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11 Je dis donc: Dieu a-t-il rejeté son peuple? Loin de là! Car moi aussi je suis Israélite, de la postérité d'Abraham, de la tribu de Benjamin.

Dieu n'a point rejeté son peuple, qu'il a connu d'avance. Ne savez-vous pas ce que l'Écriture rapporte d'Élie, comment il adresse à Dieu cette plainte contre Israël:

Seigneur, ils ont tué tes prophètes, ils ont renversé tes autels; je suis resté moi seul, et ils cherchent à m'ôter la vie?

Mais quelle réponse Dieu lui fait-il? Je me suis réservé sept mille hommes, qui n'ont point fléchi le genou devant Baal.

De même aussi dans le temps présent il y un reste, selon l'élection de la grâce.

Or, si c'est par grâce, ce n'est plus par les oeuvres; autrement la grâce n'est plus une grâce. Et si c'est par les oeuvres, ce n'est plus une grâce; autrement l'oeuvre n'est plus une oeuvre.

Quoi donc? Ce qu'Israël cherche, il ne l'a pas obtenu, mais l'élection l'a obtenu, tandis que les autres ont été endurcis,

selon qu'il est écrit: Dieu leur a donné un esprit d'assoupissement, Des yeux pour ne point voir, Et des oreilles pour ne point entendre, Jusqu'à ce jour. Et David dit:

Que leur table soit pour eux un piège, Un filet, une occasion de chute, et une rétribution!

10 Que leurs yeux soient obscurcis pour ne point voir, Et tiens leur dos continuellement courbé!

11 Je dis donc: Est-ce pour tomber qu'ils ont bronché? Loin de là! Mais, par leur chute, le salut est devenu accessible aux païens, afin qu'ils fussent excités à la jalousie.

12 Or, si leur chute a été la richesse du monde, et leur amoindrissement la richesse des païens, combien plus en sera-t-il ainsi quand ils se convertiront tous.

13 Je vous le dis à vous, païens: en tant que je suis apôtre des païens, je glorifie mon ministère,

14 afin, s'il est possible, d'exciter la jalousie de ceux de ma race, et d'en sauver quelques-uns.

15 Car si leur rejet a été la réconciliation du monde, que sera leur réintégration, sinon une vie d'entre les morts?

16 Or, si les prémices sont saintes, la masse l'est aussi; et si la racine est sainte, les branches le sont aussi.

17 Mais si quelques-unes des branches ont été retranchées, et si toi, qui était un olivier sauvage, tu as été enté à leur place, et rendu participant de la racine et de la graisse de l'olivier,

18 ne te glorifie pas aux dépens de ces branches. Si tu te glorifies, sache que ce n'est pas toi qui portes la racine, mais que c'est la racine qui te porte.

19 Tu diras donc: Les branches ont été retranchées, afin que moi je fusse enté.

20 Cela est vrai; elles ont été retranchées pour cause d'incrédulité, et toi, tu subsistes par la foi. Ne t'abandonne pas à l'orgueil, mais crains;

21 car si Dieu n'a pas épargné les branches naturelles, il ne t'épargnera pas non plus.

22 Considère donc la bonté et la sévérité de Dieu: sévérité envers ceux qui sont tombés, et bonté de Dieu envers toi, si tu demeures ferme dans cette bonté; autrement, tu seras aussi retranché.

23 Eux de même, s'ils ne persistent pas dans l'incrédulité, ils seront entés; car Dieu est puissant pour les enter de nouveau.

24 Si toi, tu as été coupé de l'olivier naturellement sauvage, et enté contrairement à ta nature sur l'olivier franc, à plus forte raison eux seront-ils entés selon leur nature sur leur propre olivier.

25 Car je ne veux pas, frères, que vous ignoriez ce mystère, afin que vous ne vous regardiez point comme sages, c'est qu'une partie d'Israël est tombée dans l'endurcissement, jusqu'à ce que la totalité des païens soit entrée.

26 Et ainsi tout Israël sera sauvé, selon qu'il est écrit: Le libérateur viendra de Sion, Et il détournera de Jacob les impiétés;

27 Et ce sera mon alliance avec eux, Lorsque j'ôterai leurs péchés.

28 En ce qui concerne l'Évangile, ils sont ennemis à cause de vous; mais en ce qui concerne l'élection, ils sont aimés à cause de leurs pères.

29 Car Dieu ne se repent pas de ses dons et de son appel.

30 De même que vous avez autrefois désobéi à Dieu et que par leur désobéissance vous avez maintenant obtenu miséricorde,

31 de même ils ont maintenant désobéi, afin que, par la miséricorde qui vous a été faite, ils obtiennent aussi miséricorde.

32 Car Dieu a renfermé tous les hommes dans la désobéissance, pour faire miséricorde à tous.

33 O profondeur de la richesse, de la sagesse et de la science de Dieu! Que ses jugements sont insondables, et ses voies incompréhensibles! Car

34 Qui a connu la pensée du Seigneur, Ou qui a été son conseiller?

35 Qui lui a donné le premier, pour qu'il ait à recevoir en retour?

36 C'est de lui, par lui, et pour lui que sont toutes choses. A lui la gloire dans tous les siècles! Amen!

God’s Mercy on Israel

11 I ask, then, has God rejected his own people, the nation of Israel? Of course not! I myself am an Israelite, a descendant of Abraham and a member of the tribe of Benjamin.

No, God has not rejected his own people, whom he chose from the very beginning. Do you realize what the Scriptures say about this? Elijah the prophet complained to God about the people of Israel and said, Lord, they have killed your prophets and torn down your altars. I am the only one left, and now they are trying to kill me, too.”[a]

And do you remember God’s reply? He said, “No, I have 7,000 others who have never bowed down to Baal!”[b]

It is the same today, for a few of the people of Israel[c] have remained faithful because of God’s grace—his undeserved kindness in choosing them. And since it is through God’s kindness, then it is not by their good works. For in that case, God’s grace would not be what it really is—free and undeserved.

So this is the situation: Most of the people of Israel have not found the favor of God they are looking for so earnestly. A few have—the ones God has chosen—but the hearts of the rest were hardened. As the Scriptures say,

“God has put them into a deep sleep.
To this day he has shut their eyes so they do not see,
    and closed their ears so they do not hear.”[d]

Likewise, David said,

“Let their bountiful table become a snare,
    a trap that makes them think all is well.
Let their blessings cause them to stumble,
    and let them get what they deserve.
10 Let their eyes go blind so they cannot see,
    and let their backs be bent forever.”[e]

11 Did God’s people stumble and fall beyond recovery? Of course not! They were disobedient, so God made salvation available to the Gentiles. But he wanted his own people to become jealous and claim it for themselves. 12 Now if the Gentiles were enriched because the people of Israel turned down God’s offer of salvation, think how much greater a blessing the world will share when they finally accept it.

13 I am saying all this especially for you Gentiles. God has appointed me as the apostle to the Gentiles. I stress this, 14 for I want somehow to make the people of Israel jealous of what you Gentiles have, so I might save some of them. 15 For since their rejection meant that God offered salvation to the rest of the world, their acceptance will be even more wonderful. It will be life for those who were dead! 16 And since Abraham and the other patriarchs were holy, their descendants will also be holy—just as the entire batch of dough is holy because the portion given as an offering is holy. For if the roots of the tree are holy, the branches will be, too.

17 But some of these branches from Abraham’s tree—some of the people of Israel—have been broken off. And you Gentiles, who were branches from a wild olive tree, have been grafted in. So now you also receive the blessing God has promised Abraham and his children, sharing in the rich nourishment from the root of God’s special olive tree. 18 But you must not brag about being grafted in to replace the branches that were broken off. You are just a branch, not the root.

19 “Well,” you may say, “those branches were broken off to make room for me.” 20 Yes, but remember—those branches were broken off because they didn’t believe in Christ, and you are there because you do believe. So don’t think highly of yourself, but fear what could happen. 21 For if God did not spare the original branches, he won’t[f] spare you either.

22 Notice how God is both kind and severe. He is severe toward those who disobeyed, but kind to you if you continue to trust in his kindness. But if you stop trusting, you also will be cut off. 23 And if the people of Israel turn from their unbelief, they will be grafted in again, for God has the power to graft them back into the tree. 24 You, by nature, were a branch cut from a wild olive tree. So if God was willing to do something contrary to nature by grafting you into his cultivated tree, he will be far more eager to graft the original branches back into the tree where they belong.

God’s Mercy Is for Everyone

25 I want you to understand this mystery, dear brothers and sisters,[g] so that you will not feel proud about yourselves. Some of the people of Israel have hard hearts, but this will last only until the full number of Gentiles comes to Christ. 26 And so all Israel will be saved. As the Scriptures say,

“The one who rescues will come from Jerusalem,[h]
    and he will turn Israel[i] away from ungodliness.
27 And this is my covenant with them,
    that I will take away their sins.”[j]

28 Many of the people of Israel are now enemies of the Good News, and this benefits you Gentiles. Yet they are still the people he loves because he chose their ancestors Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob. 29 For God’s gifts and his call can never be withdrawn. 30 Once, you Gentiles were rebels against God, but when the people of Israel rebelled against him, God was merciful to you instead. 31 Now they are the rebels, and God’s mercy has come to you so that they, too, will share[k] in God’s mercy. 32 For God has imprisoned everyone in disobedience so he could have mercy on everyone.

33 Oh, how great are God’s riches and wisdom and knowledge! How impossible it is for us to understand his decisions and his ways!

34 For who can know the Lord’s thoughts?
    Who knows enough to give him advice?[l]
35 And who has given him so much
    that he needs to pay it back?[m]

36 For everything comes from him and exists by his power and is intended for his glory. All glory to him forever! Amen.

Footnotes

  1. 11:3 1 Kgs 19:10, 14.
  2. 11:4 1 Kgs 19:18.
  3. 11:5 Greek for a remnant.
  4. 11:8 Isa 29:10; Deut 29:4.
  5. 11:9-10 Ps 69:22-23 (Greek version).
  6. 11:21 Some manuscripts read perhaps he won’t.
  7. 11:25 Greek brothers.
  8. 11:26a Greek from Zion.
  9. 11:26b Greek Jacob.
  10. 11:26-27 Isa 59:20-21; 27:9 (Greek version).
  11. 11:31 Other manuscripts read will now share; still others read will someday share.
  12. 11:34 Isa 40:13 (Greek version).
  13. 11:35 See Job 41:11.

The Remnant of Israel

11 I ask then: Did God reject his people? By no means!(A) I am an Israelite myself, a descendant of Abraham,(B) from the tribe of Benjamin.(C) God did not reject his people,(D) whom he foreknew.(E) Don’t you know what Scripture says in the passage about Elijah—how he appealed to God against Israel: “Lord, they have killed your prophets and torn down your altars; I am the only one left, and they are trying to kill me”[a]?(F) And what was God’s answer to him? “I have reserved for myself seven thousand who have not bowed the knee to Baal.”[b](G) So too, at the present time there is a remnant(H) chosen by grace.(I) And if by grace, then it cannot be based on works;(J) if it were, grace would no longer be grace.

What then? What the people of Israel sought so earnestly they did not obtain.(K) The elect among them did, but the others were hardened,(L) as it is written:

“God gave them a spirit of stupor,
    eyes that could not see
    and ears that could not hear,(M)
to this very day.”[c](N)

And David says:

“May their table become a snare and a trap,
    a stumbling block and a retribution for them.
10 May their eyes be darkened so they cannot see,(O)
    and their backs be bent forever.”[d](P)

Ingrafted Branches

11 Again I ask: Did they stumble so as to fall beyond recovery? Not at all!(Q) Rather, because of their transgression, salvation has come to the Gentiles(R) to make Israel envious.(S) 12 But if their transgression means riches for the world, and their loss means riches for the Gentiles,(T) how much greater riches will their full inclusion bring!

13 I am talking to you Gentiles. Inasmuch as I am the apostle to the Gentiles,(U) I take pride in my ministry 14 in the hope that I may somehow arouse my own people to envy(V) and save(W) some of them. 15 For if their rejection brought reconciliation(X) to the world, what will their acceptance be but life from the dead?(Y) 16 If the part of the dough offered as firstfruits(Z) is holy, then the whole batch is holy; if the root is holy, so are the branches.

17 If some of the branches have been broken off,(AA) and you, though a wild olive shoot, have been grafted in among the others(AB) and now share in the nourishing sap from the olive root, 18 do not consider yourself to be superior to those other branches. If you do, consider this: You do not support the root, but the root supports you.(AC) 19 You will say then, “Branches were broken off so that I could be grafted in.” 20 Granted. But they were broken off because of unbelief, and you stand by faith.(AD) Do not be arrogant,(AE) but tremble.(AF) 21 For if God did not spare the natural branches, he will not spare you either.

22 Consider therefore the kindness(AG) and sternness of God: sternness to those who fell, but kindness to you, provided that you continue(AH) in his kindness. Otherwise, you also will be cut off.(AI) 23 And if they do not persist in unbelief, they will be grafted in, for God is able to graft them in again.(AJ) 24 After all, if you were cut out of an olive tree that is wild by nature, and contrary to nature were grafted into a cultivated olive tree,(AK) how much more readily will these, the natural branches, be grafted into their own olive tree!

All Israel Will Be Saved

25 I do not want you to be ignorant(AL) of this mystery,(AM) brothers and sisters, so that you may not be conceited:(AN) Israel has experienced a hardening(AO) in part until the full number of the Gentiles has come in,(AP) 26 and in this way[e] all Israel will be saved.(AQ) As it is written:

“The deliverer will come from Zion;
    he will turn godlessness away from Jacob.
27 And this is[f] my covenant with them
    when I take away their sins.”[g](AR)

28 As far as the gospel is concerned, they are enemies(AS) for your sake; but as far as election is concerned, they are loved on account of the patriarchs,(AT) 29 for God’s gifts and his call(AU) are irrevocable.(AV) 30 Just as you who were at one time disobedient(AW) to God have now received mercy as a result of their disobedience, 31 so they too have now become disobedient in order that they too may now[h] receive mercy as a result of God’s mercy to you. 32 For God has bound everyone over to disobedience(AX) so that he may have mercy on them all.

Doxology

33 Oh, the depth of the riches(AY) of the wisdom and[i] knowledge of God!(AZ)
    How unsearchable his judgments,
    and his paths beyond tracing out!(BA)
34 “Who has known the mind of the Lord?
    Or who has been his counselor?”[j](BB)
35 “Who has ever given to God,
    that God should repay them?”[k](BC)
36 For from him and through him and for him are all things.(BD)
    To him be the glory forever! Amen.(BE)

Footnotes

  1. Romans 11:3 1 Kings 19:10,14
  2. Romans 11:4 1 Kings 19:18
  3. Romans 11:8 Deut. 29:4; Isaiah 29:10
  4. Romans 11:10 Psalm 69:22,23
  5. Romans 11:26 Or and so
  6. Romans 11:27 Or will be
  7. Romans 11:27 Isaiah 59:20,21; 27:9 (see Septuagint); Jer. 31:33,34
  8. Romans 11:31 Some manuscripts do not have now.
  9. Romans 11:33 Or riches and the wisdom and the
  10. Romans 11:34 Isaiah 40:13
  11. Romans 11:35 Job 41:11