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Exodus 12:43-45
New English Translation
Exodus 12:43-45
New English Translation
Participation in the Passover
43 [a] The Lord said to Moses and Aaron, “This is the ordinance of the Passover. No foreigner may[b] share in eating it.[c] 44 But everyone’s servant who is bought for money, after you have circumcised him, may eat it. 45 A foreigner and a hired worker must not eat it.
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- Exodus 12:43 sn The section that concludes the chapter contains regulations pertaining to the Passover. The section begins at v. 43, but vv. 40-42 form a good setting for it. In this unit vv. 43-45 belong together because they stress that a stranger and foreigner cannot eat. Verse 46 stands by itself, ruling that the meal must be eaten at home. Verse 47 instructs that the whole nation was to eat it. Verses 48-49 make provision for foreigners who may wish to participate. And vv. 50-51 record the obedience of Israel.
- Exodus 12:43 tn This is taken in the modal nuance of permission, reading that no foreigner is permitted to share in it (apart from being a member of the household as a circumcised slave [v. 44] or obeying v. 48, if a free individual).
- Exodus 12:43 tn This is the partitive use of the ב (bet) preposition, expressing that the action extends to something and includes the idea of participation in it (GKC 380 §119.m).
Exodus 12:43-45
New International Version
Exodus 12:43-45
New International Version
Passover Restrictions
43 The Lord said to Moses and Aaron, “These are the regulations for the Passover meal:(A)
“No foreigner(B) may eat it. 44 Any slave you have bought may eat it after you have circumcised(C) him, 45 but a temporary resident or a hired worker(D) may not eat it.
Exodus 12:43-45
New King James Version
Exodus 12:43-45
New King James Version
Passover Regulations(A)
43 And the Lord said to Moses and Aaron, “This is (B)the ordinance of the Passover: No foreigner shall eat it. 44 But every man’s servant who is bought for money, when you have (C)circumcised him, then he may eat it. 45 (D)A sojourner and a hired servant shall not eat it.
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Exodus 12:43-45
English Standard Version
Exodus 12:43-45
English Standard Version
Institution of the Passover
43 And the Lord said to Moses and Aaron, “This is the statute of the Passover: no foreigner shall eat of it, 44 but every slave[a] that is (A)bought for money may eat of it after you have circumcised him. 45 (B)No foreigner or hired worker may eat of it.
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- Exodus 12:44 Or servant; the Hebrew term ‘ebed designates a range of social and economic roles (see Preface)
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New International Version (NIV) 
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New King James Version (NKJV) 
Scripture taken from the New King James Version®. Copyright © 1982 by Thomas Nelson. Used by permission. All rights reserved.
English Standard Version (ESV) 
The ESV® Bible (The Holy Bible, English Standard Version®), © 2001 by Crossway, a publishing ministry of Good News Publishers. ESV Text Edition: 2025.