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The Human Race Grows More Evil

The number of people on earth began to ·grow [multiply], and daughters were born to them. When the ·sons of God [C may refer to godly men among Seth’s descendants (ch. 5), or noble men, or angels] saw that ·these girls [L the daughters of men/human beings; C either evil women among Cain’s descendants (4:17–24), poor women, or simply mortal women] were beautiful, they married any of them they chose [C though their identity is unclear, their marriage clearly violated a boundary]. The Lord said, “My Spirit will not ·remain in [or contend with] human beings forever, because they are ·flesh [mortal]. ·They will live [L Their days will be] only 120 years.”

The ·Nephilim [L fallen ones; C the significance of the name is unclear] were on the earth in those days and also later. That was when the sons of God ·had sexual relations with [L came in to] the daughters of ·human beings [T man; C Hebrew: Adam; 1:27–28]. These women gave birth to children ·who became famous [L men of a name] and were the mighty warriors of long ago. [C The Nephilim of Num. 13:31–33, though not related genealogically, were giants, suggesting these pre-flood Nephilim were also.]

The Lord saw that the human beings on the earth were very ·wicked [evil] and that ·everything they thought about [L every inclination of their mind/heart] was ·evil [wicked]. He ·was sorry [regretted] he had made human beings on the earth, and his heart was filled with pain. So the Lord said, “I will ·destroy [wipe/blot out; exterminate] all human beings that I ·made [created; 1:1] on the earth. And I will destroy every animal and everything that ·crawls [creeps] on the earth and the birds of the ·air [sky; heavens], because I ·am sorry [regret] I have made them.” But Noah ·pleased [L found grace/favor in the eyes of] the Lord.

Noah and the Great Flood

This is the family history [2:4] of Noah. Noah was a ·good [righteous; just] man, the most ·innocent [blameless; Job 1:1] man of his ·time [generation], and he walked with God [5:24]. 10 He had three sons: Shem, Ham, and Japheth [9:18–10:32].

11 ·People on earth [L The earth] did what ·God said was evil [L was corrupt before God], and ·violence was everywhere [L the earth was filled with violence]. 12 When God saw that [L the earth was corrupt because] ·everyone [L all flesh] on the earth ·did only evil [L was corrupt], 13 God said to Noah, “·I have decided to bring an end to all living creatures [L The end of all flesh is coming before me]. Because people have made the earth full of violence, I will destroy all of them from the ·earth [land]. 14 ·Build [Make] ·a boat [L an ark] of ·cypress [or gopher; C the precise meaning is uncertain] wood for yourself. Make rooms in it and cover it inside and outside with ·tar [pitch]. 15 This is how ·big I want you to build the boat [L you should make it]: ·four hundred fifty feet [L three hundred cubits] long, ·seventy-five feet [L fifty cubits] wide, and ·forty-five feet [L thirty cubits] high. 16 Make an opening around the top of the boat [C probably a window] that is ·eighteen inches [L a cubit] high from the edge of the roof down. Put a door in the side of the boat. Make an ·upper, middle, and lower [L lower, second, and third] deck in it. 17 I will bring a flood of water on the earth to destroy all ·living things [L flesh] that live under ·the sky [heaven], including everything that has the breath of life. Everything on the earth will die. 18 But I will ·make [establish] an ·agreement [covenant; treaty] with you—you, your sons, your wife, and your sons’ wives will all go into the boat. 19 Also, you must bring into the ·boat [L ark] two of ·every living thing [L all flesh], male and female. Keep them alive with you. 20 Two of every kind of bird, animal, and ·crawling [creeping] thing will come to you to be kept alive. 21 Also ·gather [take] some of every kind of food and store it on the boat as food for you and the animals.”

22 Noah did everything that God commanded him.

The Flood Begins

Then the Lord said to Noah, “I have seen that you ·are the best person [alone are righteous] among ·the people of this time [L this generation], so you and your ·family [household] can go into the ·boat [ark]. Take with you seven pairs, each male with its female, of every kind of clean [C in a ritual sense; Lev. 11] animal, and take one pair, each male with its female, of every kind of unclean animal. Take seven pairs of all the birds of the ·sky [heavens], each male with its female. This will allow all these animals to continue living on the earth after the flood. Seven days from now I will send rain on the earth. It will rain forty days and forty nights, and I will ·wipe off [blot out] from the ·earth [L face of the ground] every living thing that I have made.”

Noah did everything the Lord commanded him.

Noah was six hundred years old when the [L water of the] flood came [L on the earth]. He and his wife and his sons and their wives went into the ·boat [ark] to escape the waters of the flood. The clean animals [7:2], the unclean animals, the birds, and everything that ·crawls [creeps] on the ground came to Noah. They went into the ·boat [ark] in groups of two, male and female, just as God had commanded Noah. 10 Seven days later the ·flood started [L waters of the flood came on the earth].

11 When Noah was six hundred years old, the flood started. On the seventeenth day of the second month of that year the ·underground springs [L fountains/springs of the deep] ·split [burst] open, and the ·clouds [floodgates; L windows] in the ·sky [heavens] ·poured out rain [L were opened]. 12 The rain fell on the earth for forty days and forty nights.

13 On that same day Noah and his wife, his sons Shem, Ham, and Japheth [9:18—10:32], and their wives went into the ·boat [ark]. 14 They had every kind of wild and tame animal, every kind of animal that ·crawls [creeps] on the earth, and ·every kind of bird [L every bird, every winged creature]. 15 ·Every creature [L All flesh] that had the breath of life came to Noah in the ·boat [ark] in groups of two. 16 One male and one female of ·every living thing [L all flesh] came, just as God had commanded Noah. Then the Lord ·closed the door behind them [L shut them in].

17 ·Water flooded the earth [L The flood continued] for forty days, and as it rose it lifted the ·boat [ark] off the ground. 18 The water continued to rise [L and increase], and the ·boat [ark] floated on ·it above the earth [L the face of the waters]. 19 The water rose so much [L over the earth] that even the highest mountains under the ·sky [heavens] were covered by it. 20 It continued to rise until it was more than ·twenty feet [L fifteen cubits] above the mountains.

21 All ·living things [L flesh] that moved on the earth died. This included all the birds, tame animals, wild animals, and [L swarming] creatures that swarm on the earth, as well as all human beings. 22 So everything on dry land that had the breath of life in ·it [L its nostrils] died. 23 God ·destroyed [blotted/wiped out] from the earth every living thing that was on the ·land [L face of the ground]—every man, animal, ·crawling [creeping] thing, and bird of the ·sky [heavens]. All that ·was left [survived] was Noah and what was with him in the ·boat [ark]. 24 And the waters continued to cover the earth for one hundred fifty days.

The Flood Ends

But God remembered Noah and all the ·wild [beasts] and ·tame animals [cattle] with him in the ·boat [ark]. He made a wind ·blow [pass] over the earth, and the water ·went down [subsided]. The ·underground springs [L fountains/springs of the deep] stopped flowing, and the ·clouds [floodgates; L windows] in the ·sky [heavens] ·stopped pouring down rain [L were closed and the rain from the sky/heavens were restrained]. The water that covered the earth began to ·go down [recede]. After one hundred fifty days ·it [L the waters] had ·gone down [abated] so much that the ·boat [ark] touched land again. It came to rest on one of the mountains of Ararat [C in ancient Urartu, present-day eastern Turkey] on the seventeenth day of the seventh month. The water continued to ·go down [recede] so that by the first day of the tenth month the tops of the mountains could be seen.

Forty days later Noah opened the ·window [hatch] he had made in the ·boat [ark], and he sent out a raven. It ·flew [L went] here and there until the water had dried up from the earth. Then Noah sent out a dove to find out if the water had ·dried up [subsided] from the ground. The dove could not find a place to ·land [L set/rest its foot] because water still covered the earth, so it came back to the ·boat [ark]. Noah reached out his hand and took the bird and brought it back into the boat.

10 After [L waiting] seven days Noah again sent out the dove from the ·boat [ark], 11 and that evening it came back to him with a fresh olive leaf in its ·mouth [beak]. Then Noah knew that the ·ground was almost dry [L waters had subsided from the ground]. 12 ·Seven days later [L After waiting another seven days] he sent the dove out again, but this time it did not come back.

13 When Noah was six hundred and one years old, in the first day of the first month of that year, the water was dried up from the ·land [earth]. Noah removed the covering of the ·boat [ark] and saw that the ·land [L face of the ground] was dry. 14 By the twenty-seventh day of the second month the ·land [earth] was completely dry.

15 Then God said to Noah, 16 “You and your wife, your sons, and their wives should go out of the ·boat [ark]. 17 Bring every ·animal [L living thing of all flesh] out of the ·boat [ark] with you—the birds, ·animals [beasts; livestock], and everything that crawls on the earth. ·Let them have many young ones so that they might […so they may swarm on earth and be fruitful and] ·grow in number [multiply; 1:22].”

18 So Noah went out with his sons, his wife, and his sons’ wives. 19 Every ·animal [living thing], everything that ·crawls [creeps] on the earth, and every bird [L and everything that crawls/creeps] went out of the ·boat [ark] by families.

20 Then Noah built an altar [C a place to offer sacrifices] to the Lord. He took some of all the clean [C in a ritual sense] birds and ·animals [beasts; livestock], and he ·burned them on the altar as offerings to God [L offered a whole burnt offering on the altar; Lev. 1]. 21 The Lord ·was pleased with these sacrifices [L smelled the sweet savor/smell] and said ·to himself [L in his heart], “I will never again curse the ground because of human beings. ·Their thoughts [The inclination of their hearts] are evil even ·when [from the time] they are young, but I will never again destroy every living thing on the earth as I did this time.

22 “As long as the earth continues,
planting and harvest,
cold and hot,
summer and winter,
day and night
will not stop.”

The New Beginning

Then God blessed Noah and his sons and said to them, “·Have many children; grow in number [T Be fruitful and multiply] and fill the earth [1:22, 29]. Every ·animal [living thing] on earth, every bird in the ·sky [heavens], every animal that crawls on the ground, and every fish in the sea will ·respect [fear] and ·fear [dread; be terrified of] you. I have given them ·to you [L into your hand].

“Everything that moves, everything that is alive, is yours for food. Earlier I gave you the green plants [1:29–30], but now I give you everything for food. But you must not eat ·meat [flesh] that still has blood in it, because blood ·gives [L is] life [Lev. 3:17; 7:26–27; 17:10–14]. I will ·demand [require; L seek] blood for life. I will ·demand [require; L seek] the life of any animal that kills a person, and I will ·demand [require; L seek] the life of anyone who takes another person’s life.

“Whoever ·kills [L sheds the blood of] a human being
    will ·be killed [L have his blood shed] by a human being,
because God made humans
    in ·his own image [L the image of God; 1:26–27].

“As for you, Noah, ·I want you and your family to have many children, to grow in number on the earth, and to become many [L be fruitful and multiply, swarm/teem over the earth and multiply on it; 9:1].”

Then God said to Noah and his sons, “·Now [or Look] I am making my ·agreement [covenant; treaty; 6:18] with you and your ·people [seed] ·who will live after you [L after you], 10 and with every living thing that is with you—the birds, the ·tame [livestock; cattle] and the wild animals, and with everything that came out of the ·boat [ark] with you—with every living thing on earth. 11 I ·make [establish] this ·agreement [covenant; treaty; 6:18] with you: ·I will never again destroy all living things by a flood [L a flood will never again cut off all flesh]. A flood will never again destroy the earth.”

12 And God said, “This is the sign [C a symbol that represents this relationship between God and Noah; 17:11; Ex. 31:13, 17] of the ·agreement [covenant; treaty; 6:18] between me and you and every living creature that is with you for all future generations. 13 I am putting my ·rainbow [bow; C may represent God hanging up his weapon after warring against humanity] in the clouds as the sign of the ·agreement [covenant; treaty; 6:18] between me and the earth. 14 When I bring clouds over the earth and a ·rainbow [bow] appears in them, 15 I will remember my ·agreement [covenant; treaty; 6:18] between me and you and every living thing [L of all flesh]. [L The waters of the] Floods will never again destroy all ·life on the earth [L flesh]. 16 When the ·rainbow [bow] appears in the clouds, I will see it and I will remember the ·agreement that continues forever [L eternal covenant] between me and every living thing [L of all flesh] on the earth.”

17 So God said to Noah, “·The rainbow [L This] is a ·sign [9:12] of the ·agreement [covenant; treaty; 6:18] that I made with all living things on earth.”

Noah and His Sons

18 The sons of Noah who came out of the ·boat [ark] with him were Shem, Ham, and Japheth. (Ham was the father of Canaan.) 19 These three men were Noah’s sons, and all the people on earth ·came [spread out; C see the genealogy in ch. 10] from these three sons.

20 Noah ·became a farmer [L was the first man of the ground/soil] and planted a vineyard. 21 When he drank ·wine made from his grapes [L the wine], he became drunk and lay ·naked [uncovered] in his tent. 22 Ham, the father of Canaan, looked at his naked father and told his [L two] brothers outside [C an act of disrespect; he should have helped his father, as in the next verse]. 23 Then Shem and Japheth got a coat and, carrying it on both their shoulders, they walked backwards into the tent and covered [L the nakedness of] their father. They turned their faces away so that they did not see their father’s nakedness [C they acted appropriately according to ancient custom].

24 Noah ·was sleeping because of the wine. When he woke up [woke up from his wine] and ·learned [L he knew] what his youngest son, Ham, had done to him, 25 he said,

“May there be a curse on Canaan [C the ancestor and representative of the inhabitants of Palestine that Israel displaced at the time of the conquest of the Promised Land; Josh. 1–12]!
    May he be the lowest ·slave [servant] to his brothers.”

26 Noah also said,

“May the Lord, the God of Shem, be ·praised [blessed]!
    May Canaan be Shem’s ·slave [servant; L Shem is the ancestor of Israel].
27 May God ·give more land to [make space for; C the verb sounds like his name] Japheth.
    May Japheth live in Shem’s tents,
    and may Canaan be their slave [10:2–4; 1 Chr. 1:5–7].”

28 After the flood Noah lived 350 years. 29 ·He lived a total of [L All the days of Noah were] 950 years, and then he died.

人类的邪恶

人类在地上逐渐增多,生了女儿。 上帝的儿子们[a]看见人的女儿漂亮,就随意选来做妻子。 耶和华说:“人既然是血肉之躯,我的灵不会永远住在人的里面,然而人还可以活一百二十年。” 从那时起,地上出现了一些巨人,他们是上古有名的勇士,是上帝的儿子和人的女儿所生的后代。

耶和华看见人罪恶深重,心中终日思想恶事, 就后悔在地上造了人,心里伤痛, 说:“我要把所造的人从地上除掉,连同一切飞禽走兽和爬虫都除掉,我后悔造了他们。” 只有挪亚在耶和华面前蒙恩。

上帝命挪亚造方舟

以下是有关挪亚的记载。

挪亚是个义人,在当时的世代是个纯全无过的人,他与上帝同行。 10 挪亚生了三个儿子:闪、含和雅弗。

11 当时的世界在上帝眼中非常败坏,充满了暴行。 12 上帝看见世界败坏了,因为世人行为败坏。 13 祂对挪亚说:“世人恶贯满盈,他们的结局到了。我要把他们跟大地一起毁灭。 14 你要为自己用歌斐木建造一艘方舟,里面要有舱房,内外都要涂上柏油。 15 你建造的方舟要长一百三十三米,宽二十二米,高十三米。 16 舟顶要有五十厘米高的透光口,门开在方舟的侧面,整艘方舟要分为上、中、下三层。 17 看啊,我要使洪水在地上泛滥,毁灭天下。地上一切有气息的生灵都要灭亡。 18 但我要跟你立约,你与妻子、儿子和儿媳都可以进方舟。 19 每种动物你要带两只进方舟,雌雄各一只,好保存它们的生命。 20 各种飞禽走兽和爬虫要按种类每样一对到你那里,好保住生命。 21 你要为自己和这些动物预备各种食物,贮存起来。”

22 挪亚就照着上帝的吩咐把事情都办好了。

洪水泛滥

耶和华对挪亚说:“你和你一家都进入方舟,因为这个世代只有你在我眼中是义人。 洁净的动物,你要每样带七公七母,不洁净的动物每样带一公一母, 飞鸟每样带七公七母,叫它们以后可以在地上繁衍后代。 因为七天之后,我要在地上降雨四十昼夜,毁灭我所造的一切生灵。” 凡耶和华所吩咐的,挪亚都照办了。

洪水泛滥的那一年,挪亚正好六百岁。 挪亚与妻子、儿子们和儿媳们都进了方舟,躲避洪水。 洁净的动物、不洁净的动物、飞禽和地上的一切爬虫, 都一公一母成对地到挪亚那里,进了方舟,正如上帝对挪亚的吩咐。 10 那七天过后,洪水在地上泛滥起来。

11 挪亚六百岁那年的二月[b]十七日,所有深渊的泉源都裂开了,天上的水闸也打开了, 12 地上倾盆大雨降了四十昼夜。 13 那天,挪亚与他的儿子闪、含和雅弗,还有挪亚的妻子和三个儿媳妇都进了方舟。 14 所有的野兽、牲畜、地上的爬虫和飞鸟都按种类进入方舟。 15-16 这些动物都一公一母成对地到挪亚那里,进入方舟,正如上帝对挪亚的吩咐。耶和华关上了方舟的门。

17 洪水在地上泛滥了四十天,水不断地往上涨,把方舟漂了起来。 18 洪水来势汹汹,淹没大地,方舟漂浮在水面上。 19 水势越来越大,把天下各处的高山都淹没了。 20 水淹没了群山,水面高出群山七米。 21 世上所有的飞禽、走兽、牲畜、爬虫和人类都死了。 22 在陆地上所有用鼻孔呼吸的生灵都死了。 23 地上的人类、飞禽走兽和爬虫等一切生灵都被毁灭了,只剩下挪亚和跟他同在方舟里的生灵。 24 洪水淹没大地一百五十天。

洪水消退

上帝眷顾挪亚及方舟里的野兽和牲畜,使风吹在大地上,水便开始消退。 深渊的泉源和天上的水闸都关闭了,大雨也停了。 地上的洪水慢慢消退,过了一百五十天,水退下去了。 七月十七日,方舟停在亚拉腊山上。 水继续消退,到十月一日,山顶都露出来了。

又过了四十天,挪亚打开方舟的窗户, 放出一只乌鸦。它一直在空中飞来飞去,直到地上的水都干了。 后来,挪亚放出一只鸽子,以便了解地面的水是否已经消退。 但遍地都是水,鸽子找不到歇脚的地方,就飞回了方舟,挪亚伸手把鸽子接进方舟里。 10 过了七天,挪亚再把鸽子放出去。 11 到了黄昏,鸽子飞回来,嘴里衔着一片新拧下来的橄榄叶,挪亚便知道地上的水已经退了。 12 等了七天,他又放出鸽子,这一次,鸽子没有回来。

13 挪亚六百零一岁那年的一月一日,地上的水干了。挪亚打开方舟的盖观望,看见地面都干了。 14 到了二月二十七日,大地完全干了。 15 上帝对挪亚说: 16 “你与妻子、儿子和儿媳可以出方舟了。 17 你要把方舟里的飞禽走兽及爬虫等所有动物都带出来,让它们在地上多多繁殖。” 18 于是,挪亚与妻子、儿子和儿媳都出了方舟。 19 方舟里的飞禽走兽和爬虫等所有地上的动物,都按种类出了方舟。

挪亚献祭

20 挪亚为耶和华筑了一座坛,在上面焚烧各种洁净的牲畜和飞鸟作为燔祭。 21 耶和华闻到这燔祭的馨香,心想:“虽然人从小就心存恶念,但我再不会因为人的缘故而咒诅大地,再不会毁灭一切生灵。 22 只要大地尚存,播种收割、夏热冬寒、白昼黑夜必永不停息。”

上帝与挪亚立约

上帝赐福给挪亚和他的儿子们,对他们说:“你们要生养众多,遍布地面。 你们要管理所有地上的走兽、空中的飞鸟、地上的爬虫和海里的鱼,它们都必惧怕你们。 凡是活着的动物都可作你们的食物,就像菜蔬和谷物一样。 只是你们不可吃带血的肉,因为血就是生命。 凡是杀人害命的,无论人或兽,我必向他们追讨血债。凡杀人的,我必追讨他的血债。 凡杀害人的,也必被人杀害,因为人是上帝照着自己的形象造的。 你们要生养众多,使地上人口兴旺。”

上帝又对挪亚和他的儿子们说: “我要跟你们和你们的后代, 10 以及所有和你们在一起、从方舟出来的飞禽走兽和牲畜等各种动物立约。 11 我与你们立约,不再叫洪水淹没一切生灵,也不再让洪水毁灭大地。” 12 上帝说:“我与你们及各种生灵立世代永存的约,我要给这个约一个记号。 13 我把彩虹放在云中,作为我跟大地立约的记号。 14 我使云彩覆盖大地的时候,会有彩虹在云中出现。 15 这样我会记得我与你们及一切生灵所立的约,水就不会再泛滥淹灭所有生灵。 16 当我看见彩虹在云中出现的时候,就会记得我与地上一切生灵立的永约。” 17 上帝对挪亚说:“彩虹是我与地上一切生灵立约的记号。”

挪亚和他的儿子

18 与挪亚一起出方舟的有他的儿子闪、含、雅弗。含是迦南的父亲。 19 挪亚这三个儿子的后代遍布天下。

20 挪亚做了农夫,他是第一个栽种葡萄园的人。 21 一天,他喝葡萄酒喝醉了,赤裸着身体躺在帐篷里。 22 迦南的父亲含看见他父亲赤身露体,便去告诉外面的两个弟兄。 23 于是,闪和雅弗拿了一件衣服搭在肩上,倒退着走进帐篷,把衣服盖在父亲身上,他们背着脸不看父亲赤裸的身体。

24 挪亚酒醒后,知道了小儿子做的事, 25 就说:

“迦南该受咒诅,
必做他弟兄的仆人的仆人。”

26 又说:

“闪的上帝耶和华当受称颂!
迦南要做闪的仆人。
27 愿上帝扩张雅弗的疆界,
愿他住在闪的帐篷里,
让迦南做他的仆人。”

28 洪水以后,挪亚又活了三百五十年。 29 挪亚一生共活了九百五十岁。

Footnotes

  1. 6:2 上帝的儿子”可能指塞特的后代,天使或有权势的人。
  2. 7:11 二月”按犹太历计算,本卷书所用月份都是按犹太历计算。