your brother’s wife and fulfill your duty to her as a brother-in-law to raise up offspring for your brother.”(K) 9 But Onan knew that the child would not be his; so whenever he slept with his brother’s wife, he spilled his semen on the ground to keep from providing offspring for his brother. 10 What he did was wicked in the Lord’s sight; so the Lord put him to death also.(L)
11 Judah then said to his daughter-in-law(M) Tamar,(N) “Live as a widow in your father’s household(O) until my son Shelah(P) grows up.”(Q) For he thought, “He may die too, just like his brothers.” So Tamar went to live in her father’s household.
12 After a long time Judah’s wife, the daughter of Shua,(R) died. When Judah had recovered from his grief, he went up to Timnah,(S) to the men who were shearing his sheep,(T) and his friend Hirah the Adullamite(U) went with him.
13 When Tamar(V) was told, “Your father-in-law is on his way to Timnah to shear his sheep,”(W) 14 she took off her widow’s clothes,(X) covered herself with a veil(Y) to disguise herself, and then sat down(Z) at the entrance to Enaim, which is on the road to Timnah.(AA) For she saw that, though Shelah(AB) had now grown up, she had not been given to him as his wife.
15 When Judah saw her, he thought she was a prostitute,(AC) for she had covered her face. 16 Not realizing(AD) that she was his daughter-in-law,(AE) he went over to her by the roadside and said, “Come now, let me sleep with you.”(AF)
“And what will you give me to sleep with you?”(AG) she asked.
17 “I’ll send you a young goat(AH) from my flock,” he said.
“Will you give me something as a pledge(AI) until you send it?” she asked.
18 He said, “What pledge should I give you?”
“Your seal(AJ) and its cord, and the staff(AK) in your hand,” she answered. So he gave them to her and slept with her, and she became pregnant by him.(AL) 19 After she left, she took off her veil and put on her widow’s clothes(AM) again.
20 Meanwhile Judah sent the young goat by his friend the Adullamite(AN) in order to get his pledge(AO) back from the woman, but he did not find her. 21 He asked the men who lived there, “Where is the shrine prostitute(AP) who was beside the road at Enaim?”
“There hasn’t been any shrine prostitute here,” they said.
22 So he went back to Judah and said, “I didn’t find her. Besides, the men who lived there said, ‘There hasn’t been any shrine prostitute here.’”
23 Then Judah said, “Let her keep what she has,(AQ) or we will become a laughingstock.(AR) After all, I did send her this young goat, but you didn’t find her.”
24 About three months later Judah was told, “Your daughter-in-law Tamar is guilty of prostitution, and as a result she is now pregnant.”
Judah said, “Bring her out and have her burned to death!”(AS)
25 As she was being brought out, she sent a message to her father-in-law. “I am pregnant by the man who owns these,” she said. And she added, “See if you recognize whose seal and cord and staff these are.”(AT)
26 Judah recognized them and said, “She is more righteous than I,(AU) since I wouldn’t give her to my son Shelah.(AV)” And he did not sleep with her again.
27 When the time came for her to give birth, there were twin boys in her womb.(AW) 28 As she was giving birth, one of them put out his hand; so the midwife(AX) took a scarlet thread and tied it on his wrist(AY) and said, “This one came out first.” 29 But when he drew back his hand, his brother came out,(AZ) and she said, “So this is how you have broken out!” And he was named Perez.[a](BA) 30 Then his brother, who had the scarlet thread on his wrist,(BB) came out. And he was named Zerah.[b](BC)
Joseph and Potiphar’s Wife
39 Now Joseph(BD) had been taken down to Egypt. Potiphar, an Egyptian who was one of Pharaoh’s officials, the captain of the guard,(BE) bought him from the Ishmaelites who had taken him there.(BF)
2 The Lord was with Joseph(BG) so that he prospered, and he lived in the house of his Egyptian master. 3 When his master saw that the Lord was with him(BH) and that the Lord gave him success in everything he did,(BI) 4 Joseph found favor in his eyes(BJ) and became his attendant. Potiphar put him in charge of his household,(BK) and he entrusted to his care everything he owned.(BL) 5 From the time he put him in charge of his household and of all that he owned, the Lord blessed the household(BM) of the Egyptian because of Joseph.(BN) The blessing of the Lord was on everything Potiphar had, both in the house and in the field.(BO) 6 So Potiphar left everything he had in Joseph’s care;(BP) with Joseph in charge, he did not concern himself with anything except the food he ate.
Now Joseph was well-built and handsome,(BQ) 7 and after a while his master’s wife took notice of Joseph and said, “Come to bed with me!”(BR)
8 But he refused.(BS) “With me in charge,” he told her, “my master does not concern himself with anything in the house; everything he owns he has entrusted to my care.(BT) 9 No one is greater in this house than I am.(BU) My master has withheld nothing from me except you, because you are his wife. How then could I do such a wicked thing and sin against God?”(BV) 10 And though she spoke to Joseph day after day, he refused(BW) to go to bed with her or even be with her.
11 One day he went into the house to attend to his duties,(BX) and none of the household servants(BY) was inside. 12 She caught him by his cloak(BZ) and said, “Come to bed with me!”(CA) But he left his cloak in her hand and ran out of the house.(CB)
13 When she saw that he had left his cloak in her hand and had run out of the house, 14 she called her household servants.(CC) “Look,” she said to them, “this Hebrew(CD) has been brought to us to make sport of us!(CE) He came in here to sleep with me, but I screamed.(CF) 15 When he heard me scream for help, he left his cloak beside me and ran out of the house.”(CG)
16 She kept his cloak beside her until his master came home. 17 Then she told him this story:(CH) “That Hebrew(CI) slave(CJ) you brought us came to me to make sport of me. 18 But as soon as I screamed for help, he left his cloak beside me and ran out of the house.”
19 When his master heard the story his wife told him, saying, “This is how your slave treated me,” he burned with anger.(CK) 20 Joseph’s master took him and put him in prison,(CL) the place where the king’s prisoners were confined.
But while Joseph was there in the prison, 21 the Lord was with him;(CM) he showed him kindness(CN) and granted him favor in the eyes of the prison warden.(CO) 22 So the warden put Joseph in charge of all those held in the prison, and he was made responsible for all that was done there.(CP) 23 The warden paid no attention to anything under Joseph’s(CQ) care, because the Lord was with Joseph and gave him success in whatever he did.(CR)
The Cupbearer and the Baker
40 Some time later, the cupbearer(CS) and the baker(CT) of the king of Egypt offended their master, the king of Egypt. 2 Pharaoh was angry(CU) with his two officials,(CV) the chief cupbearer and the chief baker, 3 and put them in custody in the house of the captain of the guard,(CW) in the same prison where Joseph was confined. 4 The captain of the guard(CX) assigned them to Joseph,(CY) and he attended them.
After they had been in custody(CZ) for some time, 5 each of the two men—the cupbearer and the baker of the king of Egypt, who were being held in prison—had a dream(DA) the same night, and each dream had a meaning of its own.(DB)
6 When Joseph came to them the next morning, he saw that they were dejected. 7 So he asked Pharaoh’s officials who were in custody(DC) with him in his master’s house, “Why do you look so sad today?”(DD)
8 “We both had dreams,” they answered, “but there is no one to interpret them.”(DE)
Then Joseph said to them, “Do not interpretations belong to God?(DF) Tell me your dreams.”
9 So the chief cupbearer(DG) told Joseph his dream. He said to him, “In my dream I saw a vine in front of me, 10 and on the vine were three branches. As soon as it budded, it blossomed,(DH) and its clusters ripened into grapes. 11 Pharaoh’s cup was in my hand, and I took the grapes, squeezed them into Pharaoh’s cup and put the cup in his hand.”
12 “This is what it means,(DI)” Joseph said to him. “The three branches are three days.(DJ) 13 Within three days(DK) Pharaoh will lift up your head(DL) and restore you to your position, and you will put Pharaoh’s cup in his hand, just as you used to do when you were his cupbearer.(DM) 14 But when all goes well with you, remember me(DN) and show me kindness;(DO) mention me to Pharaoh(DP) and get me out of this prison. 15 I was forcibly carried off from the land of the Hebrews,(DQ) and even here I have done nothing to deserve being put in a dungeon.”(DR)
16 When the chief baker(DS) saw that Joseph had given a favorable interpretation,(DT) he said to Joseph, “I too had a dream: On my head were three baskets(DU) of bread.[c] 17 In the top basket were all kinds of baked goods for Pharaoh, but the birds were eating them out of the basket on my head.”
18 “This is what it means,” Joseph said. “The three baskets are three days.(DV) 19 Within three days(DW) Pharaoh will lift off your head(DX) and impale your body on a pole.(DY) And the birds will eat away your flesh.”(DZ)
20 Now the third day(EA) was Pharaoh’s birthday,(EB) and he gave a feast for all his officials.(EC) He lifted up the heads of the chief cupbearer and the chief baker(ED) in the presence of his officials: 21 He restored the chief cupbearer(EE) to his position,(EF) so that he once again put the cup into Pharaoh’s hand(EG)— 22 but he impaled the chief baker,(EH) just as Joseph had said to them in his interpretation.(EI)
23 The chief cupbearer, however, did not remember Joseph; he forgot him.(EJ)
Footnotes
- Genesis 38:29 Perez means breaking out.
- Genesis 38:30 Zerah can mean scarlet or brightness.
- Genesis 40:16 Or three wicker baskets
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