Die rettende Botschaft erreicht auch die nichtjüdischen Völker (Kapitel 10–15)

Der römische Hauptmann Kornelius

10 In Cäsarea lebte damals ein römischer Hauptmann, der Kornelius hieß und im Italischen Regiment diente. Er war ein Mann, der den Gott Israels ehrte und sich mit allen, die in seinem Haus lebten, zu ihm bekannte. Er tat viel für die Armen und betete treu zu Gott. Dieser Mann hatte eines Tages gegen drei Uhr nachmittags eine Vision. Er sah deutlich, wie ein Engel Gottes bei ihm eintrat. »Kornelius!«, rief der Engel. Erschrocken sah Kornelius auf und fragte: »Was willst du, Herr?« Da antwortete ihm der Engel: »Gott hat deine Gebete gehört und weiß, wie viel Gutes du den Armen tust. Deshalb schick ein paar Leute nach Joppe. Sie sollen sich dort nach einem Simon Petrus erkundigen und ihn bitten, zu dir zu kommen. Er wohnt gerade bei dem Gerber Simon, dessen Haus am Meer liegt.«

Gleich nachdem der Engel gegangen war, rief Kornelius zwei seiner Diener zu sich, außerdem einen Soldaten, der wie Kornelius dem jüdischen Glauben nahestand und zu seinem persönlichen Schutz eingesetzt war. Ihnen erzählte er alles, was er eben erlebt hatte, und sandte sie nach Joppe.

Petrus hat eine Vision

Als sich die Boten am folgenden Tag schon der Stadt Joppe näherten, stieg Petrus auf das flache Dach des Hauses, um dort ungestört zu beten. Es war gerade um die Mittagszeit, 10 und Petrus bekam Hunger und bat um etwas zu essen. Während man seine Mahlzeit zubereitete, hatte er eine Vision:

11 Petrus sah, wie sich der Himmel öffnete und etwas herabkam, das wie ein großes Leinentuch aussah. Es wurde an seinen vier Ecken zusammengehalten und so auf die Erde heruntergelassen. 12 In dem Tuch waren alle möglichen Arten von vierfüßigen Tieren und Kriechtieren, aber auch von Vögeln. Alle diese Tiere sind für Juden unrein und dürfen deshalb nicht gegessen werden.[a] 13 Dann hörte Petrus eine Stimme, die ihn aufforderte: »Petrus, steh auf, schlachte diese Tiere und iss davon!« 14 »Niemals, Herr!«, entgegnete Petrus. »Noch nie in meinem Leben habe ich etwas Unreines oder Verbotenes gegessen.« 15 Da sprach die Stimme ein zweites Mal zu ihm: »Wenn Gott etwas für rein erklärt hat, dann nenne du es nicht unrein.« 16 Dreimal wiederholte sich dieser Vorgang. Gleich darauf wurde das Tuch mit den Tieren darin wieder in den Himmel gehoben.

17 Petrus verstand nicht, was diese Erscheinung bedeuten sollte. Aber während er noch überlegte, klopften die Boten von Kornelius an die Haustür. Sie hatten sich bis zum Haus von Simon, dem Gerber, durchgefragt. 18 »Wohnt hier ein Mann, der Simon Petrus heißt?«, erkundigten sie sich.

19 Petrus dachte noch immer über die Vision nach, als der Heilige Geist zu ihm sprach: »Hör zu! Unten sind drei Männer, die zu dir wollen. 20 Geh hinunter und reise mit ihnen. Du brauchst keine Bedenken zu haben, denn ich habe sie gesandt.« 21 Petrus ging hinunter. »Ich bin der, den ihr sucht«, sagte er. »Warum seid ihr hierhergekommen?« 22 Sie erwiderten: »Der Hauptmann Kornelius schickt uns. Er ist ein rechtschaffener Mann, der den Gott Israels verehrt und von allen Juden hoch geachtet wird. Durch einen heiligen Engel erhielt er von Gott den Auftrag, dich in sein Haus einzuladen und darauf zu hören, was du ihm zu sagen hast.« 23 Petrus bat die Männer herein und sorgte dafür, dass sie etwas zu essen bekamen und bei Simon übernachten konnten. Bereits am nächsten Tag brach er mit ihnen nach Cäsarea auf, wobei ihn einige aus der Gemeinde von Joppe begleiteten.

24 Als sie am folgenden Tag dort ankamen, wurden sie schon von Kornelius erwartet. Er hatte seine Verwandten und engsten Freunde zu sich eingeladen. 25 Noch bevor Petrus das Haus betreten hatte, kam ihm Kornelius entgegen und warf sich ehrerbietig vor ihm nieder. 26 Doch Petrus wehrte ab: »Steh auf, ich bin auch nur ein Mensch!«, und half ihm wieder auf. 27 Während sie noch miteinander redeten, betraten sie das Haus. Petrus sah die vielen Menschen, die auf ihn warteten.

28 »Ihr wisst ebenso wie ich«, begann er, »dass es einem Juden verboten ist, in das Haus eines Nichtjuden zu gehen oder sich auch nur mit ihm zu treffen. Aber Gott hat mir gezeigt: Ich darf keinen Menschen für unrein halten und ihm darum die Gemeinschaft verweigern. 29 Deshalb bin ich auch ohne Zögern zu euch gekommen, als ihr mich gerufen habt. Aber jetzt möchte ich doch gerne wissen, aus welchem Grund ihr nach mir geschickt habt.« 30 Kornelius antwortete: »Vor drei Tagen betete ich nachmittags in meinem Haus. Es war drei Uhr, ungefähr dieselbe Zeit wie heute. Da stand plötzlich ein Mann in einem leuchtenden Gewand vor mir 31 und sagte: ›Kornelius, Gott hat deine Gebete gehört, und er weiß, dass du den Armen viel Gutes tust. 32 Deshalb beauftragt er dich, Leute nach Joppe zu schicken, die Simon Petrus zu dir bringen sollen. Er wohnt am Meer im Haus des Gerbers Simon.[b] 33 Ich habe meine Boten sofort zu dir geschickt, und ich freue mich, dass du gekommen bist. Nun sind wir alle hier in Gottes Gegenwart versammelt und wollen hören, was du uns im Auftrag des Herrn zu sagen hast.«

Gott liebt jeden Menschen

34 Da begann Petrus zu sprechen: »Jetzt erst habe ich wirklich verstanden, dass Gott niemanden wegen seiner Herkunft bevorzugt oder benachteiligt. 35 Alle Menschen sind ihm willkommen, ganz gleich, aus welchem Volk sie stammen, wenn sie nur Ehrfurcht vor ihm haben und so leben, wie es ihm gefällt. 36 Ihr kennt die rettende Botschaft, die Gott dem Volk Israel verkünden ließ: Er hat durch Jesus Christus Frieden gebracht, und Christus ist ja der Herr über alle!

37 Ihr wisst auch, was im ganzen jüdischen Land geschehen ist. Angefangen hat alles in Galiläa, nachdem Johannes der Täufer die Menschen dazu aufgerufen hatte, sich taufen zu lassen: 38 Jesus aus Nazareth, der von Gott versprochene Retter, ist von Ort zu Ort gezogen. Er hat überall Gutes getan und alle geheilt, die der Teufel in seiner Gewalt hatte, denn Gott selbst hatte ihm seine Macht und den Heiligen Geist gegeben. Gott stand ihm bei.

39 Wir Apostel sind Augenzeugen für alles, was er in Israel und in Jerusalem getan hat. Diesen Jesus haben sie ans Kreuz genagelt und getötet. 40 Doch am dritten Tag hat Gott ihn wieder zum Leben erweckt. Danach ist er im Auftrag Gottes als Auferstandener erschienen, 41 zwar nicht dem ganzen Volk, aber uns, seinen Jüngern, die Gott schon im Voraus als Zeugen bestimmt hatte. Ja, wir haben nach seiner Auferstehung sogar mit ihm gegessen und getrunken. 42 Jesus gab uns den Auftrag, dem ganzen jüdischen Volk zu sagen und zu bezeugen, dass Gott ihn als Richter über die Lebenden und die Toten eingesetzt hat. 43 Schon die Propheten haben alle über ihn gesprochen. Durch ihn – so haben sie es vorausgesagt – werden jedem Menschen seine Sünden vergeben, der an ihn glaubt.[c]«

Menschen aus anderen Völkern werden in die Gemeinde aufgenommen

44 Petrus hatte seine Rede noch nicht beendet, da kam der Heilige Geist auf alle, die ihm zuhörten. 45 Die jüdischen Christen, die mit Petrus gekommen waren, konnten es kaum fassen, dass Gott auch Nichtjuden den Heiligen Geist schenkte. 46 Denn sie hörten, wie die Menschen in fremden Sprachen redeten und Gott lobten.

Da wandte sich Petrus an seine Begleiter: 47 »Wer könnte ihnen jetzt noch die Taufe verweigern, wo sie genau wie wir den Heiligen Geist empfangen haben?« 48 Und er ließ alle auf den Namen von Jesus Christus taufen. Danach baten sie Petrus, er möge noch einige Tage bei ihnen bleiben.

Footnotes

  1. 10,12 Vgl. 3. Mose 11; 20,25.
  2. 10,32 Andere Handschriften fügen hinzu: Er hat dir etwas zu sagen.
  3. 10,43 Vgl. Jesaja 53,5‒6; Jeremia 31,34 u.a.

Cornelius Sends a Delegation

10 There was a certain man in (A)Caesarea called Cornelius, a centurion of what was called the Italian [a]Regiment, (B)a devout man and one who (C)feared God with all his household, who gave [b]alms generously to the people, and prayed to God always. About [c]the ninth hour of the day (D)he saw clearly in a vision an angel of God coming in and saying to him, “Cornelius!”

And when he observed him, he was afraid, and said, “What is it, lord?”

So he said to him, “Your prayers and your alms have come up for a memorial before God. Now (E)send men to Joppa, and send for Simon whose surname is Peter. He is lodging with (F)Simon, a tanner, whose house is by the sea. (G)He[d] will tell you what you must do.” And when the angel who spoke to him had departed, Cornelius called two of his household servants and a devout soldier from among those who waited on him continually. So when he had explained all these things to them, he sent them to Joppa.

Peter’s Vision

The next day, as they went on their journey and drew near the city, (H)Peter went up on the housetop to pray, about [e]the sixth hour. 10 Then he became very hungry and wanted to eat; but while they made ready, he fell into a trance 11 and (I)saw heaven opened and an object like a great sheet bound at the four corners, descending to him and let down to the earth. 12 In it were all kinds of four-footed animals of the earth, wild beasts, creeping things, and birds of the air. 13 And a voice came to him, “Rise, Peter; kill and eat.”

14 But Peter said, “Not so, Lord! (J)For I have never eaten anything common or unclean.”

15 And a voice spoke to him again the second time, (K)“What God has [f]cleansed you must not call common.” 16 This was done three times. And the object was taken up into heaven again.

Summoned to Caesarea

17 Now while Peter [g]wondered within himself what this vision which he had seen meant, behold, the men who had been sent from Cornelius had made inquiry for Simon’s house, and stood before the gate. 18 And they called and asked whether Simon, whose surname was Peter, was lodging there.

19 While Peter thought about the vision, (L)the Spirit said to him, “Behold, three men are seeking you. 20 (M)Arise therefore, go down and go with them, doubting nothing; for I have sent them.”

21 Then Peter went down to the men [h]who had been sent to him from Cornelius, and said, “Yes, I am he whom you seek. For what reason have you come?”

22 And they said, “Cornelius the centurion, a just man, one who fears God and (N)has a good reputation among all the nation of the Jews, was divinely instructed by a holy angel to summon you to his house, and to hear words from you.” 23 Then he invited them in and lodged them.

On the next day Peter went away with them, (O)and some brethren from Joppa accompanied him.

Peter Meets Cornelius

24 And the following day they entered Caesarea. Now Cornelius was waiting for them, and had called together his relatives and close friends. 25 As Peter was coming in, Cornelius met him and fell down at his feet and worshiped him. 26 But Peter lifted him up, saying, (P)“Stand up; I myself am also a man.” 27 And as he talked with him, he went in and found many who had come together. 28 Then he said to them, “You know how (Q)unlawful it is for a Jewish man to keep company with or go to one of another nation. But (R)God has shown me that I should not call any man common or unclean. 29 Therefore I came without objection as soon as I was sent for. I ask, then, for what reason have you sent for me?”

30 So Cornelius said, [i]“Four days ago I was fasting until this hour; and at the ninth hour I prayed in my house, and behold, (S)a man stood before me (T)in bright clothing, 31 and said, ‘Cornelius, (U)your prayer has been heard, and (V)your [j]alms are remembered in the sight of God. 32 Send therefore to Joppa and call Simon here, whose surname is Peter. He is lodging in the house of Simon, a tanner, by the sea. [k]When he comes, he will speak to you.’ 33 So I sent to you immediately, and you have done well to come. Now therefore, we are all present before God, to hear all the things commanded you by God.”

Preaching to Cornelius’ Household

34 Then Peter opened his mouth and said: (W)“In truth I perceive that God shows no partiality. 35 But (X)in every nation whoever fears Him and works righteousness is (Y)accepted by Him. 36 The word which God sent to the [l]children of Israel, (Z)preaching peace through Jesus Christ—(AA)He is Lord of all— 37 that word you know, which was proclaimed throughout all Judea, and (AB)began from Galilee after the baptism which John preached: 38 how (AC)God anointed Jesus of Nazareth with the Holy Spirit and with power, who (AD)went about doing good and healing all who were oppressed by the devil, (AE)for God was with Him. 39 And we are (AF)witnesses of all things which He did both in the land of the Jews and in Jerusalem, whom [m]they (AG)killed by hanging on a tree. 40 Him (AH)God raised up on the third day, and showed Him openly, 41 (AI)not to all the people, but to witnesses chosen before by God, even to us (AJ)who ate and drank with Him after He arose from the dead. 42 And (AK)He commanded us to preach to the people, and to testify (AL)that it is He who was ordained by God to be Judge (AM)of the living and the dead. 43 (AN)To Him all the prophets witness that, through His name, (AO)whoever believes in Him will receive (AP)remission[n] of sins.”

The Holy Spirit Falls on the Gentiles

44 While Peter was still speaking these words, (AQ)the Holy Spirit fell upon all those who heard the word. 45 (AR)And [o]those of the circumcision who believed were astonished, as many as came with Peter, (AS)because the gift of the Holy Spirit had been poured out on the Gentiles also. 46 For they heard them speak with tongues and magnify God.

Then Peter answered, 47 “Can anyone forbid water, that these should not be baptized who have received the Holy Spirit (AT)just as we have? 48 (AU)And he commanded them to be baptized (AV)in the name of the Lord. Then they asked him to stay a few days.

Footnotes

  1. Acts 10:1 Cohort
  2. Acts 10:2 charitable gifts
  3. Acts 10:3 3 p.m.
  4. Acts 10:6 NU, M omit the rest of v. 6.
  5. Acts 10:9 Noon
  6. Acts 10:15 Declared clean
  7. Acts 10:17 was perplexed
  8. Acts 10:21 NU, M omit who had been sent to him from Cornelius
  9. Acts 10:30 NU Four days ago to this hour, at the ninth hour
  10. Acts 10:31 charitable gifts
  11. Acts 10:32 NU omits the rest of v. 32.
  12. Acts 10:36 Lit. sons
  13. Acts 10:39 NU, M they also
  14. Acts 10:43 forgiveness
  15. Acts 10:45 The Jews

Cornelius Calls for Peter

10 At Caesarea(A) there was a man named Cornelius, a centurion in what was known as the Italian Regiment. He and all his family were devout and God-fearing;(B) he gave generously to those in need and prayed to God regularly. One day at about three in the afternoon(C) he had a vision.(D) He distinctly saw an angel(E) of God, who came to him and said, “Cornelius!”

Cornelius stared at him in fear. “What is it, Lord?” he asked.

The angel answered, “Your prayers and gifts to the poor have come up as a memorial offering(F) before God.(G) Now send men to Joppa(H) to bring back a man named Simon who is called Peter. He is staying with Simon the tanner,(I) whose house is by the sea.”

When the angel who spoke to him had gone, Cornelius called two of his servants and a devout soldier who was one of his attendants. He told them everything that had happened and sent them to Joppa.(J)

Peter’s Vision(K)

About noon the following day as they were on their journey and approaching the city, Peter went up on the roof(L) to pray. 10 He became hungry and wanted something to eat, and while the meal was being prepared, he fell into a trance.(M) 11 He saw heaven opened(N) and something like a large sheet being let down to earth by its four corners. 12 It contained all kinds of four-footed animals, as well as reptiles and birds. 13 Then a voice told him, “Get up, Peter. Kill and eat.”

14 “Surely not, Lord!”(O) Peter replied. “I have never eaten anything impure or unclean.”(P)

15 The voice spoke to him a second time, “Do not call anything impure that God has made clean.”(Q)

16 This happened three times, and immediately the sheet was taken back to heaven.

17 While Peter was wondering about the meaning of the vision,(R) the men sent by Cornelius(S) found out where Simon’s house was and stopped at the gate. 18 They called out, asking if Simon who was known as Peter was staying there.

19 While Peter was still thinking about the vision,(T) the Spirit said(U) to him, “Simon, three[a] men are looking for you. 20 So get up and go downstairs. Do not hesitate to go with them, for I have sent them.”(V)

21 Peter went down and said to the men, “I’m the one you’re looking for. Why have you come?”

22 The men replied, “We have come from Cornelius the centurion. He is a righteous and God-fearing man,(W) who is respected by all the Jewish people. A holy angel told him to ask you to come to his house so that he could hear what you have to say.”(X) 23 Then Peter invited the men into the house to be his guests.

Peter at Cornelius’s House

The next day Peter started out with them, and some of the believers(Y) from Joppa went along.(Z) 24 The following day he arrived in Caesarea.(AA) Cornelius was expecting them and had called together his relatives and close friends. 25 As Peter entered the house, Cornelius met him and fell at his feet in reverence. 26 But Peter made him get up. “Stand up,” he said, “I am only a man myself.”(AB)

27 While talking with him, Peter went inside and found a large gathering of people.(AC) 28 He said to them: “You are well aware that it is against our law for a Jew to associate with or visit a Gentile.(AD) But God has shown me that I should not call anyone impure or unclean.(AE) 29 So when I was sent for, I came without raising any objection. May I ask why you sent for me?”

30 Cornelius answered: “Three days ago I was in my house praying at this hour, at three in the afternoon. Suddenly a man in shining clothes(AF) stood before me 31 and said, ‘Cornelius, God has heard your prayer and remembered your gifts to the poor. 32 Send to Joppa for Simon who is called Peter. He is a guest in the home of Simon the tanner, who lives by the sea.’ 33 So I sent for you immediately, and it was good of you to come. Now we are all here in the presence of God to listen to everything the Lord has commanded you to tell us.”

34 Then Peter began to speak: “I now realize how true it is that God does not show favoritism(AG) 35 but accepts from every nation the one who fears him and does what is right.(AH) 36 You know the message(AI) God sent to the people of Israel, announcing the good news(AJ) of peace(AK) through Jesus Christ, who is Lord of all.(AL) 37 You know what has happened throughout the province of Judea, beginning in Galilee after the baptism that John preached— 38 how God anointed(AM) Jesus of Nazareth with the Holy Spirit and power, and how he went around doing good and healing(AN) all who were under the power of the devil, because God was with him.(AO)

39 “We are witnesses(AP) of everything he did in the country of the Jews and in Jerusalem. They killed him by hanging him on a cross,(AQ) 40 but God raised him from the dead(AR) on the third day and caused him to be seen. 41 He was not seen by all the people,(AS) but by witnesses whom God had already chosen—by us who ate(AT) and drank with him after he rose from the dead. 42 He commanded us to preach to the people(AU) and to testify that he is the one whom God appointed as judge of the living and the dead.(AV) 43 All the prophets testify about him(AW) that everyone(AX) who believes(AY) in him receives forgiveness of sins through his name.”(AZ)

44 While Peter was still speaking these words, the Holy Spirit came on(BA) all who heard the message. 45 The circumcised believers who had come with Peter(BB) were astonished that the gift of the Holy Spirit had been poured out(BC) even on Gentiles.(BD) 46 For they heard them speaking in tongues[b](BE) and praising God.

Then Peter said, 47 “Surely no one can stand in the way of their being baptized with water.(BF) They have received the Holy Spirit just as we have.”(BG) 48 So he ordered that they be baptized in the name of Jesus Christ.(BH) Then they asked Peter to stay with them for a few days.

Footnotes

  1. Acts 10:19 One early manuscript two; other manuscripts do not have the number.
  2. Acts 10:46 Or other languages