Footnotes

1. Judges 10:1 tn The word “death” has been supplied in the translation for clarification.
2. Judges 10:1 tn Heb “son.”
3. Judges 10:1 tn Heb “a man of Issachar.”
4. Judges 10:2 tn Traditionally, “judged.”
5. Judges 10:4 sn The name Habboth Jair means “tent villages of Jair” in Hebrew.
6. Judges 10:4 tn Heb “they call them Havvoth Jair to this day—which are in the land of Gilead.”
7. Judges 10:6 tn Heb “in the eyes of the Lord.”
8. Judges 10:6 tn Or “served;” or “followed.”
9. Judges 10:6 sn The Ashtoreths were local manifestations of the goddess Astarte.
10. Judges 10:6 tn Heb “the gods of Syria, the gods of Sidon, the gods of Moab, the gods of the Ammonites, and the gods of the Philistines.”
11. Judges 10:6 tn Or “serve”; or “follow.”
12. Judges 10:7 tn Or “the Lord’s anger burned [or “raged”] against Israel.”
13. Judges 10:7 tn Heb “sold them into the hands of.”
14. Judges 10:8 tn Heb “shattered and crushed.” The repetition of similar sounding synonyms (רָעַץ [raʿats] and רָצַץ [ratsats]) is for emphasis; רָצַץ appears in the Polel, adding further emphasis to the affirmation.
15. Judges 10:8 tn The phrase שְׁמֹנֶה עֶשְׂרֵה שָׁנָה (sh^emoneh ʿesreh shanah) could be translated “eighteen years,” but this would be difficult after the reference to “that year.” It is possible that v. 8b is parenthetical, referring to an eighteen year long period of oppression east of the Jordan which culminated in hostilities against all Israel (including Judah, see v. 9) in the eighteenth year. It is simpler to translate the phrase as an ordinal number, though the context does not provide the point of reference. (See Gen 14:4-5 and R. G. Boling, Judges [AB], 191-92.) In this case, the following statement specifies which “Israelites” are in view.
16. Judges 10:9 tn Heb “the house of Ephraim.”
17. Judges 10:9 tn Or “Israel experienced great distress.” Perhaps here the verb has the nuance “hemmed in.”
18. Judges 10:10 tn Or “served”; or “followed.”
19. Judges 10:12 tc The translation follows the LXX which reads “Midian”; the Hebrew text has “Maon.”
20. Judges 10:12 tn The words “Did I not deliver you” are interpretive. The Hebrew text simply reads, “Is it not from Egypt…when they oppressed you?” Perhaps the incomplete sentence reflects the Lord’s frustration.
21. Judges 10:12 tn Heb “hand.”
22. Judges 10:13 tn Or “served”; or “followed.”
23. Judges 10:14 tn Heb “in your time of trouble.”
24. Judges 10:15 tn Heb “according to all whatever is good in your eyes.”
25. Judges 10:15 sn You do to us as you see fit, but deliver us today. The request seems contradictory, but it can be explained in one of two ways. They may be asking for relief from their enemies and direct discipline from God’s hand. Or they may mean, “In the future you can do whatever you like to us, but give us relief from what we’re suffering right now.”
26. Judges 10:16 tn Heb “from their midst.”
27. Judges 10:16 tn Or “served”; or “followed.”
28. Judges 10:16 tn Heb “And his spirit grew short [i.e., impatient] with the suffering of Israel.” The Hebrew noun נֶפֶשׁ (nefesh) also appears as the subject of the verb קָצַר (qatsar) in Num 21:4 (the Israelites grow impatient wandering in the wilderness), Judg 16:16 (Samson grows impatient with Delilah’s constant nagging), and Zech 11:8 (Zechariah grows impatient with the three negligent “shepherds”).
29. Judges 10:17 tn Or “were summoned;” or “were mustered.”
30. Judges 10:18 tn Heb “the people, the officers.”
31. Judges 10:18 tn Heb “Who is the man who will begin fighting.”