Luke 16
New American Bible (Revised Edition)
Chapter 16
The Parable of the Dishonest Steward.[a] 1 Then he also said to his disciples, “A rich man had a steward who was reported to him for squandering his property. 2 He summoned him and said, ‘What is this I hear about you? Prepare a full account of your stewardship, because you can no longer be my steward.’ 3 The steward said to himself, ‘What shall I do, now that my master is taking the position of steward away from me? I am not strong enough to dig and I am ashamed to beg. 4 I know what I shall do so that, when I am removed from the stewardship, they may welcome me into their homes.’ 5 He called in his master’s debtors one by one. To the first he said, ‘How much do you owe my master?’ 6 [b]He replied, ‘One hundred measures of olive oil.’ He said to him, ‘Here is your promissory note. Sit down and quickly write one for fifty.’ 7 Then to another he said, ‘And you, how much do you owe?’ He replied, ‘One hundred kors[c] of wheat.’ He said to him, ‘Here is your promissory note; write one for eighty.’ 8 And the master commended that dishonest steward for acting prudently.
Application of the Parable.[d] “For the children of this world are more prudent in dealing with their own generation than are the children of light.[e](A) 9 I tell you, make friends for yourselves with dishonest wealth,[f] so that when it fails, you will be welcomed into eternal dwellings.(B) 10 [g]The person who is trustworthy in very small matters is also trustworthy in great ones; and the person who is dishonest in very small matters is also dishonest in great ones.(C) 11 If, therefore, you are not trustworthy with dishonest wealth, who will trust you with true wealth? 12 If you are not trustworthy with what belongs to another, who will give you what is yours? 13 No servant can serve two masters.[h] He will either hate one and love the other, or be devoted to one and despise the other. You cannot serve God and mammon.”(D)
A Saying Against the Pharisees. 14 [i]The Pharisees, who loved money,[j] heard all these things and sneered at him. 15 And he said to them, “You justify yourselves in the sight of others, but God knows your hearts; for what is of human esteem is an abomination in the sight of God.(E)
Sayings About the Law. 16 “The law and the prophets lasted until John;[k] but from then on the kingdom of God is proclaimed, and everyone who enters does so with violence.(F) 17 It is easier for heaven and earth to pass away than for the smallest part of a letter of the law to become invalid.(G)
Sayings About Divorce. 18 “Everyone who divorces his wife and marries another commits adultery, and the one who marries a woman divorced from her husband commits adultery.(H)
The Parable of the Rich Man and Lazarus.[l] 19 “There was a rich man[m] who dressed in purple garments and fine linen and dined sumptuously each day. 20 And lying at his door was a poor man named Lazarus, covered with sores,(I) 21 who would gladly have eaten his fill of the scraps that fell from the rich man’s table. Dogs even used to come and lick his sores. 22 When the poor man died, he was carried away by angels to the bosom of Abraham. The rich man also died and was buried, 23 and from the netherworld,[n] where he was in torment, he raised his eyes and saw Abraham far off and Lazarus at his side. 24 And he cried out, ‘Father Abraham, have pity on me. Send Lazarus to dip the tip of his finger in water and cool my tongue, for I am suffering torment in these flames.’ 25 Abraham replied, ‘My child, remember that you received what was good during your lifetime while Lazarus likewise received what was bad; but now he is comforted here, whereas you are tormented.(J) 26 Moreover, between us and you a great chasm is established to prevent anyone from crossing who might wish to go from our side to yours or from your side to ours.’ 27 He said, ‘Then I beg you, father, send him to my father’s house, 28 for I have five brothers, so that he may warn them, lest they too come to this place of torment.’ 29 But Abraham replied, ‘They have Moses and the prophets. Let them listen to them.’ 30 [o]He said, ‘Oh no, father Abraham, but if someone from the dead goes to them, they will repent.’ 31 Then Abraham said, ‘If they will not listen to Moses and the prophets, neither will they be persuaded if someone should rise from the dead.’”(K)
Footnotes
- 16:1–8a The parable of the dishonest steward has to be understood in the light of the Palestinian custom of agents acting on behalf of their masters and the usurious practices common to such agents. The dishonesty of the steward consisted in the squandering of his master’s property (Lk 16:1) and not in any subsequent graft. The master commends the dishonest steward who has forgone his own usurious commission on the business transaction by having the debtors write new notes that reflected only the real amount owed the master (i.e., minus the steward’s profit). The dishonest steward acts in this way in order to ingratiate himself with the debtors because he knows he is being dismissed from his position (Lk 16:3). The parable, then, teaches the prudent use of one’s material goods in light of an imminent crisis.
- 16:6 One hundred measures: literally, “one hundred baths.” A bath is a Hebrew unit of liquid measurement equivalent to eight or nine gallons.
- 16:7 One hundred kors: a kor is a Hebrew unit of dry measure for grain or wheat equivalent to ten or twelve bushels.
- 16:8b–13 Several originally independent sayings of Jesus are gathered here by Luke to form the concluding application of the parable of the dishonest steward.
- 16:8b–9 The first conclusion recommends the prudent use of one’s wealth (in the light of the coming of the end of the age) after the manner of the children of this world, represented in the parable by the dishonest steward.
- 16:9 Dishonest wealth: literally, “mammon of iniquity.” Mammon is the Greek transliteration of a Hebrew or Aramaic word that is usually explained as meaning “that in which one trusts.” The characterization of this wealth as dishonest expresses a tendency of wealth to lead one to dishonesty. Eternal dwellings: or, “eternal tents,” i.e., heaven.
- 16:10–12 The second conclusion recommends constant fidelity to those in positions of responsibility.
- 16:13 The third conclusion is a general statement about the incompatibility of serving God and being a slave to riches. To be dependent upon wealth is opposed to the teachings of Jesus who counseled complete dependence on the Father as one of the characteristics of the Christian disciple (Lk 12:22–39). God and mammon: see note on Lk 16:9. Mammon is used here as if it were itself a god.
- 16:14–18 The two parables about the use of riches in chap. 16 are separated by several isolated sayings of Jesus on the hypocrisy of the Pharisees (Lk 16:14–15), on the law (Lk 16:16–17), and on divorce (Lk 16:18).
- 16:14–15 The Pharisees are here presented as examples of those who are slaves to wealth (see Lk 16:13) and, consequently, they are unable to serve God.
- 16:16 John the Baptist is presented in Luke’s gospel as a transitional figure between the period of Israel, the time of promise, and the period of Jesus, the time of fulfillment. With John, the fulfillment of the Old Testament promises has begun.
- 16:19–31 The parable of the rich man and Lazarus again illustrates Luke’s concern with Jesus’ attitude toward the rich and the poor. The reversal of the fates of the rich man and Lazarus (Lk 16:22–23) illustrates the teachings of Jesus in Luke’s “Sermon on the Plain” (Lk 6:20–21, 24–25).
- 16:19 The oldest Greek manuscript of Luke dating from ca. A.D. 175–225 records the name of the rich man as an abbreviated form of “Nineveh,” but there is very little textual support in other manuscripts for this reading. “Dives” of popular tradition is the Latin Vulgate’s translation for “rich man” (Lk 16:19–31).
- 16:23 The netherworld: see note on Lk 10:15.
- 16:30–31 A foreshadowing in Luke’s gospel of the rejection of the call to repentance even after Jesus’ resurrection.
Luke 16
Revised Geneva Translation
16 And He also said to His disciples, “There was a certain rich man who had a steward. And he was accused to him of wasting his goods.
2 “And he called him and said to him, ‘How is it that I hear this of you? Give an account of your stewardship. For you may no longer be steward.’
3 “Then the steward said within himself, ‘What shall I do? For my master is taking away the stewardship from me. I cannot dig. And I am ashamed to beg.
4 ‘I know what I will do, so that when I am put out of the stewardship they may receive me into their houses.’
5 “Then he called every one of his master’s debtors to him, and said to the first, ‘How much do you owe to my master?’
6 “And he said, ‘A hundred measures of oil.’ And he said to him, ‘Take your bill. And sit down quickly. And write fifty.’
7 “Then he said to another, ‘How much do you owe?’ And he said, ‘A hundred measures of wheat.’ Then he said to him, ‘Take your bill and write eighty.’
8 “And the master commended the unjust steward, because he had done wisely. For among their own kind, the children of this world are wiser than the children of light.
9 “And I say to you, make friends with the riches of iniquity, so that when you fail, they may receive you into eternal dwellings.
10 “The one who is faithful in the least, is also faithful in much. And the one who is unjust in the least, is unjust also in much.
11 “If, then, you have not been faithful in the riches of iniquity, who will trust you in the true treasure?
12 “And if you have not been faithful in another man’s goods, who shall give you that which is yours?
13 “No servant can serve two masters. For either he shall hate the one and love the other, or else he shall lean to the one and despise the other. You cannot serve God and riches.”
14 The Pharisees also heard all these things and were covetous. And they scoffed at Him.
15 Then He said to them, “You are those who justify yourselves before man. But God knows your hearts. For that which is highly esteemed among man is abomination in the sight of God.
16 “The Law and the Prophets endured until John. And since that time the Kingdom of God is preached. And everyone presses into it.
17 “Now it is easier for Heaven and Earth to pass away than for one stroke of the Law to fall.
18 “Whoever puts away his wife and marries another, commits adultery. And whoever marries the one who is put away from her husband, commits adultery.
19 “There was a certain rich man who was clothed in purple and fine linen and fared well and delicately every day.
20 “Also, there was a certain beggar named Lazarus, who was laid at his gate (full of sores).
21 “And he desired to be refreshed with the crumbs that fell from the rich man’s table. And even the dogs came and licked his sores.
22 “And it happened that the beggar died and was carried by the angels into Abraham’s bosom. The rich man also died and was buried.
23 “And being in torment in Hell, he lifted up his eyes and saw Abraham far off (and Lazarus in his bosom).
24 “Then he cried and said, ‘Father Abraham, have mercy on me! And send Lazarus, so that he may dip the tip of his finger in water and cool my tongue! For I am tormented in this flame!’
25 “But Abraham said, ‘Son, remember that you, in your lifetime, received your pleasures, and likewise Lazarus pains. Therefore, now he is comforted and you are tormented.
26 ‘Besides all this, there is a great gulf set between you and us, so that those who wish to go from here to you, cannot. Nor can anyone come from there to us.’
27 “Then he said, ‘Therefore I ask you, father, if you would send him to my father’s house,
28 ‘(for I have five brothers) so that he may testify to them, lest they also come into this place of torment.’
29 “Abraham said to him, ‘They have Moses and the Prophets. Let them hear them.’
30 “And he said, ‘No, father Abraham. But if one came to them from the dead, they will repent.’
31 “Then he said to him, ‘If they do not hear Moses and the Prophets, they will not be persuaded if one rises from the dead again.’”
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