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大卫初生之子

扫罗家和大卫家争战许久,大卫家日见强盛,扫罗家日见衰弱。

大卫希伯仑得了几个儿子:长子暗嫩,是耶斯列亚希暖所生的; 次子基利押[a],是做过迦密拿八的妻亚比该所生的;三子押沙龙,是基述达买的女儿玛迦所生的; 四子亚多尼雅,是哈及所生的;五子示法提雅,是亚比她所生的; 六子以特念,是大卫的妻以格拉所生的。大卫这六个儿子都是在希伯仑生的。

扫罗家和大卫家争战的时候,押尼珥扫罗家大有权势。 扫罗有一妃嫔,名叫利斯巴,是爱亚的女儿。一日,伊施波设押尼珥说:“你为什么与我父的妃嫔同房呢?” 押尼珥伊施波设的话就甚发怒,说:“我岂是犹大的狗头呢?我恩待你父扫罗的家和他的弟兄、朋友,不将你交在大卫手里,今日你竟为这妇人责备我吗? 10 我若不照着耶和华起誓应许大卫的话行,废去扫罗的位,建立大卫的位,使他治理以色列犹大,从直到别是巴,愿神重重地降罚于我!” 11 伊施波设惧怕押尼珥,不敢回答一句。

押尼珥结约归大卫

12 押尼珥打发人去见大卫,替他说:“这国归谁呢?”又说:“你与我立约,我必帮助你,使以色列人都归服你。” 13 大卫说:“好!我与你立约。但有一件,你来见我面的时候,若不将扫罗的女儿米甲带来,必不得见我的面。” 14 大卫就打发人去见扫罗的儿子伊施波设,说:“你要将我的妻米甲归还我,她是我从前用一百非利士人的阳皮所聘定的。” 15 伊施波设就打发人去,将米甲拉亿的儿子,她丈夫帕铁那里接回来。 16 米甲的丈夫跟着她,一面走一面哭,直跟到巴户琳押尼珥说:“你回去吧!”帕铁就回去了。

17 押尼珥以色列长老说:“从前你们愿意大卫做王治理你们, 18 现在你们可以照心愿而行。因为耶和华曾论到大卫说:‘我必借我仆人大卫的手,救我民以色列脱离非利士人和众仇敌的手。’” 19 押尼珥也用这话说给便雅悯人听,又到希伯仑,将以色列人和便雅悯全家一切所喜悦的事说给大卫听。 20 押尼珥带着二十个人来到希伯仑大卫大卫就为押尼珥和他带来的人设摆筵席。 21 押尼珥大卫说:“我要起身去招聚以色列众人来见我主我王,与你立约,你就可以照着心愿做王。”于是大卫押尼珥去,押尼珥就平平安安地去了。

约押疑忌押尼珥

22 约押大卫的仆人攻击敌军,带回许多的掠物。那时押尼珥不在希伯仑大卫那里,因大卫已经送他去,他也平平安安地去了。 23 约押和跟随他的全军到了,就有人告诉约押说,尼珥的儿子押尼珥来见王,王送他去,他也平平安安地去了。 24 约押去见王说:“你这是做什么呢?押尼珥来见你,你为何送他去,他就踪影不见了呢? 25 你当晓得,尼珥的儿子押尼珥来是要诓哄你,要知道你的出入和你一切所行的事。” 26 约押大卫那里出来,就打发人去追赶押尼珥,在西拉井追上他,将他带回来,大卫却不知道。

刺杀押尼珥

27 押尼珥回到希伯仑约押领他到城门的瓮洞,假作要与他说机密话,就在那里刺透他的肚腹,他便死了。这是报杀他兄弟亚撒黑的仇。 28 大卫听见了,就说:“流尼珥的儿子押尼珥的血,这罪在耶和华面前必永不归我和我的国。 29 愿流他血的罪归到约押头上和他父的全家!又愿约押家不断有患漏症的,长大麻风的,架拐而行的,被刀杀死的,缺乏饮食的!” 30 约押和他兄弟亚比筛杀了押尼珥,是因押尼珥基遍争战的时候杀了他们的兄弟亚撒黑

大卫哀悼押尼珥

31 大卫吩咐约押和跟随他的众人说:“你们当撕裂衣服,腰束麻布,在押尼珥棺前哀哭。”大卫王也跟在棺后。 32 他们将押尼珥葬在希伯仑。王在押尼珥的墓旁放声而哭,众民也都哭了。 33 王为押尼珥举哀,说:“押尼珥何竟像愚顽人死呢? 34 你手未曾捆绑,脚未曾锁住,你死如人死在罪孽之辈手下一样。”于是众民又为押尼珥哀哭。 35 日头未落的时候,众民来劝大卫吃饭,但大卫起誓说:“我若在日头未落以前吃饭,或吃别物,愿神重重地降罚于我!” 36 众民知道了就都喜悦。凡王所行的,众民无不喜悦。 37 那日,以色列众民才知道杀尼珥的儿子押尼珥并非出于王意。 38 王对臣仆说:“你们岂不知今日以色列人中死了一个做元帅的大丈夫吗? 39 我虽然受膏为王,今日还是软弱,这洗鲁雅的两个儿子比我刚强。愿耶和华照着恶人所行的恶报应他!”

Footnotes

  1. 撒母耳记下 3:3 “基利押”在《历代上》3章1节作“但以利”。

La guerra fra la casa di Saul e la casa di Davide fu lunga. Davide si faceva sempre piú forte, mentre la casa di Saul si indeboliva sempre di piú.

In Hebron a Davide nacquero dei figli. Il suo primogenito fu Amnon, di Ahinoam la Jezreelita;

il secondo fu Kileab, di Abigail la Karmelita, già moglie di Nabal; il terzo fu Absalom, figlio di Maakah, figlia di Talmai, re di Gheshur;

il quarto fu Adonijah, figlio di Hagghith; il quinto fu Scefatiah, figlio di Abital,

e il sesto fu Ithream, figlio di Eglah, moglie di Davide. Questi nacquero a Davide in Hebron.

Durante la guerra fra la casa di Davide e la casa di Saul, Abner si tenne saldamente stretto alla casa di Saul.

Or Saul aveva avuto una concubina di nome Ritspah, figlia di Aiah; e Ish-Bosceth disse ad Abner: «Perché sei entrato dalla concubina di mio padre?»

Abner si adirò fortemente per le parole di Ish-Bosceth e rispose: «Sono forse una testa di cane di Giuda? Fino ad oggi ho usato fedeltà verso la casa di Saul tuo padre, verso i suoi fratelli e i suoi amici e non ti ho dato nelle mani di Davide, e proprio oggi tu mi rimproveri la colpa commessa con questa donna!

DIO faccia cosí a Abner e anche peggio, se io non faccio per Davide ciò che l'Eterno gli ha giurato:

10 trasferire il regno dalla casa di Saul e stabilire il trono di Davide su Israele e su Giuda, da Dan fino a Beer-Sceba».

11 Ish-Bosceth non potè rispondere una sola parola ad Abner, perché aveva paura di lui.

12 Allora Abner mandò a nome suo messaggeri a Davide per dirgli: «A chi appartiene il paese? Fa' alleanza con me e la mia mano sarà con te per riportare tutto Israele a te».

13 Davide rispose: «Ho una cosa da chiederti: Io farò alleanza con te, ma tu non vedrai la mia faccia se prima non mi condurrai Mikal figlia di Saul, quando verrai a vedermi».

14 Cosí Davide mandò messaggeri a Ish-Bosceth, figlio di Saul. per dire: «Restituisci mia moglie Mikal, a cui mi fidanzai per cento prepuzi di Filistei».

15 Ish-Bosceth mandò a prenderla presso suo marito Paltiel, figlio di Laish.

16 Suo marito andò con lei e la seguí piangendo fino a Bahurim. Poi Abner gli disse: «Va

17 Poi Abner rivolse la parola agli anziani d'Israele, dicendo: «Già da lungo tempo chiedete Davide per vostro re.

18 Ora è tempo di agire, perché l'Eterno ha parlato di Davide, dicendo: "Per mezzo di Davide, mio servo, io salverò il mio popolo Israele dalle mani dei Filistei e da tutti i suoi nemici"».

19 Abner parlò anche con quelli di Beniamino. Poi Abner andò da Davide a Hebron per riferirgli tutto ciò che parve bene a Israele e a tutta la casa di Beniamino.

20 Cosí Abner giunse da Davide a Hebron con venti uomini, e Davide fece un convito per Abner e per gli uomini che erano con lui.

21 Poi Abner disse a Davide: «Io mi leverò e andrò a radunare tutto Israele intorno al re mio signore, affinché essi facciano alleanza con te e tu possa regnare su tutto ciò che il tuo cuore desidera». Poi Davide congedò Abner, che se ne andò In pace.

22 Ed ecco, i servi di Davide e Joab tornavano da una razzia, portando con sé un grande bottino; ma Abner non era più con Davide in Hebron, perché questi lo aveva congedato ed egli se ne era andato in pace.

23 Quando arrivarono Joab e tutti i soldati che erano con lui, qualcuno riferí la cosa a Joab, dicendo: «E' venuto Abner figlio di Ner, dal re, che lo ha congedato ed egli se ne è andato in pace».

24 Allora Joab si recò dal re e gli disse «Che cosa hai fatto? Ecco, è venuto Abner da te; perché l'hai congedato, ed egli se ne è già andato?

25 Tu sai che Abner, figlio di Ner, è venuto per ingannarti, per conoscere le tue mosse e per sapere tutto ciò che fai».

26 Dopo aver lasciato la presenza di Davide, Joab mandò messaggeri dietro Abner, i quali lo fecero tornare indietro dalla cisterna di Sirah senza che Davide lo sapesse.

27 Quando Abner tornò a Hebron Joab lo prese in disparte in mezzo alla porta, come per parlargli in segreto e qui lo colpí al ventre e lo uccise per vendicare il sangue di Asahel, suo fratello.

28 Piú tardi Davide venne a sapere della cosa e disse: «Io e il mio regno siamo in perpetuo innocenti davanti all'Eterno del sangue di Abner, figlio di Ner.

29 Esso ricada sul capo di Joab e su tutta la casa di suo padre; non manchi mai nella casa di Joab chi soffra di flusso o di lebbra o debba appoggiarsi al bastone o perisca di spada o sia senza pane!».

30 Cosí Joab ed Abishai, suo fratello, uccisero Abner, perché questi aveva ucciso Asahel loro fratello a Gabaon, in battaglia.

31 Poi Davide disse a Joab e a tutto il popolo che era con lui: «Stracciatevi le vesti, cingetevi di sacco e fate cordoglio per la morte di Abner!». Anche il re Davide andò dietro alla bara.

32 Cosí seppellirono Abner a Hebron, e il re alzò la voce e pianse davanti alla tomba di Abner; anche tutto il popolo pianse.

33 Il re intonò un lamento su Abner e disse: «Doveva Abner morire come muore uno stolto?

34 Le tue mani non erano legate, né i tuoi piedi erano stretti in catene di bronzo! Sei caduto davanti a malfattori». Cosí tutto il popolo pianse di nuovo su di lui.

35 Poi tutto il popolo venne per invitare Davide a prendere cibo, mentre era ancora giorno; ma Davide giurò dicendo: «Cosí mi faccia DIO e anche peggio se assaggerò pane o alcun'altra cosa prima che tramonti il sole».

36 Tutto il popolo capí e approvò la cosa; tutto ciò che il re faceva era approvato da tutto il popolo.

37 Cosí tutto il popolo e tutto Israele compresero che non era affatto intenzione del re uccidere in quel giorno Abner, figlio di Ner.

38 Il re disse quindi ai suoi servi: «Non sapete che un principe e un grande uomo è caduto oggi in Israele?

39 Anche se unto re, io sono ancora debole, mentre questi uomini, i figli di Tseruiah, sono troppo forti per me. Ripaghi l'Eterno il malvagio secondo la sua malvagità».

The war between the house of Saul and the house of David lasted a long time.(A) David grew stronger and stronger,(B) while the house of Saul grew weaker and weaker.(C)

Sons were born to David in Hebron:

His firstborn was Amnon(D) the son of Ahinoam(E) of Jezreel;

his second, Kileab the son of Abigail(F) the widow of Nabal of Carmel;

the third, Absalom(G) the son of Maakah daughter of Talmai king of Geshur;(H)

the fourth, Adonijah(I) the son of Haggith;

the fifth, Shephatiah the son of Abital;

and the sixth, Ithream the son of David’s wife Eglah.

These were born to David in Hebron.

Abner Goes Over to David

During the war between the house of Saul and the house of David, Abner(J) had been strengthening his own position in the house of Saul. Now Saul had had a concubine(K) named Rizpah(L) daughter of Aiah. And Ish-Bosheth said to Abner, “Why did you sleep with my father’s concubine?”

Abner was very angry because of what Ish-Bosheth said. So he answered, “Am I a dog’s head(M)—on Judah’s side? This very day I am loyal to the house of your father Saul and to his family and friends. I haven’t handed you over to David. Yet now you accuse me of an offense involving this woman! May God deal with Abner, be it ever so severely, if I do not do for David what the Lord promised(N) him on oath 10 and transfer the kingdom from the house of Saul and establish David’s throne over Israel and Judah from Dan to Beersheba.”(O) 11 Ish-Bosheth did not dare to say another word to Abner, because he was afraid of him.

12 Then Abner sent messengers on his behalf to say to David, “Whose land is it? Make an agreement with me, and I will help you bring all Israel over to you.”

13 “Good,” said David. “I will make an agreement with you. But I demand one thing of you: Do not come into my presence unless you bring Michal daughter of Saul when you come to see me.”(P) 14 Then David sent messengers to Ish-Bosheth son of Saul, demanding, “Give me my wife Michal,(Q) whom I betrothed to myself for the price of a hundred Philistine foreskins.”

15 So Ish-Bosheth gave orders and had her taken away from her husband(R) Paltiel(S) son of Laish. 16 Her husband, however, went with her, weeping behind her all the way to Bahurim.(T) Then Abner said to him, “Go back home!” So he went back.

17 Abner conferred with the elders(U) of Israel and said, “For some time you have wanted to make David your king. 18 Now do it! For the Lord promised David, ‘By my servant David I will rescue my people Israel from the hand of the Philistines(V) and from the hand of all their enemies.(W)’”

19 Abner also spoke to the Benjamites in person. Then he went to Hebron to tell David everything that Israel and the whole tribe of Benjamin(X) wanted to do. 20 When Abner, who had twenty men with him, came to David at Hebron, David prepared a feast(Y) for him and his men. 21 Then Abner said to David, “Let me go at once and assemble all Israel for my lord the king, so that they may make a covenant(Z) with you, and that you may rule over all that your heart desires.”(AA) So David sent Abner away, and he went in peace.

Joab Murders Abner

22 Just then David’s men and Joab returned from a raid and brought with them a great deal of plunder. But Abner was no longer with David in Hebron, because David had sent him away, and he had gone in peace. 23 When Joab and all the soldiers with him arrived, he was told that Abner son of Ner had come to the king and that the king had sent him away and that he had gone in peace.

24 So Joab went to the king and said, “What have you done? Look, Abner came to you. Why did you let him go? Now he is gone! 25 You know Abner son of Ner; he came to deceive you and observe your movements and find out everything you are doing.”

26 Joab then left David and sent messengers after Abner, and they brought him back from the cistern at Sirah. But David did not know it. 27 Now when Abner(AB) returned to Hebron, Joab took him aside into an inner chamber, as if to speak with him privately. And there, to avenge the blood of his brother Asahel, Joab stabbed him(AC) in the stomach, and he died.(AD)

28 Later, when David heard about this, he said, “I and my kingdom are forever innocent(AE) before the Lord concerning the blood of Abner son of Ner. 29 May his blood(AF) fall on the head of Joab and on his whole family!(AG) May Joab’s family never be without someone who has a running sore(AH) or leprosy[a] or who leans on a crutch or who falls by the sword or who lacks food.”

30 (Joab and his brother Abishai murdered Abner because he had killed their brother Asahel in the battle at Gibeon.)

31 Then David said to Joab and all the people with him, “Tear your clothes and put on sackcloth(AI) and walk in mourning(AJ) in front of Abner.” King David himself walked behind the bier. 32 They buried Abner in Hebron, and the king wept(AK) aloud at Abner’s tomb. All the people wept also.

33 The king sang this lament(AL) for Abner:

“Should Abner have died as the lawless die?
34     Your hands were not bound,
    your feet were not fettered.(AM)
You fell as one falls before the wicked.”

And all the people wept over him again.

35 Then they all came and urged David to eat something while it was still day; but David took an oath, saying, “May God deal with me, be it ever so severely,(AN) if I taste bread(AO) or anything else before the sun sets!”

36 All the people took note and were pleased; indeed, everything the king did pleased them. 37 So on that day all the people there and all Israel knew that the king had no part(AP) in the murder of Abner son of Ner.

38 Then the king said to his men, “Do you not realize that a commander and a great man has fallen(AQ) in Israel this day? 39 And today, though I am the anointed king, I am weak, and these sons of Zeruiah(AR) are too strong(AS) for me.(AT) May the Lord repay(AU) the evildoer according to his evil deeds!”

Footnotes

  1. 2 Samuel 3:29 The Hebrew for leprosy was used for various diseases affecting the skin.

The House of David Strengthened

Now (A)the war between the house of Saul and the house of David was long; and David grew steadily stronger, but the house of Saul grew weaker continually.

(B)And sons were born to David at Hebron: his firstborn was Amnon, by (C)Ahinoam the Jezreelitess; and his second, Chileab, by Abigail the wife of Nabal the Carmelite; and the third, Absalom the son of (D)Maacah, the daughter of Talmai king of (E)Geshur; and the fourth, (F)Adonijah the son of Haggith; and the fifth, Shephatiah the son of Abital; and the sixth, Ithream, by David’s wife Eglah. These were born to David at Hebron.

Abner Cuts a Covenant with David

Now it happened, while there was war between the house of Saul and the house of David that (G)Abner was making himself strong in the house of Saul. Now Saul had a concubine whose name was (H)Rizpah, the daughter of Aiah; and [a]Ish-bosheth said to Abner, “Why have you gone in to my father’s concubine?” Then Abner was very angry over the words of Ish-bosheth and said, “(I)Am I a dog’s head that belongs to Judah? Today I show lovingkindness to the house of Saul your father, to his brothers and to his friends, and have not delivered you into the hands of David; and yet today you charge me with a guilt concerning the woman. (J)May God do so to Abner, and more also, if (K)as Yahweh has sworn to David, I do not do this for him, 10 (L)to transfer the kingdom from the house of Saul and to establish the throne of David over Israel and over Judah, (M)from Dan even to Beersheba.” 11 And he could no longer respond a word to Abner, because he was afraid of him.

12 Then Abner sent messengers to David in his place, saying, “Whose is the land? Cut your covenant with me, and behold, my hand shall be with you to turn all Israel over to you.” 13 And he said, “Good! I will cut a covenant with you, but I ask one thing of you, [b]namely, (N)you shall not see my face unless you (O)first bring Michal, Saul’s daughter, when you come to see my face.” 14 So David sent messengers to Ish-bosheth, Saul’s son, saying, “Give me my wife Michal, to whom I was betrothed (P)for one hundred foreskins of the Philistines.” 15 And Ish-bosheth sent and took her from her husband, from [c]Paltiel the son of Laish. 16 But her husband went with her, weeping as he went, and followed her as far as (Q)Bahurim. Then Abner said to him, “Go, return.” So he returned.

17 Now Abner had [d]consultation with (R)the elders of Israel, saying, “In times past you were seeking for David to be king over you. 18 So now, do it! For Yahweh has spoken of David, saying, ‘(S)By the hand of My servant David [e]I will save My people Israel from the hand of the Philistines and from the hand of all their enemies.’” 19 Abner also spoke in the hearing of Benjamin; and in addition Abner went to speak in the hearing of David in Hebron all that was good in the sight of Israel and in the sight of (T)the whole house of Benjamin.

20 Then Abner and twenty men with him came to David at Hebron. And David made a feast for Abner and the men who were with him. 21 And Abner said to David, “Let me arise and go and (U)gather all Israel to my lord the king, that they may cut a covenant with you, and that (V)you may be king over all that your soul desires.” So David sent Abner away, and he went in peace.

22 And behold, (W)the servants of David and Joab came from a raid and brought much spoil with them; but Abner was not with David in Hebron, for he had sent him away, and he had gone in peace. 23 Now Joab and all the army that was with him arrived, and they told Joab, saying, “Abner the son of Ner came to the king, and he has sent him away, and he has gone in peace.” 24 Then Joab came to the king and said, “What have you done? Behold, Abner came to you; why then have you sent him away and he is already gone? 25 You know Abner the son of Ner, that he came to deceive you and to know of (X)your going out and your coming in and to know all that you are doing.”

Joab Strikes Abner

26 Then Joab came out from David and sent messengers after Abner, and they brought him back from the well of Sirah; but David did not know it. 27 So when Abner returned to Hebron, Joab took him aside into the middle of the gate to speak with him privately, and there (Y)he struck him in the belly so that he died on account of the blood of Asahel his brother. 28 Afterward David heard it, so he said, “I and my kingdom are innocent before Yahweh forever of the blood of Abner the son of Ner. 29 (Z)May it whirl on the head of Joab and on all his father’s house; and may (AA)one who has a discharge, or who is a leper, or who takes hold of a spindle, or who falls by the sword, or who lacks bread not be cut off from the house of Joab.” 30 So Joab and Abishai his brother killed Abner (AB)because he had put their brother Asahel to death in the battle at Gibeon.

David’s Lament for Abner

31 Then David said to Joab and to all the people who were with him, “(AC)Tear your clothes and gird on sackcloth and lament before Abner.” And King David walked behind the bier. 32 Thus they buried Abner in Hebron; and the king lifted up his voice and wept at (AD)the grave of Abner, and all the people wept. 33 (AE)And the king chanted a lament for Abner and said,

“Should Abner die as a wicked fool dies?
34 Your hands were not bound, nor your feet put in fetters;
As one falls before the [f]unrighteous, you have fallen.”

And all the people continued to weep over him. 35 Then all the people came (AF)to [g]persuade David to eat bread while it was still day; but David swore an oath, saying, “(AG)May God do so to me, and more also, if I taste bread or anything else (AH)before the sun goes down.” 36 Now all the people took note of it, and it was good in their sight, just as everything the king did was good in the sight of all the people. 37 So all the people and all Israel knew that day that it had not been the will of the king to put Abner the son of Ner to death. 38 Then the king said to his servants, “Do you not know that a prince and a great man has fallen this day in Israel? 39 Thus I am (AI)weak today, though anointed king; and these men (AJ)the sons of Zeruiah are too difficult for me. (AK)May Yahweh repay the evildoer according to his evil.”

Footnotes

  1. 2 Samuel 3:7 As in some ancient mss and versions; M.T. he
  2. 2 Samuel 3:13 Lit saying
  3. 2 Samuel 3:15 In 1 Sam 25:44, Palti
  4. 2 Samuel 3:17 Lit a word
  5. 2 Samuel 3:18 As in many ancient mss and versions; M.T. he
  6. 2 Samuel 3:34 Lit sons of unrighteousness
  7. 2 Samuel 3:35 Lit cause