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Matthew 18
New English Translation

Questions About the Greatest

18 At that time the disciples came to Jesus saying, “Who is the greatest in the kingdom of heaven?” 2 He called a child, had him stand among them, 3 and said, “I tell you the truth,[a] unless you turn around and become like little children,[b] you will never[c] enter the kingdom of heaven! 4 Whoever then humbles himself like this little child is the greatest in the kingdom of heaven. 5 And whoever welcomes[d] a child like this in my name welcomes me.

6 “But if anyone causes one of these little ones who believe in me to sin,[e] it would be better for him to have a huge millstone[f] hung around his neck and to be drowned in the open sea.[g] 7 Woe to the world because of stumbling blocks! It[h] is necessary that stumbling blocks come, but woe to the person through whom they come. 8 If[i] your hand or your foot causes you to sin,[j] cut it off and throw it away. It is better for you to enter life crippled or lame than to have[k] two hands or two feet and be thrown into eternal fire. 9 And if your eye causes you to sin, tear it out and throw it away. It is better for you to enter into life with one eye than to have[l] two eyes and be thrown into fiery hell.[m]

The Parable of the Lost Sheep

10 “See that you do not disdain one of these little ones. For I tell you that their angels in heaven always see the face of my Father in heaven.[n] 12 What do you think? If someone[o] owns a hundred[p] sheep and one of them goes astray, will he not leave the ninety-nine on the mountains and go look for the one that went astray?[q] 13 And if he finds it, I tell you the truth,[r] he will rejoice more over it than over the ninety-nine that did not go astray. 14 In the same way, your Father in heaven is not willing that one of these little ones be lost.

Restoring Christian Relationships

15 “If[s] your brother[t] sins,[u] go and show him his fault[v] when the two of you are alone. If he listens to you, you have regained your brother. 16 But if he does not listen, take one or two others with you, so that at the testimony of two or three witnesses every matter may be established.[w] 17 If[x] he refuses to listen to them, tell it to the church. If[y] he refuses to listen to the church, treat him like[z] a Gentile[aa] or a tax collector.[ab]

18 “I tell you the truth,[ac] whatever you bind on earth will have been bound in heaven, and whatever you release on earth will have been released in heaven. 19 Again, I tell you the truth,[ad] if two of you on earth agree about whatever you ask, my Father in heaven will do it for you.[ae] 20 For where two or three are assembled in my name, I am there among them.”

21 Then Peter came to him and said, “Lord, how many times must I forgive my brother[af] who sins against me? As many as seven times?” 22 Jesus said to him, “Not seven times, I tell you, but seventy-seven times![ag]

The Parable of the Unforgiving Slave

23 “For this reason, the kingdom of heaven is like a king who wanted to settle accounts with his slaves.[ah] 24 As[ai] he began settling his accounts, a man who owed 10,000 talents[aj] was brought to him. 25 Because[ak] he was not able to repay it,[al] the lord ordered him to be sold, along with[am] his wife, children, and whatever he possessed, and repayment to be made. 26 Then the slave threw himself to the ground[an] before him, saying,[ao] ‘Be patient with me, and I will repay you everything.’ 27 The lord had compassion on that slave and released him, and forgave him the debt. 28 After[ap] he went out, that same slave found one of his fellow slaves who owed him 100 silver coins.[aq] So[ar] he grabbed him by the throat and started to choke him,[as] saying, ‘Pay back what you owe me!’[at] 29 Then his fellow slave threw himself down and begged him,[au] ‘Be patient with me, and I will repay you.’ 30 But he refused. Instead, he went out and threw him in prison until he repaid the debt. 31 When[av] his fellow slaves saw what had happened, they were very upset and went and told their lord everything that had taken place. 32 Then his lord called the first slave[aw] and said to him, ‘Evil slave! I forgave you all that debt because you begged me! 33 Should you not have shown mercy to your fellow slave, just as I showed it to you?’ 34 And in anger his lord turned him over to the prison guards to torture him[ax] until he repaid all he owed. 35 So also my heavenly Father will do to you, if each of you does not forgive your[ay] brother[az] from your heart.”

Footnotes

  1. Matthew 18:3 tn Grk “Truly (ἀμήν, amēn), I say to you.”
  2. Matthew 18:3 sn The point of the comparison become like little children has more to do with a child’s trusting spirit, as well as willingness to be dependent and receive from others, than any inherent humility the child might possess.
  3. Matthew 18:3 tn The negation in Greek (οὐ μή, ou mē) is very strong here.
  4. Matthew 18:5 tn This verb, δέχομαι (dechomai), is a term of hospitality (L&N 34.53).
  5. Matthew 18:6 tn The Greek term σκανδαλίζω (skandalizō), translated here “causes to sin” can also be translated “offends” or “causes to stumble.”
  6. Matthew 18:6 tn Grk “the millstone of a donkey.” This refers to a large flat stone turned by a donkey in the process of grinding grain (BDAG 661 s.v. μύλος 2; L&N 7.68-69). The same term is used in the parallel account in Mark 9:42.sn The punishment of drowning with a heavy weight attached is extremely gruesome and reflects Jesus’ views concerning those who cause others who believe in him to sin.
  7. Matthew 18:6 tn The term translated “open” here (πελάγει, pelagei) refers to the open sea as opposed to a stretch of water near a coastline (BDAG 794 s.v. πέλαγος). A similar English expression would be “the high seas.”
  8. Matthew 18:7 tn Grk “For it.” Here γάρ (gar) has not been translated.
  9. Matthew 18:8 tn Here δέ (de) has not been translated.
  10. Matthew 18:8 sn In Greek there is a wordplay that is difficult to reproduce in English here. The verb translated “causes…to sin” (σκανδαλίζω, skandalizō) comes from the same root as the word translated “stumbling blocks” (σκάνδαλον, skandalon) in the previous verse.
  11. Matthew 18:8 tn Grk “than having.”
  12. Matthew 18:9 tn Grk “than having.”
  13. Matthew 18:9 tn Grk “the Gehenna of fire.”sn See the note on the word hell in 5:22.
  14. Matthew 18:10 tc The most significant mss, along with others (א B L* Θ* ƒ1, 13 33 892* e ff1 sys sa), do not include 18:11 “For the Son of Man came to save the lost.” The verse is included in D Lmg N W Γ Δ Θc 078vid 565 579 700 892c 1241 1424 M lat syc,p,h, but is almost certainly not original, being borrowed from the parallel in Luke 19:10. The present translation follows NA28 in omitting the verse number as well, a procedure also followed by a number of other modern translations.
  15. Matthew 18:12 tn Grk “a certain man.” The Greek word ἄνθρωπος (anthrōpos) is used here in a somewhat generic sense.
  16. Matthew 18:12 sn This individual with a hundred sheep is a shepherd of modest means, as flocks often had up to two hundred head of sheep.
  17. Matthew 18:12 sn Look for the one that went astray. The parable pictures God’s pursuit of the sinner. On the image of Jesus as the Good Shepherd, see John 10:1-18.
  18. Matthew 18:13 tn Grk “Truly (ἀμήν, amēn), I say to you.”
  19. Matthew 18:15 tn Here δέ (de) has not been translated. All the “if” clauses in this paragraph are third class conditions in Greek.
  20. Matthew 18:15 tn The Greek term “brother” can mean “fellow believer” or “fellow Christian” (cf. BDAG 18 s.v. ἀδελφός 2.a) whether male or female. It can also refer to siblings, though here it is used in a broader sense to connote familial relationships within the family of God. Therefore, because of the familial connotations, “brother” has been retained in the translation here in preference to the more generic “fellow believer” (“fellow Christian” would be anachronistic in this context).
  21. Matthew 18:15 tc ‡ The earliest and best witnesses lack “against you” after “if your brother sins.” It is quite possible that the shorter reading in these witnesses (א B, as well as 0281 ƒ1 579 sa) occurred when scribes either intentionally changed the text (to make it more universal in application) or unintentionally changed the text (owing to the similar sound of the end of the verb ἁμαρτήσῃ [hamartēsē] and the prepositional phrase εἰς σέ [eis se]). However, if the mss were normally copied by sight rather than by sound, especially in the early centuries of Christianity, such an unintentional change is not as likely for these mss. And since scribes normally added material rather than deleted it for intentional changes, on balance, the shorter reading appears to be autographic. NA28 includes the words in brackets, indicating doubts as to their authenticity.
  22. Matthew 18:15 tn Grk “go reprove him.”
  23. Matthew 18:16 sn A quotation from Deut 19:15.
  24. Matthew 18:17 tn Here δέ (de) has not been translated.
  25. Matthew 18:17 tn Here δέ (de) has not been translated.
  26. Matthew 18:17 tn Grk “let him be to you as.”
  27. Matthew 18:17 tn Or “a pagan.”
  28. Matthew 18:17 sn To treat him like a Gentile or a tax collector means not to associate with such a person. See the note on tax collectors in 5:46.
  29. Matthew 18:18 tn Grk “Truly (ἀμήν, amēn), I say to you.”
  30. Matthew 18:19 tn Grk “Truly (ἀμήν, amēn), I say to you.”
  31. Matthew 18:19 tn Grk “if two of you…agree about whatever they ask, it will be done for them by my Father who is in heaven.” The passive construction has been translated as an active one in keeping with contemporary English style, and the pronouns, which change from second person plural to third person plural in the Greek text, have been consistently translated as second person plural.
  32. Matthew 18:21 tn Here the term “brother” means “fellow believer” or “fellow Christian” (cf. BDAG 18 s.v. ἀδελφός 2.a), whether male or female. Concerning the familial connotations, see also the note on the first occurrence of this term in v. 15.
  33. Matthew 18:22 tn Or “seventy times seven,” i.e., an unlimited number of times. See L&N 60.74 and 60.77 for the two possible translations of the phrase.
  34. Matthew 18:23 tn See the note on the word “slave” in 8:9.
  35. Matthew 18:24 tn Here δέ (de) has not been translated.
  36. Matthew 18:24 sn A talent was a huge sum of money, equal to 6,000 denarii. One denarius was the usual day’s wage for a worker. L&N 6.82 states, “a Greek monetary unit (also a unit of weight) with a value which fluctuated, depending upon the particular monetary system which prevailed at a particular period of time (a silver talent was worth approximately 6,000 denarii with gold talents worth at least thirty times that much).”
  37. Matthew 18:25 tn Here δέ (de) has not been translated.
  38. Matthew 18:25 tn The word “it” is not in the Greek text, but is implied. Direct objects were often omitted in Greek when clear from the context.
  39. Matthew 18:25 tn Grk “and his wife.”
  40. Matthew 18:26 tn Grk “falling therefore the slave bowed down to the ground.” The redundancy of this expression signals the desperation of the slave in begging for mercy.
  41. Matthew 18:26 tc The majority of mss (א L W Γ Δ 058 0281 ƒ1, 13 33 565 579 1241 1424 M it syp,h co) begin the slave’s plea with “Lord” (κύριε, kurie), though a few key witnesses lack this vocative (B D Θ 700 lat sys,c Or Chr). Understanding the parable to refer to the Lord, scribes would be naturally prone to add the vocative here, especially as the slave’s plea is a plea for mercy. Thus, the shorter reading is more likely to be authentic.
  42. Matthew 18:28 tn Here δέ (de) has not been translated.
  43. Matthew 18:28 tn Grk “one hundred denarii.” The denarius was a silver coin worth about a day’s wage for a laborer; this would be about three month’s pay.
  44. Matthew 18:28 tn Here καί (kai) has been translated as “so.” A new sentence was started at this point in the translation in keeping with the tendency of contemporary English style to use shorter sentences.
  45. Matthew 18:28 tn Grk “and he grabbed him and started choking him.”
  46. Matthew 18:28 tn The word “me” is not in the Greek text, but is implied.
  47. Matthew 18:29 tn Grk “begged him, saying.” The participle λέγων (legōn) is redundant here in contemporary English and has not been translated.
  48. Matthew 18:31 tn Grk “Therefore when.” Here οὖν (oun) has not been translated.
  49. Matthew 18:32 tn Grk “him”; the referent (the first slave mentioned in v. 24) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
  50. Matthew 18:34 tn Grk “handed him over to the torturers,” referring specifically to guards whose job was to torture prisoners who were being questioned. According to L&N 37.126, it is difficult to know for certain in this instance whether the term actually envisions torture as a part of the punishment or is simply a hyperbole. However, in light of the following verse and Jesus’ other warning statements in Matthew about “fiery hell,” “the outer darkness,” etc., it is best not to dismiss this as mere imagery.
  51. Matthew 18:35 tn Grk “his.” The pronoun has been translated to follow English idiom (the last pronoun of the verse [“from your heart”] is second person plural in the original).
  52. Matthew 18:35 tn Here the term “brother” means “fellow believer” or “fellow Christian” (cf. BDAG 18 s.v. ἀδελφός 2.a), whether male or female. Concerning the familial connotations, see also the note on the first occurrence of this term in v. 15.
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Mateo 18
Palabra de Dios para Todos

El más importante

(Mr 9:33-37; Lc 9:46-48)

18 En ese tiempo los seguidores se acercaron a Jesús y le preguntaron:

—¿Quién es el más importante en el reino de Dios?

2 Jesús llamó a un niñito y lo puso en medio de sus seguidores. 3 Entonces les dijo:

—Les digo la verdad: si no cambian y se vuelven como un niño, no podrán entrar jamás al reino de Dios. 4 Por tanto el que se humille como este niño, será el más importante en el reino de Dios. 5 El que recibe en mi nombre a un niño como este, me recibe a mí.

Jesús advierte sobre el peligro de pecar

(Mr 9:42-48; Lc 17:1-2)

6 »Le va a ir muy mal al que haga pecar a uno de estos mis seguidores a quienes es fácil hacerles daño. Sería mejor que se colgara una gran piedra de molino al cuello y se hundiera en lo profundo del mar. 7 ¡Pobre del mundo por los muchos motivos que hacen a la gente caer en pecado! Eso es inevitable, ¡pero pobre del que haga pecar a los demás!

8 »Así que si tu mano o tu pie te hace pecar, córtalo y tíralo. Es mejor entrar a la vida eterna con una sola mano o un solo pie que tener las dos manos y los dos pies pero ser echado al fuego eterno. 9 Y si tu ojo te hace pecar, sácalo y tíralo. Es mejor entrar tuerto a la vida eterna que tener ambos ojos pero ser echado al fuego eterno.

Historia de la oveja perdida

(Lc 15:3-7)

10 »¡Tengan cuidado! No piensen que estos niñitos no valen nada. Pues les digo que ellos tienen ángeles en el cielo que están siempre allá con mi Padre. 11 [a]

12 »¿Qué les parece? Si un hombre tiene 100 ovejas y una de ellas se le pierde, ¿acaso no dejará a las otras 99 en los montes para ir a buscar a la perdida? 13 Y si la encuentra, les digo la verdad: se pondrá más feliz por esa que por las otras 99. 14 Pasa lo mismo con su Padre que está en el cielo. Él no quiere que ninguno de estos pequeños se pierda.

Cómo perdonar al hermano

(Lc 17:3)

15 »Si tu hermano hace algo malo,[b] ve y habla a solas con él. Explícale cuál fue el mal que hizo. Si te hace caso, has recuperado a tu hermano. 16 Pero si no te hace caso, ve otra vez a hablar con él, acompañado de una o dos personas más, para que ellos sean testigos de todo lo que se diga.[c] 17 Si él no les hace caso, díselo a la iglesia. Y si no hace caso a la iglesia, entonces debes tratarlo como a uno que no cree en Dios o como a un cobrador de impuestos.

18 »Les digo la verdad: si ustedes juzgan a alguien aquí en la tierra, Dios lo juzgará en el cielo. A quien perdonen aquí en la tierra, Dios también lo perdonará en el cielo.[d]

19 »En otras palabras, si dos de ustedes en la tierra se ponen de acuerdo en pedir algo, pueden orar por eso. Mi Padre que está en el cielo se lo dará, 20 porque donde se reúnen dos o tres en mi nombre, yo estoy allí en medio de ellos.

Una historia sobre el perdón

21 Entonces Pedro se acercó a Jesús y le dijo:

—Señor, ¿cuántas veces debo perdonar a mi hermano si no deja de hacerme mal? ¿Debo perdonarlo aun si peca contra mí hasta siete veces?

22 Jesús le dijo:

—No sólo siete veces, sino que debes perdonarlo hasta setenta y siete veces[e].

23 »Por eso el reino de Dios se puede comparar con un rey que decidió hacer cuentas con sus siervos. 24 Cuando empezó, le llevaron a un siervo que le debía muchos millones de monedas de plata.[f] 25 Como debía mucho, no tenía dinero para pagar la deuda. El rey ordenó que lo vendieran junto con su esposa e hijos y todo lo que tenía, y así poder recuperar el dinero. 26 Entonces el siervo se postró delante de él y le rogó: “Por favor, tenga un poco de paciencia conmigo, yo le voy a pagar todo lo que le debo”. 27 El rey tuvo compasión de él, le perdonó la deuda y lo dejó libre.

28 »Cuando este siervo se fue, se encontró con un compañero que le debía 100 monedas de plata[g]. Entonces el siervo a quien el rey había perdonado agarró al otro del cuello y le dijo: “¡Págame lo que me debes!” 29 El compañero se postró delante de él y le rogó: “Por favor, ten un poco de paciencia conmigo, yo te voy a pagar todo lo que te debo”. 30 Pero el primer siervo no quiso perdonarle la deuda y mandó echarlo a la cárcel hasta que pagara lo que le debía. 31 Cuando los otros compañeros se dieron cuenta de lo que había pasado, se entristecieron mucho y fueron a contarle todo al rey. 32 Entonces el rey lo llamó y le dijo: “¡Eres un mal siervo! Te perdoné la deuda porque me rogaste que tuviera compasión, 33 ¿no debiste haber mostrado compasión con tu compañero, así como yo la tuve contigo?” 34 Por esta razón, el rey se enojó muchísimo y entregó al siervo a los torturadores hasta que pagara todo lo que le debía.

35 »Así los tratará mi Padre que está en el cielo si ustedes no perdonan de todo corazón a sus hermanos.

Footnotes

  1. 18:11 Algunos manuscritos tienen el versículo 11: Porque el Hijo del hombre vino a salvar a los perdidos. Ver Lc 19:10.
  2. 18:15 hace algo malo Según los manuscritos mejores y más antiguos. La mayoría de manuscritos más recientes tienen Si tu hermano te hace algo malo.
  3. 18:16 Ver Dt 19:15.
  4. 18:18 si ustedes juzgan […] el cielo Textualmente Lo que aten en la tierra, también será atado en el cielo. Lo que desaten en la tierra también será desatado en el cielo. Ver 16:19.
  5. 18:22 setenta y siete veces o setenta veces siete. Ver Gn 4:24.
  6. 18:24 muchos millones […] de plata Textualmente 10 000 talentos. Esa cantidad equivalía aproximadamente a 70 000 de denarios. Como el salario promedio de un trabajador era un denario por día (ver Mt 20:2), un trabajador tendría que trabajar miles de años para pagar esa deuda, lo que indica que la deuda era exorbitante, imposible de pagar.
  7. 18:28 100 monedas de plata Textualmente 100 denarios. Esta cantidad equivalía aproximadamente al salario de tres meses de un trabajador.
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