Deuteronomy 3:5
New English Translation
5 All of these cities were fortified by high walls, gates, and locking bars;[a] in addition there were a great many open villages.[b]
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- Deuteronomy 3:5 tn Or “high walls and barred gates” (NLT); Heb “high walls, gates, and bars.” Since “bars” could be understood to mean “saloons,” the qualifying adjective “locking” has been supplied in the translation.
- Deuteronomy 3:5 tn The Hebrew term פְּרָזִי (perazi) refers to rural areas, at the most “unwalled villages” (KJV, NASB “unwalled towns”).
Joshua 6:26
New English Translation
26 At that time Joshua made this solemn declaration:[a] “The man who attempts to rebuild[b] this city of Jericho[c] will stand condemned before the Lord.[d] He will lose his firstborn son when he lays its foundations and his youngest son when he erects its gates!”[e]
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- Joshua 6:26 tn Normally the Hiphil of שָׁבַע (shavaʿ) has a causative sense (“make [someone] take an oath”; see Josh 2:17, 20), but here (see also Josh 23:7) no object is stated or implied. If Joshua is calling divine judgment down upon the one who attempts to rebuild Jericho, then “make a solemn appeal [to God as judge]” or “pronounce a curse” would be an appropriate translation. However, the tone seems stronger. Joshua appears to be announcing the certain punishment of the violator. 1 Kgs 16:34, which records the fulfillment of Joshua’s prediction, supports this. Casting Joshua in a prophetic role, it refers to Joshua’s statement as the “word of the Lord” spoken through Joshua.
- Joshua 6:26 tn Heb “rises up and builds.”
- Joshua 6:26 tc The LXX omits “Jericho.” It is probably a scribal addition.
- Joshua 6:26 tn The Hebrew phrase אָרוּר לִפְנֵי יְהוָה (ʾarur lifne yehvah, “cursed [i.e., condemned] before the Lord”) also occurs in 1 Sam 26:19.
- Joshua 6:26 tn Heb “With his firstborn he will lay its foundations and with his youngest he will erect its gates.” The Hebrew verb יַצִּיב (yatsiv, “he will erect”) is imperfect, not jussive, suggesting Joshua’s statement is a prediction, not an imprecation.
1 Samuel 23:7
New English Translation
7 When Saul was told that David had come to Keilah, Saul said, “God has delivered[a] him into my hand, for he has boxed himself into a corner by entering a city with two barred gates.”[b]
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- 1 Samuel 23:7 tn The MT reading (“God has alienated him into my hand”) in v. 7 is a difficult and uncommon idiom. The use of this verb in Jer 19:4 is somewhat parallel, but not entirely so. Many scholars have therefore suspected a textual problem here, emending the word נִכַּר (nikkar, “alienated”) to סִכַּר (sikkar, “he has shut up [i.e., delivered]”). This is the idea reflected in the translations of the Syriac Peshitta and Vulgate, although it is not entirely clear whether they are reading something different from the MT or are simply paraphrasing what for them too may have been a difficult text. The LXX has “God has sold him into my hands,” apparently reading מָכַר (makar, “sold”) for MT’s נִכַּר. The present translation is a rather free interpretation.
- 1 Samuel 23:7 tn Heb “with two gates and a bar.” Since in English “bar” could be understood as a saloon, it has been translated as an attributive: “two barred gates.”
2 Samuel 18:24
New English Translation
24 Now David was sitting between the inner and outer gates,[a] and the watchman went up to the roof over the gate at the wall. When he looked, he saw a man running by himself.
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- 2 Samuel 18:24 tn Heb “the two gates.”
2 Chronicles 8:5
New English Translation
5 He made upper Beth Horon and lower Beth Horon fortified cities with walls and barred gates,[a]
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- 2 Chronicles 8:5 tn Heb “and he built…[as] cities of fortification, [with] walls, doors, and a bar.”
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