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L'udienza del faraone

47 Giuseppe andò ad informare il faraone dicendogli: «Mio padre e i miei fratelli con i loro greggi e armenti e con tutti i loro averi sono venuti dal paese di Canaan; eccoli nel paese di Gosen». Intanto prese cinque uomini dal gruppo dei suoi fratelli e li presentò al faraone. Il faraone disse ai suoi fratelli: «Qual è il vostro mestiere?». Essi risposero al faraone: «Pastori di greggi sono i tuoi servi, noi e i nostri padri». Poi dissero al faraone: «Siamo venuti per soggiornare come forestieri nel paese perché non c'è più pascolo per il gregge dei tuoi servi; infatti è grave la carestia nel paese di Canaan. E ora lascia che i tuoi servi risiedano nel paese di Gosen!».

Altro racconto

Allora il faraone disse a Giuseppe: «Tuo padre e i tuoi fratelli sono dunque venuti da te. Ebbene, il paese d'Egitto è a tua disposizione: fà risiedere tuo padre e i tuoi fratelli nella parte migliore del paese. Risiedano pure nel paese di Gosen. Se tu sai che vi sono tra di loro uomini capaci, costituiscili sopra i miei averi in qualità di sovrintendenti al bestiame». Poi Giuseppe introdusse Giacobbe, suo padre, e lo presentò al faraone e Giacobbe benedisse il faraone. Il faraone domandò a Giacobbe: «Quanti anni hai?». Giacobbe rispose al faraone: «Centotrenta di vita errabonda, pochi e tristi sono stati gli anni della mia vita e non hanno raggiunto il numero degli anni dei miei padri, al tempo della loro vita nomade». 10 Poi Giacobbe benedisse il faraone e si allontanò dal faraone.

11 Giuseppe fece risiedere suo padre e i suoi fratelli e diede loro una proprietà nel paese d'Egitto, nella parte migliore del paese, nel territorio di Ramses, come aveva comandato il faraone. 12 Giuseppe diede il sostentamento al padre, ai fratelli e a tutta la famiglia di suo padre, fornendo pane secondo il numero dei bambini.

Politica agraria di Giuseppe

13 Ora non c'era pane in tutto il paese, perché la carestia era molto grave: il paese d'Egitto e il paese di Canaan languivano per la carestia. 14 Giuseppe raccolse tutto il denaro che si trovava nel paese d'Egitto e nel paese di Canaan in cambio del grano che essi acquistavano; Giuseppe consegnò questo denaro alla casa del faraone.

15 Quando fu esaurito il denaro del paese di Egitto e del paese di Canaan, tutti gli Egiziani vennero da Giuseppe a dire: «Dacci il pane! Perché dovremmo morire sotto i tuoi occhi? Infatti non c'è più denaro». 16 Rispose Giuseppe: «Cedetemi il vostro bestiame e io vi darò pane in cambio del vostro bestiame, se non c'è più denaro». 17 Allora condussero a Giuseppe il loro bestiame e Giuseppe diede loro il pane in cambio dei cavalli e delle pecore, dei buoi e degli asini; così in quell'anno li nutrì di pane in cambio di tutto il loro bestiame.

18 Passato quell'anno, vennero a lui l'anno dopo e gli dissero: «Non nascondiamo al mio signore che si è esaurito il denaro e anche il possesso del bestiame è passato al mio signore, non rimane più a disposizione del mio signore se non il nostro corpo e il nostro terreno. 19 Perché dovremmo perire sotto i tuoi occhi, noi e la nostra terra? Acquista noi e la nostra terra in cambio di pane e diventeremo servi del faraone noi con la nostra terra; ma dacci di che seminare, così che possiamo vivere e non morire e il suolo non diventi un deserto!». 20 Allora Giuseppe acquistò per il faraone tutto il terreno dell'Egitto, perché gli Egiziani vendettero ciascuno il proprio campo, tanto infieriva su di loro la carestia. Così la terra divenne proprietà del faraone. 21 Quanto al popolo, egli lo fece passare nelle città da un capo all'altro della frontiera egiziana. 22 Soltanto il terreno dei sacerdoti egli non acquistò, perché i sacerdoti avevano un'assegnazione fissa da parte del faraone e si nutrivano dell'assegnazione che il faraone passava loro; per questo non vendettero il loro terreno.

23 Poi Giuseppe disse al popolo: «Vedete, io ho acquistato oggi per il faraone voi e il vostro terreno. Eccovi il seme: seminate il terreno. 24 Ma quando vi sarà il raccolto, voi ne darete un quinto al faraone e quattro parti saranno vostre, per la semina dei campi, per il nutrimento vostro e di quelli di casa vostra e per il nutrimento dei vostri bambini». 25 Gli risposero: «Ci hai salvato la vita! Ci sia solo concesso di trovar grazia agli occhi del mio signore e saremo servi del faraone!». 26 Così Giuseppe fece di questo una legge che vige fino ad oggi sui terreni d'Egitto, per la quale si deve dare la quinta parte al faraone. Soltanto i terreni dei sacerdoti non divennero del faraone.

Ultime volontà di Giacobbe

27 Gli Israeliti intanto si stabilirono nel paese d'Egitto, nel territorio di Gosen, ebbero proprietà e furono fecondi e divennero molto numerosi.

28 Giacobbe visse nel paese d'Egitto diciassette anni e gli anni della sua vita furono centoquarantasette. 29 Quando fu vicino il tempo della sua morte, Israele chiamò il figlio Giuseppe e gli disse: «Se ho trovato grazia ai tuoi occhi, metti la mano sotto la mia coscia e usa con me bontà e fedeltà: non seppellirmi in Egitto! 30 Quando io mi sarò coricato con i miei padri, portami via dall'Egitto e seppelliscimi nel loro sepolcro». Rispose: «Io agirò come hai detto». 31 Riprese: «Giuramelo!». E glielo giurò; allora Israele si prostrò sul capezzale del letto.

47 Then Joseph went in and told Pharaoh, and said, “My father and my brothers, with their flocks, their herds, and all that they own, have come out of the land of Canaan; and behold, they are in the land of Goshen.” From among his brothers he took five men, and presented them to Pharaoh. Pharaoh said to his brothers, “What is your occupation?”

They said to Pharaoh, “Your servants are shepherds, both we, and our fathers.” They also said to Pharaoh, “We have come to live as foreigners in the land, for there is no pasture for your servants’ flocks. For the famine is severe in the land of Canaan. Now therefore, please let your servants dwell in the land of Goshen.”

Pharaoh spoke to Joseph, saying, “Your father and your brothers have come to you. The land of Egypt is before you. Make your father and your brothers dwell in the best of the land. Let them dwell in the land of Goshen. If you know any able men among them, then put them in charge of my livestock.”

Joseph brought in Jacob, his father, and set him before Pharaoh; and Jacob blessed Pharaoh. Pharaoh said to Jacob, “How old are you?”

Jacob said to Pharaoh, “The years of my pilgrimage are one hundred thirty years. The days of the years of my life have been few and evil. They have not attained to the days of the years of the life of my fathers in the days of their pilgrimage.” 10 Jacob blessed Pharaoh, and went out from the presence of Pharaoh.

11 Joseph placed his father and his brothers, and gave them a possession in the land of Egypt, in the best of the land, in the land of Rameses, as Pharaoh had commanded. 12 Joseph provided his father, his brothers, and all of his father’s household with bread, according to the sizes of their families.

13 There was no bread in all the land; for the famine was very severe, so that the land of Egypt and the land of Canaan fainted by reason of the famine. 14 Joseph gathered up all the money that was found in the land of Egypt, and in the land of Canaan, for the grain which they bought: and Joseph brought the money into Pharaoh’s house. 15 When the money was all spent in the land of Egypt, and in the land of Canaan, all the Egyptians came to Joseph, and said, “Give us bread, for why should we die in your presence? For our money fails.”

16 Joseph said, “Give me your livestock; and I will give you food for your livestock, if your money is gone.”

17 They brought their livestock to Joseph, and Joseph gave them bread in exchange for the horses, and for the flocks, and for the herds, and for the donkeys: and he fed them with bread in exchange for all their livestock for that year. 18 When that year was ended, they came to him the second year, and said to him, “We will not hide from my lord how our money is all spent, and the herds of livestock are my lord’s. There is nothing left in the sight of my lord, but our bodies, and our lands. 19 Why should we die before your eyes, both we and our land? Buy us and our land for bread, and we and our land will be servants to Pharaoh. Give us seed, that we may live, and not die, and that the land won’t be desolate.”

20 So Joseph bought all the land of Egypt for Pharaoh, for every man of the Egyptians sold his field, because the famine was severe on them, and the land became Pharaoh’s. 21 As for the people, he moved them to the cities from one end of the border of Egypt even to the other end of it. 22 Only he didn’t buy the land of the priests, for the priests had a portion from Pharaoh, and ate their portion which Pharaoh gave them. That is why they didn’t sell their land. 23 Then Joseph said to the people, “Behold, I have bought you and your land today for Pharaoh. Behold, here is seed for you, and you shall sow the land. 24 It will happen at the harvests, that you shall give a fifth to Pharaoh, and four parts will be your own, for seed of the field, for your food, for them of your households, and for food for your little ones.”

25 They said, “You have saved our lives! Let us find favor in the sight of my lord, and we will be Pharaoh’s servants.”

26 Joseph made it a statute concerning the land of Egypt to this day, that Pharaoh should have the fifth. Only the land of the priests alone didn’t become Pharaoh’s.

27 Israel lived in the land of Egypt, in the land of Goshen; and they got themselves possessions therein, and were fruitful, and multiplied exceedingly. 28 Jacob lived in the land of Egypt seventeen years. So the days of Jacob, the years of his life, were one hundred forty-seven years. 29 The time came near that Israel must die, and he called his son Joseph, and said to him, “If now I have found favor in your sight, please put your hand under my thigh, and deal kindly and truly with me. Please don’t bury me in Egypt, 30 but when I sleep with my fathers, you shall carry me out of Egypt, and bury me in their burying place.”

Joseph said, “I will do as you have said.”

31 Israel said, “Swear to me,” and he swore to him. Then Israel bowed himself on the bed’s head.

47 Joseph went and told Pharaoh, “My father and brothers, with their flocks and herds and everything they own, have come from the land of Canaan(A) and are now in Goshen.”(B) He chose five of his brothers and presented them(C) before Pharaoh.

Pharaoh asked the brothers, “What is your occupation?”(D)

“Your servants(E) are shepherds,(F)” they replied to Pharaoh, “just as our fathers were.” They also said to him, “We have come to live here for a while,(G) because the famine is severe in Canaan(H) and your servants’ flocks have no pasture.(I) So now, please let your servants settle in Goshen.”(J)

Pharaoh said to Joseph, “Your father and your brothers have come to you, and the land of Egypt is before you; settle(K) your father and your brothers in the best part of the land.(L) Let them live in Goshen. And if you know of any among them with special ability,(M) put them in charge of my own livestock.(N)

Then Joseph brought his father Jacob in and presented him(O) before Pharaoh. After Jacob blessed[a] Pharaoh,(P) Pharaoh asked him, “How old are you?”

And Jacob said to Pharaoh, “The years of my pilgrimage are a hundred and thirty.(Q) My years have been few and difficult,(R) and they do not equal the years of the pilgrimage of my fathers.(S) 10 Then Jacob blessed[b] Pharaoh(T) and went out from his presence.

11 So Joseph settled his father and his brothers in Egypt and gave them property in the best part of the land,(U) the district of Rameses,(V) as Pharaoh directed. 12 Joseph also provided his father and his brothers and all his father’s household with food, according to the number of their children.(W)

Joseph and the Famine

13 There was no food, however, in the whole region because the famine was severe; both Egypt and Canaan wasted away because of the famine.(X) 14 Joseph collected all the money that was to be found in Egypt and Canaan in payment for the grain they were buying,(Y) and he brought it to Pharaoh’s palace.(Z) 15 When the money of the people of Egypt and Canaan was gone,(AA) all Egypt came to Joseph(AB) and said, “Give us food. Why should we die before your eyes?(AC) Our money is all gone.”

16 “Then bring your livestock,(AD)” said Joseph. “I will sell you food in exchange for your livestock, since your money is gone.(AE) 17 So they brought their livestock to Joseph, and he gave them food in exchange for their horses,(AF) their sheep and goats, their cattle and donkeys.(AG) And he brought them through that year with food in exchange for all their livestock.

18 When that year was over, they came to him the following year and said, “We cannot hide from our lord the fact that since our money is gone(AH) and our livestock belongs to you,(AI) there is nothing left for our lord except our bodies and our land. 19 Why should we perish before your eyes(AJ)—we and our land as well? Buy us and our land in exchange for food,(AK) and we with our land will be in bondage to Pharaoh.(AL) Give us seed so that we may live and not die,(AM) and that the land may not become desolate.”

20 So Joseph bought all the land in Egypt for Pharaoh. The Egyptians, one and all, sold their fields, because the famine was too severe(AN) for them. The land became Pharaoh’s, 21 and Joseph reduced the people to servitude,[c](AO) from one end of Egypt to the other. 22 However, he did not buy the land of the priests,(AP) because they received a regular allotment from Pharaoh and had food enough from the allotment(AQ) Pharaoh gave them. That is why they did not sell their land.

23 Joseph said to the people, “Now that I have bought you and your land today for Pharaoh, here is seed(AR) for you so you can plant the ground.(AS) 24 But when the crop comes in, give a fifth(AT) of it to Pharaoh. The other four-fifths you may keep as seed for the fields and as food for yourselves and your households and your children.”

25 “You have saved our lives,” they said. “May we find favor in the eyes of our lord;(AU) we will be in bondage to Pharaoh.”(AV)

26 So Joseph established it as a law concerning land in Egypt—still in force today—that a fifth(AW) of the produce belongs to Pharaoh. It was only the land of the priests that did not become Pharaoh’s.(AX)

27 Now the Israelites settled in Egypt in the region of Goshen.(AY) They acquired property there(AZ) and were fruitful and increased greatly in number.(BA)

28 Jacob lived in Egypt(BB) seventeen years, and the years of his life were a hundred and forty-seven.(BC) 29 When the time drew near for Israel(BD) to die,(BE) he called for his son Joseph and said to him, “If I have found favor in your eyes,(BF) put your hand under my thigh(BG) and promise that you will show me kindness(BH) and faithfulness.(BI) Do not bury me in Egypt, 30 but when I rest with my fathers,(BJ) carry me out of Egypt and bury me where they are buried.”(BK)

“I will do as you say,” he said.

31 “Swear to me,”(BL) he said. Then Joseph swore to him,(BM) and Israel(BN) worshiped as he leaned on the top of his staff.[d](BO)

Footnotes

  1. Genesis 47:7 Or greeted
  2. Genesis 47:10 Or said farewell to
  3. Genesis 47:21 Samaritan Pentateuch and Septuagint (see also Vulgate); Masoretic Text and he moved the people into the cities
  4. Genesis 47:31 Or Israel bowed down at the head of his bed