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Johannes 2
Het Boek

Water wordt wijn

2 Twee dagen later was er een bruiloft in het dorp Kana in Galilea. Jezusʼ moeder was er, 2 en ook Jezus en zijn leerlingen waren uitgenodigd. 3 Op zeker ogenblik raakte de wijn op. Jezusʼ moeder hoorde het en ging het Hem vertellen. 4 ‘Laat Mij met rust,’ antwoordde Hij. ‘Het is mijn tijd nog niet.’ 5 Zijn moeder zei tegen de bedienden: ‘Doe wat Hij u zegt.’ 6 Er stonden zes grote aarden kruiken, elk met een inhoud van zoʼn honderd liter. Die werden bij bepaalde gelegenheden met water gevuld, zodat men zich volgens de Joodse voorschriften kon wassen. 7 Jezus zei tegen de bedienden: ‘Vul al die kruiken met water.’ 8 Toen zij dat gedaan hadden, zei Hij: ‘Schep er nu wat uit en laat de ceremoniemeester ervan proeven.’ Zij gaven ervan aan de ceremoniemeester, 9 die niet wist wat er gebeurd was. Hij proefde van het water dat wijn was geworden en riep de bruidegom. 10 Hij zei tegen hem: ‘Wat een lekkere wijn! Hoe is het mogelijk! Iedereen schenkt eerst de goede wijn en als de mensen dronken beginnen te worden, pas de minder goede. Maar u hebt de beste wijn voor het laatst bewaard.’ 11 Zo liet Jezus in Kana in Galilea voor het eerst zien wie Hij was. Daar toonde Hij zijn grootheid en zijn leerlingen geloofden in Hem.

12 Hierna ging Hij met zijn moeder, broers en leerlingen naar Kafarnaüm, maar zij bleven daar niet lang.

Jezus bezoekt de tempel

13 Weldra zou Pesach, het Joodse Paasfeest, beginnen. Daarom vertrok Jezus naar Jeruzalem. 14 Op het tempelplein zag Hij handelaars die runderen, schapen en duiven verkochten en geldwisselaars die achter hun tafeltjes zaten. 15 Hij knoopte een paar stukken touw aan elkaar en joeg hen daarmee met hun dieren de tempel uit. Het geld van de wisselaars gooide Hij op de grond en hun tafeltjes gooide Hij omver. 16 Tegen de duivenverkopers zei Hij: ‘Eruit! Het huis van mijn Vader is geen markt!’ 17 Dit herinnerde de leerlingen eraan dat er geschreven staat: ‘Van mijzelf blijft niets over, omdat ik alles geef voor uw huis.’ 18 De Joden namen dit niet. ‘Hoe durft U! Bewijs maar eens dat U dit mag doen!’ 19 ‘Breek deze tempel af,’ zei Jezus. ‘En in drie dagen zal Ik hem weer opbouwen.’ 20 ‘Wat!’ riepen de Joden. ‘Er is zesenveertig jaar aan deze tempel gewerkt en U zou er in drie dagen mee klaar zijn?’ 21 Maar Jezus bedoelde dat Hijzelf, zijn eigen lichaam, die tempel was. 22 Later, toen Hij uit de dood was teruggekomen, herinnerden zijn leerlingen zich dat Hij dit gezegd had. Het klopte met wat er in de Boeken staat en zij geloofden het.

Nikodemus bezoekt Jezus

23 Door de wonderen die Jezus tijdens het Paasfeest in Jeruzalem deed, gingen veel mensen in Hem geloven. 24 Maar Hij bleef terughoudend, omdat Hij de mensen door en door kende. 25 Niemand hoefde Hem iets over de mens te vertellen, want Hij wist wat er in een mens omgaat.

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John 2
New American Bible (Revised Edition)

Chapter 2

The Wedding at Cana. 1 [a]On the third day there was a wedding[b] in Cana[c] in Galilee, and the mother of Jesus was there.(A) 2 Jesus and his disciples were also invited to the wedding. 3 When the wine ran short, the mother of Jesus said to him, “They have no wine.” 4 [d][And] Jesus said to her, “Woman, how does your concern affect me? My hour has not yet come.”(B) 5 His mother said to the servers, “Do whatever he tells you.”(C) 6 [e]Now there were six stone water jars there for Jewish ceremonial washings,(D) each holding twenty to thirty gallons. 7 Jesus told them, “Fill the jars with water.” So they filled them to the brim. 8 Then he told them, “Draw some out now and take it to the headwaiter.”[f] So they took it. 9 And when the headwaiter tasted the water that had become wine, without knowing where it came from (although the servers who had drawn the water knew), the headwaiter called the bridegroom 10 and said to him, “Everyone serves good wine first, and then when people have drunk freely, an inferior one; but you have kept the good wine until now.” 11 Jesus did this as the beginning of his signs[g] in Cana in Galilee and so revealed his glory, and his disciples began to believe in him.(E)

12 [h]After this, he and his mother, [his] brothers, and his disciples went down to Capernaum and stayed there only a few days.[i]

Cleansing of the Temple. 13 [j]Since the Passover[k] of the Jews was near,(F) Jesus went up to Jerusalem. 14 [l]He found in the temple area those who sold oxen, sheep, and doves,[m] as well as the money-changers seated there.(G) 15 He made a whip out of cords and drove them all out of the temple area, with the sheep and oxen, and spilled the coins of the money-changers and overturned their tables, 16 and to those who sold doves he said, “Take these out of here, and stop making my Father’s house a marketplace.”(H) 17 [n]His disciples recalled the words of scripture,(I) “Zeal for your house will consume me.” 18 At this the Jews answered and said to him, “What sign can you show us for doing this?”(J) 19 Jesus answered and said to them,[o](K) “Destroy this temple and in three days I will raise it up.” 20 The Jews said, “This temple has been under construction for forty-six years,[p] and you will raise it up in three days?” 21 But he was speaking about the temple of his body. 22 Therefore, when he was raised from the dead, his disciples remembered that he had said this, and they came to believe the scripture and the word Jesus had spoken.(L)

23 While he was in Jerusalem for the feast of Passover, many began to believe in his name when they saw the signs he was doing.(M) 24 But Jesus would not trust himself to them because he knew them all, 25 and did not need anyone to testify about human nature. He himself understood it well.(N)

Footnotes

  1. 2:1–6:71 Signs revealing Jesus as the Messiah to all Israel. “Sign” (sēmeion) is John’s symbolic term for Jesus’ wondrous deeds (see Introduction). The Old Testament background lies in the Exodus story (cf. Dt 11:3; 29:2). John is interested primarily in what the sēmeia signify: God’s intervention in human history in a new way through Jesus.
  2. 2:1–11 The first sign. This story of replacement of Jewish ceremonial washings (Jn 2:6) presents the initial revelation about Jesus at the outset of his ministry. He manifests his glory; the disciples believe. There is no synoptic parallel.
  3. 2:1 Cana: unknown from the Old Testament. The mother of Jesus: she is never named in John.
  4. 2:4 This verse may seek to show that Jesus did not work miracles to help his family and friends, as in the apocryphal gospels. Woman: a normal, polite form of address, but unattested in reference to one’s mother. Cf. also Jn 19:26. How does your concern affect me?: literally, “What is this to me and to you?”—a Hebrew expression of either hostility (Jgs 11:12; 2 Chr 35:21; 1 Kgs 17:18) or denial of common interest (Hos 14:9; 2 Kgs 3:13). Cf. Mk 1:24; 5:7 used by demons to Jesus. My hour has not yet come: the translation as a question (“Has not my hour now come?”), while preferable grammatically and supported by Greek Fathers, seems unlikely from a comparison with Jn 7:6, 30. The “hour” is that of Jesus’ passion, death, resurrection, and ascension (Jn 13:1).
  5. 2:6 Twenty to thirty gallons: literally, “two or three measures”; the Attic liquid measure contained 39.39 liters. The vast quantity recalls prophecies of abundance in the last days; cf. Am 9:13–14; Hos 14:7; Jer 31:12.
  6. 2:8 Headwaiter: used of the official who managed a banquet, but there is no evidence of such a functionary in Palestine. Perhaps here a friend of the family acted as master of ceremonies; cf. Sir 32:1.
  7. 2:11 The beginning of his signs: the first of seven (see Introduction).
  8. 2:12–3:21 The next three episodes take place in Jerusalem. Only the first is paralleled in the synoptic gospels.
  9. 2:12 This transitional verse may be a harmonization with the synoptic tradition in Lk 4:31 and Mt 4:13. There are many textual variants. John depicts no extended ministry in Capernaum as do the synoptics.
  10. 2:13–22 This episode indicates the post-resurrectional replacement of the temple by the person of Jesus.
  11. 2:13 Passover: this is the first Passover mentioned in John; a second is mentioned in Jn 6:4; a third in Jn 13:1. Taken literally, they point to a ministry of at least two years.
  12. 2:14–22 The other gospels place the cleansing of the temple in the last days of Jesus’ life (Matthew, on the day Jesus entered Jerusalem; Mark, on the next day). The order of events in the gospel narratives is often determined by theological motives rather than by chronological data.
  13. 2:14 Oxen, sheep, and doves: intended for sacrifice. The doves were the offerings of the poor (Lv 5:7). Money-changers: for a temple tax paid by every male Jew more than nineteen years of age, with a half-shekel coin (Ex 30:11–16), in Syrian currency. See note on Mt 17:24.
  14. 2:17 Ps 69:10, changed to future tense to apply to Jesus.
  15. 2:19 This saying about the destruction of the temple occurs in various forms (Mt 24:2; 27:40; Mk 13:2; 15:29; Lk 21:6; cf. Acts 6:14). Mt 26:61 has: “I can destroy the temple of God…”; see note there. In Mk 14:58, there is a metaphorical contrast with a new temple: “I will destroy this temple made with hands and within three days I will build another not made with hands.” Here it is symbolic of Jesus’ resurrection and the resulting community (see Jn 2:21 and Rev 21:2). In three days: an Old Testament expression for a short, indefinite period of time; cf. Hos 6:2.
  16. 2:20 Forty-six years: based on references in Josephus (Jewish Wars 1:401; Antiquities 15:380), possibly the spring of A.D. 28. Cf. note on Lk 3:1.
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