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Phục Truyền Luật Lệ 5
Vietnamese Bible: Easy-to-Read Version

Mười điều răn

5 Mô-se kêu gọi tất cả dân Ít-ra-en lại và bảo: “Hỡi Ít-ra-en, hãy nghe những luật lệ ta ban hành cho các ngươi hôm nay. Hãy học tập và cẩn thận vâng theo. 2 CHÚA là Thượng Đế đã lập giao ước với chúng ta tại núi Si-nai. 3 Ngài chẳng lập giao ước nầy với tổ tiên chúng ta, nhưng lập với chúng ta là những kẻ đang sống hôm nay. 4 CHÚA đã phán cùng các ngươi mặt đối mặt từ trong đám lửa trên núi. 5 Lúc ấy ta đứng giữa CHÚA và các ngươi để bảo các ngươi những lời CHÚA truyền dạy vì các ngươi sợ đám lửa nên không dám lên núi. CHÚA phán rằng:

6 Ta là CHÚA, Thượng Đế các ngươi; ta đã mang các ngươi ra khỏi xứ Ai-cập là nơi ngươi làm nô lệ.

7 Ngoài ta, ngươi không được thờ thần nào khác.

8 Ngươi không được làm hình tượng cho mình hay bất cứ tượng thờ nào giống các vật trên trời cao kia hay dưới đất thấp hoặc dưới nước. 9 Ngươi không được thờ lạy hay phục vụ bất cứ thần tượng nào, vì ta là CHÚA, Thượng Đế các ngươi là Thượng Đế ganh tị. Nếu kẻ nào phạm tội và ghét ta, ta sẽ trừng phạt con cái luôn đến cả cháu chít. 10 Nhưng ta sẽ làm ơn đến ngàn đời cho những ai yêu ta và vâng giữ mệnh lệnh ta.

11 Các ngươi không được lạm dụng danh CHÚA, vì CHÚA sẽ phạt bất cứ ai dùng danh Ngài một cách bừa bãi.

12 Hãy giữ ngày Sa-bát làm ngày thánh, như CHÚA là Thượng Đế đã truyền dặn ngươi. 13 Các ngươi có thể làm mọi việc sáu ngày trong tuần, 14 nhưng ngày thứ bảy là ngày nghỉ của CHÚA là Thượng Đế các ngươi. Trong ngày đó, ngươi cùng con trai, con gái, tôi trai tớ gái, bò, lừa hay bất cứ thú vật nào hoặc những người ngoại quốc sống trong thành phố các ngươi, không ai được làm việc gì. Như vậy, ngươi sẽ cho các đầy tớ được nghỉ ngơi như mình. 15 Hãy nhớ các ngươi cũng đã từng là nô lệ tại Ai-cập và CHÚA là Thượng Đế đã đem các ngươi ra khỏi đó bằng quyền năng lớn lao của Ngài. Vì thế CHÚA là Thượng Đế đã truyền cho các ngươi phải nghỉ ngơi vào ngày Sa-bát.

16 Hãy hiếu kính cha mẹ ngươi, như CHÚA là Thượng Đế các ngươi đã phán dạy, để ngươi được sống lâu trên đất, và được thịnh vượng trong xứ CHÚA là Thượng Đế sẽ ban cho các ngươi.

17 Ngươi không được giết người.

18 Ngươi không được ngoại tình.

19 Ngươi không được trộm cắp.

20 Ngươi không được làm chứng gian để hại người láng giềng.

21 Ngươi không được ham muốn vợ người khác. Ngươi không được ham muốn nhà cửa, đất đai, tôi trai tớ gái, bò lừa hay bất cứ vật gì thuộc về người láng giềng mình.”

22 CHÚA đã lớn tiếng truyền các điều răn nầy cho tất cả các ngươi trên núi qua đám lửa, đám mây, và trong bóng tối; Ngài chẳng truyền dạy điều gì khác. Rồi Ngài viết các điều nầy vào hai bảng đá và đưa cho ta.

Dân chúng sợ hãi Thượng Đế

23 Khi các ngươi nghe tiếng vang từ bóng tối lúc núi đang rực cháy, tất cả các bô lão và các lãnh tụ chi tộc đến cùng ta 24 nói rằng, “CHÚA là Thượng Đế chúng ta đã bày tỏ sự vinh hiển cùng sự oai nghi của Ngài, chúng tôi đã nghe tiếng Ngài qua đám lửa. Ngày nay, chúng tôi thấy rằng có người nghe tiếng Thượng Đế mà còn sống. 25 Nhưng giờ đây, chúng tôi sẽ chết! Đám lửa lớn nầy sẽ thiêu hủy chúng tôi, chúng tôi sẽ chết nếu tiếp tục nghe tiếng CHÚA là Thượng Đế. 26 Không người trần nào còn sống được nếu nghe tiếng Ngài từ đám lửa, ngoại trừ chúng ta. 27 Mô-se, ông hãy đến gần và nghe mọi điều CHÚA là Thượng Đế phán bảo rồi nói lại cùng chúng tôi, chúng tôi sẽ nghe và làm theo.”

Chúa nói chuyện với Mô-se

28 Nghe những lời các ngươi nói, CHÚA bảo ta, “Ta đã nghe những gì họ nói cùng ngươi rồi. Họ nói phải đó. 29 Ta ước gì lòng họ cứ luôn luôn kính sợ và vâng theo mọi mệnh lệnh ta để họ cùng con cháu được thịnh vượng mãi mãi!

30 Hãy đi và bảo dân chúng trở về lều mình, 31 nhưng ngươi hãy ở lại đây với ta để ta ban cho ngươi mọi mệnh lệnh, qui tắc và luật lệ, và ngươi phải dạy họ tuân giữ trong xứ mà ta sẽ ban cho họ.”

32 Vậy hãy cẩn thận làm theo những gì CHÚA là Thượng Đế các ngươi đã truyền dạy, và phải tuyệt đối tuân hành, đừng quay bên phải hay bên trái. 33 Hãy sống theo đường lối CHÚA là Thượng Đế đã truyền dạy để các ngươi được sống lâu và thịnh vượng trong xứ các ngươi sắp chiếm lấy.

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Deuteronomy 5
New English Translation

The Opening Exhortation

5 Then Moses called all the people of Israel together and said to them:[a] “Listen, Israel, to the statutes and ordinances that I am about to deliver to you today; learn them and be careful to keep them! 2 The Lord our God made a covenant with us at Horeb. 3 He[b] did not make this covenant with our ancestors[c] but with us, we who are here today, all of us living now. 4 The Lord spoke face to face with you at the mountain, from the middle of the fire. 5 (I was standing between the Lord and you at that time to reveal the Lord’s message to you, because you were afraid of the fire and would not go up the mountain.) He said:

The Ten Commandments

6 “I am the Lord your God—he who brought you from the land of Egypt, from the place of slavery.

7 “You must not have any other gods[d] besides me.[e]

8 “You must not make for yourself an image[f] of anything in heaven above, on earth below, or in the waters beneath.[g] 9 You must not worship or serve them, for I, the Lord your God, am a jealous God. I punish[h] the sons, grandsons, and great-grandsons for the sin of the fathers who reject[i] me,[j] 10 but I show covenant faithfulness[k] to the thousands[l] who choose[m] me and keep my commandments.

11 “You must not make use of the name of the Lord your God for worthless purposes,[n] for the Lord will not exonerate anyone who abuses his name that way.[o]

12 “Be careful to observe[p] the Sabbath day just as the Lord your God has commanded you. 13 You are to work and do all your tasks in six days, 14 but the seventh day is the Sabbath[q] of the Lord your God. On that day you must not do any work, you, your son, your daughter, your male slave, your female slave, your ox, your donkey, any other animal, or the resident foreigner who lives with you,[r] so that your male and female slaves, like yourself, may have rest. 15 Recall that you were slaves in the land of Egypt and that the Lord your God brought you out of there by strength and power.[s] That is why the Lord your God has commanded you to observe[t] the Sabbath day.

16 “Honor[u] your father and your mother just as the Lord your God has commanded you to do, so that your days may be extended and that it may go well with you in the land that he[v] is about to give you.

17 “You must not murder.[w]

18 “You must not commit adultery.

19 “You must not steal.

20 “You must not offer false testimony against another.[x] 21 You must not desire[y] another man’s[z] wife, nor should you crave his[aa] house, his field, his male and female servants, his ox, his donkey, or anything else he owns.”[ab]

The Narrative of the Sinai Revelation and Israel’s Response

22 The Lord said these things to your entire assembly at the mountain from the middle of the fire, the cloud, and the darkness with a loud voice, and that was all he said.[ac] Then he inscribed the words[ad] on two stone tablets and gave them to me. 23 Then, when you heard the voice from the midst of the darkness while the mountain was ablaze, all your tribal leaders and elders approached me. 24 You said, “The Lord our God has shown us his great glory,[ae] and we have heard him speak from the middle of the fire. It is now clear to us[af] that God can speak to human beings and they can keep on living. 25 But now, why should we die, because this intense fire will consume us? If we keep hearing the voice of the Lord our God we will die! 26 Who is there from the entire human race[ag] who has heard the voice of the living God speaking from the middle of the fire as we have, and has lived? 27 You go near so that you can hear everything the Lord our God is saying and then you can tell us whatever he[ah] says to you; then we will pay attention and do it.” 28 When the Lord heard you speaking to me, he[ai] said to me, “I have heard what these people have said to you—they have spoken well. 29 If only it would really be their desire to fear me and obey[aj] all my commandments in the future, so that it may go well with them and their descendants forever. 30 Go and tell them, ‘Return to your tents!’ 31 But as for you, remain here with me so I can declare to you all the commandments,[ak] statutes, and ordinances that you are to teach them, so that they can carry them out in the land I am about to give them.”[al] 32 Be careful, therefore, to do exactly what the Lord your God has commanded you; do not turn right or left! 33 Walk just as he[am] has commanded you so that you may live, that it may go well with you, and that you may live long[an] in the land you are going to possess.

Footnotes

  1. Deuteronomy 5:1 tn Heb “and Moses called to all Israel and he said to them”; NAB, NASB, NIV “Moses summoned (convened NRSV) all Israel.”
  2. Deuteronomy 5:3 tn Heb “the Lord.” The pronoun has been used in the translation for stylistic reasons to avoid redundancy.
  3. Deuteronomy 5:3 tn Heb “fathers.”
  4. Deuteronomy 5:7 tn Heb “there must not be for you other gods.” The expression “for you” indicates possession.
  5. Deuteronomy 5:7 tn Heb “upon my face,” or “before me” (עַל־פָּנָיַ, ʿal panaya). Some understand this in a locative sense: “in my sight.” The translation assumes that the phrase indicates exclusion. The idea is that of placing any other god before the Lord in the sense of taking his place. Contrary to the view of some, this does not leave the door open for a henotheistic system where the Lord is the primary god among others. In its literary context the statement must be taken in a monotheistic sense. See, e.g., 4:39; 6:13-15.
  6. Deuteronomy 5:8 tn Heb “an image, any likeness.”
  7. Deuteronomy 5:8 tn Heb “under the earth” (so ASV, NASB, NRSV); NCV “below the land.”
  8. Deuteronomy 5:9 tn In the Hebrew text the form is a participle, which is subordinated to what precedes. For the sake of English style, the translation divides this lengthy verse into two sentences.
  9. Deuteronomy 5:9 tn Heb “who hate” (so NAB, NIV, NLT). Just as “to love” (אָהֵב, ʾahev) means in a covenant context “to choose, obey,” so “to hate” (שָׂנֵא, saneʾ) means “to reject, disobey” (cf. the note on the word “loved” in Deut 4:37; see also 5:10).
  10. Deuteronomy 5:9 tn Heb “visiting the sin of fathers upon sons and upon a third (generation) and upon a fourth (generation) of those who hate me.” God sometimes punishes children for the sins of a father (cf. Num 16:27, 32; Josh 7:24-25; 2 Sam 21:1-9). On the principle of corporate solidarity and responsibility in OT thought see J. Kaminsky, Corporate Responsibility in the Hebrew Bible (JSOTSup). In the idiom of the text, the father is the first generation and the “sons” the second generation, making grandsons the third and great-grandsons the fourth. The reference to a third and fourth generation is a way of emphasizing that the sinner’s punishment would last throughout his lifetime. In this culture, where men married and fathered children at a relatively young age, it would not be unusual for one to see his great-grandsons. In an Aramaic tomb inscription from Nerab dating to the seventh century b.c., Agbar observes that he was surrounded by “children of the fourth generation” as he lay on his death bed (see ANET 661). The language of the text differs from Exod 34:7, the sons are the first generation, the grandsons (literally, “sons of the sons”) the second, great-grandsons the third, and great-great-grandsons the fourth. One could argue that formulation in Deut 5:9 (see also Exod 20:5) is elliptical/abbreviated or that the text suffers from an accidental scribal omission (the repetition of the words “sons” would invite accidental omission).
  11. Deuteronomy 5:10 tn This theologically rich term (חֶסֶד, khesed) describes God’s loyalty to those who keep covenant with him. Sometimes it is used synonymously with בְּרִית (berit, “covenant”; Deut 7:9), and sometimes interchangeably with it (Deut 7:12). See H.-J. Zobel, TDOT 5:44-64.
  12. Deuteronomy 5:10 tc By a slight emendation (לֲאַלֻּפִים [laʾallufim] for לַאֲלָפִים [laʾalafim]) “clans” could be read in place of the MT reading “thousands.” However, no ms or versional evidence exists to support this emendation.tn Another option is to understand this as referring to “thousands (of generations) of those who love me” (cf. NAB, NIV, NRSV, NLT). See Deut 7:9.
  13. Deuteronomy 5:10 tn Heb “love.” See note on the word “reject” in v. 9.
  14. Deuteronomy 5:11 tn Heb “take up the name of the Lord your God to emptiness”; KJV “take the name of the Lord thy God in vain.” The idea here is not cursing or profanity in the modern sense of these terms, but rather the use of the divine Name for unholy, mundane purposes, that is, for meaningless (Hebrew שָׁוְא [shavʾ]) and empty ends. In ancient Israel this would include using the Lord’s name as a witness in vows one did not intend to keep.
  15. Deuteronomy 5:11 tn Heb “who takes up his name to emptiness.”
  16. Deuteronomy 5:12 tn Heb “to make holy,” that is, to put to special use, in this case, to sacred purposes (cf. vv. 13-15).
  17. Deuteronomy 5:14 tn There is some degree of paronomasia (wordplay) here: “the seventh (הַשְּׁבִיעִי, hasheviʿi) day is the Sabbath (שַׁבָּת, shabbat).” Otherwise, the words have nothing in common, since “Sabbath” is derived from the verb שָׁבַת (shavat, “to cease”).
  18. Deuteronomy 5:14 tn Heb “in your gates”; NRSV, CEV “in your towns”; TEV “in your country.”
  19. Deuteronomy 5:15 tn Heb “by a strong hand and an outstretched arm,” the hand and arm symbolizing divine activity and strength. Cf. NLT “with amazing power and mighty deeds.”
  20. Deuteronomy 5:15 tn Or “keep” (so KJV, NRSV).
  21. Deuteronomy 5:16 tn The imperative here means, literally, “regard as heavy” (כַּבֵּד, kabbed). The meaning is that great importance must be ascribed to parents by their children.
  22. Deuteronomy 5:16 tn Heb “the Lord your God.” See note on “He” in 5:3.
  23. Deuteronomy 5:17 tn Traditionally “kill” (so KJV, ASV, RSV, NAB). The verb here (רָצַח, ratsakh) is generic for homicide but in the OT both killing in war and capital punishment were permitted and even commanded (Deut 13:5, 9; 20:13, 16-17), so the technical meaning here is “murder.”
  24. Deuteronomy 5:20 tn Heb “your neighbor.” Clearly this is intended generically, however, and not to be limited only to those persons who live nearby (frequently the way “neighbor” is understood in contemporary contexts). So also in v. 20.
  25. Deuteronomy 5:21 tn The Hebrew verb used here (חָמַד, khamad) is different from the one translated “crave” (אָוַה, ʾavah) in the next line. The former has sexual overtones (“lust” or the like; cf. Song of Sol 2:3) whereas the latter has more the idea of a desire or craving for material things.
  26. Deuteronomy 5:21 tn Heb “your neighbor’s.” See note on the term “fellow man” in v. 19.
  27. Deuteronomy 5:21 tn Heb “your neighbor’s.” The pronoun is used in the translation for stylistic reasons.
  28. Deuteronomy 5:21 tn Heb “or anything that is your neighbor’s.”
  29. Deuteronomy 5:22 tn Heb “and he added no more” (so KJV, NASB, NRSV); NLT “This was all he said at that time.”
  30. Deuteronomy 5:22 tn Heb “them”; the referent (the words spoken by the Lord) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
  31. Deuteronomy 5:24 tn Heb “his glory and his greatness.”
  32. Deuteronomy 5:24 tn Heb “this day we have seen.”
  33. Deuteronomy 5:26 tn Heb “who is there of all flesh.”
  34. Deuteronomy 5:27 tn Heb “the Lord our God.” See note on “He” in 5:3.
  35. Deuteronomy 5:28 tn Heb “the Lord.” See note on “He” in 5:3.
  36. Deuteronomy 5:29 tn Heb “keep” (so KJV, NAB, NIV, NRSV).
  37. Deuteronomy 5:31 tn Heb “commandment.” The MT actually has the singular (הַמִּצְוָה, hammitsvah), suggesting perhaps that the following terms (חֻקִּים [khuqqim] and מִשְׁפָּטִים [mishpatim]) are in epexegetical apposition to “commandment.” That is, the phrase could be translated “the entire command, namely, the statutes and ordinances.” This would essentially make מִצְוָה (mitsvah) synonymous with תּוֹרָה (torah), the usual term for the whole collection of law.
  38. Deuteronomy 5:31 tn Heb “to possess it” (so KJV, ASV); NLT “as their inheritance.”
  39. Deuteronomy 5:33 tn Heb “the Lord your God.” The pronoun has been used in the translation for stylistic reasons to avoid redundancy.
  40. Deuteronomy 5:33 tn Heb “may prolong your days”; NAB “may have long life”; TEV “will continue to live.”
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Deuteronomy 5
New International Version

The Ten Commandments(A)

5 Moses summoned all Israel and said:

Hear, Israel, the decrees and laws(B) I declare in your hearing today. Learn them and be sure to follow them. 2 The Lord our God made a covenant(C) with us at Horeb.(D) 3 It was not with our ancestors[a] that the Lord made this covenant, but with us,(E) with all of us who are alive here today.(F) 4 The Lord spoke(G) to you face to face(H) out of the fire(I) on the mountain. 5 (At that time I stood between(J) the Lord and you to declare to you the word of the Lord, because you were afraid(K) of the fire and did not go up the mountain.) And he said:

6 “I am the Lord your God, who brought you out of Egypt,(L) out of the land of slavery.(M)

7 “You shall have no other gods before[b] me.

8 “You shall not make for yourself an image in the form of anything in heaven above or on the earth beneath or in the waters below.(N) 9 You shall not bow down to them or worship them; for I, the Lord your God, am a jealous God, punishing the children for the sin of the parents(O) to the third and fourth generation of those who hate me,(P) 10 but showing love to a thousand(Q) generations of those who love me and keep my commandments.(R)

11 “You shall not misuse the name(S) of the Lord your God, for the Lord will not hold anyone guiltless who misuses his name.(T)

12 “Observe the Sabbath day by keeping it holy,(U) as the Lord your God has commanded you. 13 Six days you shall labor and do all your work, 14 but the seventh day(V) is a sabbath to the Lord your God. On it you shall not do any work, neither you, nor your son or daughter, nor your male or female servant,(W) nor your ox, your donkey or any of your animals, nor any foreigner residing in your towns, so that your male and female servants may rest, as you do.(X) 15 Remember that you were slaves(Y) in Egypt and that the Lord your God brought you out of there with a mighty hand(Z) and an outstretched arm.(AA) Therefore the Lord your God has commanded you to observe the Sabbath day.

16 “Honor your father(AB) and your mother,(AC) as the Lord your God has commanded you, so that you may live long(AD) and that it may go well with you in the land the Lord your God is giving you.

17 “You shall not murder.(AE)

18 “You shall not commit adultery.(AF)

19 “You shall not steal.(AG)

20 “You shall not give false testimony against your neighbor.(AH)

21 “You shall not covet your neighbor’s wife. You shall not set your desire on your neighbor’s house or land, his male or female servant, his ox or donkey, or anything that belongs to your neighbor.”(AI)

22 These are the commandments the Lord proclaimed in a loud voice to your whole assembly there on the mountain from out of the fire, the cloud and the deep darkness;(AJ) and he added nothing more. Then he wrote them on two stone tablets(AK) and gave them to me.

23 When you heard the voice out of the darkness, while the mountain was ablaze with fire, all the leaders of your tribes and your elders(AL) came to me. 24 And you said, “The Lord our God has shown us(AM) his glory and his majesty,(AN) and we have heard his voice from the fire. Today we have seen that a person can live even if God speaks with them.(AO) 25 But now, why should we die? This great fire will consume us, and we will die if we hear the voice of the Lord our God any longer.(AP) 26 For what mortal has ever heard the voice of the living God speaking out of fire, as we have, and survived?(AQ) 27 Go near and listen to all that the Lord our God says.(AR) Then tell us whatever the Lord our God tells you. We will listen and obey.”(AS)

28 The Lord heard you when you spoke to me, and the Lord said to me, “I have heard what this people said to you. Everything they said was good.(AT) 29 Oh, that their hearts would be inclined to fear me(AU) and keep all my commands(AV) always, so that it might go well with them and their children forever!(AW)

30 “Go, tell them to return to their tents. 31 But you stay here(AX) with me so that I may give you all the commands, decrees and laws you are to teach them to follow in the land I am giving them to possess.”

32 So be careful to do what the Lord your God has commanded you;(AY) do not turn aside to the right or to the left.(AZ) 33 Walk in obedience to all that the Lord your God has commanded you,(BA) so that you may live and prosper and prolong your days(BB) in the land that you will possess.

Footnotes

  1. Deuteronomy 5:3 Or not only with our parents
  2. Deuteronomy 5:7 Or besides
Next
Phục Truyền Luật Lệ 4
Phục Truyền Luật Lệ 6
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