2 Reis 25
Portuguese New Testament: Easy-to-Read Version
25 Então Nabucodonosor, rei da Babilônia, atacou com todo seu exército a Jerusalém no dia dez, do décimo mês do nono ano do reino de Zedequias. Nabucodonosor cercou a Jerusalém com todo seu exército e construiu um muro de terra ao redor da cidade. 2 A cidade esteve cercada até o décimo primeiro ano do reinado de Zedequias, rei de Judá. 3 A fome se fez cada vez pior dentro da cidade e no dia nove não tinha mais alimentos para o povo.
4 O exército de Nabucodonosor abriu uma brecha no muro da cidade. Aquela mesma noite o rei Zedequias e todo seu exército fugiram por uma porta secreta que passava pelo muro duplo da cidade, perto do jardim do rei. Os soldados inimigos cercaram a cidade, mas Zedequias e os seus homens escaparam pelo caminho do Arabá. 5 Mas o exército babilônio perseguiu o rei e o alcançou na planície de Jericó. Ali todo o exército de Zedequias fugiu e se dispersou.
6 Os babilônios capturaram o rei e o levaram perante o rei da Babilônia em Ribla. Nabucodonosor ditou a sua sentença contra Zedequias. 7 Os filhos de Zedequias foram degolados na frente do seu pai. Depois tiraram os olhos de Zedequias, o acorrentaram e o levaram prisioneiro para a Babilônia.
A destruição de Jerusalém
8 No sétimo dia do quinto mês do ano dezenove do reinado de Nabucodonosor, rei da Babilônia, Nebuzaradã, comandante-geral da guarda e alto funcionário do governo, conseguiu entrar em Jerusalém. 9 Ele incendiou o templo do SENHOR, o palácio do rei, e todas as casas, especialmente as das pessoas mais importantes. 10 Então todo o exército da Babilônia, que estava sob seu mando, derrubou as muralhas de Jerusalém. 11 Nebuzaradã conquistou todo o povo que estava na cidade e o levou prisioneiro, até os que tinham se passado para o grupo do rei da Babilônia. 12 Mas ele deixou as pessoas mais pobres do povo para que cuidassem das vinhas e colheitas.
13 Os babilônios quebraram todos os objetos de bronze do templo do SENHOR: as colunas de bronze, as plataformas de bronze, e o grande tanque de bronze. Então levaram todo o bronze para a Babilônia. 14 Também levaram as panelas, as pás, os cortadores de pavio, as colheres e todos os utensílios de bronze que eram utilizados no serviço do templo. 15 O comandante da guarda levou também os incensários e os pratos fundos, tudo feito de ouro e de prata. 16 Não foi possível calcular o peso das duas colunas de bronze, do enorme tanque de bronze, e das bases de bronze[a] que o rei Salomão tinha feito para o templo do SENHOR porque pesavam muito. 17 Cada coluna media oito metros[b] de altura. O capitel de bronze que estava sobre cada coluna media dois metros de altura e estava enfeitado com uma grade e romãs gravadas em volta sua. As duas colunas tinham o mesmo desenho.
Os desterrados
18 O comandante da guarda também levou como prisioneiros Seraías, o sumo sacerdote; Sofonias, o segundo sacerdote; e os três porteiros do templo.
19 Dos que ficaram na cidade, ele levou presos o comandante que estava encarregado dos soldados, os cinco conselheiros do rei, o chefe de recrutamento do exército, e sessenta pessoas de importância que ainda estavam na cidade.
20 Nebuzaradã, comandante da guarda, prendeu todos eles e os levou perante o rei da Babilônia, que estava em Ribla. 21 Este deu a ordem ali mesmo em Ribla, no território de Hamate, que os executassem.
Assim foi como a nação de Judá foi desterrada.
Gedalias, governador de Judá
22 Nabucodonosor, rei da Babilônia, nomeou governador sobre o povo que deixou em Judá a Gedalias, filho de Aicão e neto de Safã. 23 Quando os oficiais do exército souberam que Gedalias tinha sido escolhido como governador pelo rei da Babilônia, foram vê-lo em Mispá. Eles eram: Ismael, filho de Netanias; Joanã, filho de Careá; Seraías, filho de Tanumete, de Netofa; e Jazanias, filho de Maacá. 24 Gedalias fez esta promessa aos oficiais e aos seus homens:
—Não tenham medo dos oficiais babilônios. Fiquem aqui, sirvam ao rei da Babilônia e tudo lhes irá bem.
25 No mês sétimo, Ismael foi com dez homens até Mispá e matou Gedalias. Também matou os babilônios e os judeus que acompanhavam Gedalias. Ismael era filho de Netanias e neto de Elisama. Elisama era da família real. 26 Então todo o povo, tanto os mais importantes como os mais humildes, junto com os oficiais do exército, fugiram para o Egito. Eles fizeram isso porque ficaram com medo dos babilônios.
27 O rei Joaquim, de Judá, ficou preso por trinta e sete anos. No ano trinta e sete de Joaquim estar preso, Evil-Merodaque se tornou rei da Babilônia. Antes desse ano acabar, no dia vinte e sete do mês doze, o rei mandou tirar Joaquim da prisão. 28 O rei o tratou bem e o favoreceu com um cargo mais importante que o dos outros reis que estavam com ele na Babilônia. 29 Joaquim deixou de usar uniforme de prisioneiro e até o dia da sua morte fez parte da mesa do rei. 30 Além disso, o rei Evil-Merodaque deu a Joaquim uma pensão diária pelo resto da sua vida.
2 Reis 25
Almeida Revista e Corrigida 2009
25 E sucedeu que, no nono ano do reinado de Zedequias, no mês décimo, aos dez do mês, Nabucodonosor, rei de Babilônia, veio contra Jerusalém, ele e todo o seu exército, e se acamparam contra ela, e levantaram contra ela tranqueiras em redor. 2 E a cidade foi sitiada até ao undécimo ano do rei Zedequias. 3 Aos nove dias do quarto mês, quando a cidade se via apertada da fome, nem havia pão para o povo da terra, 4 então, a cidade foi arrombada, e todos os homens de guerra fugiram de noite pelo caminho da porta que está entre os dois muros junto ao jardim do rei (porque os caldeus estavam contra a cidade em redor); e o rei se foi pelo caminho da campina. 5 Porém o exército dos caldeus perseguiu o rei e o alcançou nas campinas de Jericó; e todo o seu exército se dispersou. 6 E tomaram o rei e o fizeram subir ao rei de Babilônia, a Ribla; e procederam contra ele. 7 E aos filhos de Zedequias degolaram diante dos seus olhos; e vazaram os olhos a Zedequias, e o ataram com duas cadeias de bronze, e o levaram a Babilônia.
8 E, no quinto mês, no sétimo dia do mês (este era o ano décimo nono de Nabucodonosor, rei de Babilônia), veio Nebuzaradã, capitão da guarda, servo do rei de Babilônia, a Jerusalém. 9 E queimou a Casa do Senhor e a casa do rei, como também todas as casas de Jerusalém; todas as casas dos grandes igualmente queimou. 10 E todo o exército dos caldeus, que estava com o capitão da guarda derribou os muros em redor de Jerusalém. 11 E o mais do povo que deixaram ficar na cidade, e os rebeldes que se renderam ao rei de Babilônia, e o mais da multidão, Nebuzaradã, o capitão da guarda, levou presos. 12 Porém dos mais pobres da terra deixou o capitão da guarda ficar alguns para vinheiros e para lavradores. 13 Quebraram mais os caldeus as colunas de cobre que estavam na Casa do Senhor, como também as bases e o mar de cobre que estavam na Casa do Senhor; e levaram o seu bronze para Babilônia. 14 Também tomaram as caldeiras, e as pás, e os apagadores, e os perfumadores, e todos os utensílios de cobre, com que se ministrava. 15 Também o capitão da guarda tomou os braseiros e as bacias e tudo mais que era de puro ouro ou de prata. 16 As duas colunas, o mar e as bases que Salomão fizera para a Casa do Senhor, o peso do cobre de todos esses utensílios era incalculável. 17 A altura de uma coluna era de dezoito côvados, e sobre ela havia um capitel de cobre, e de altura tinha o capitel três côvados; e a rede, e as romãs em roda do capitel, tudo era de cobre; e semelhante a esta era a outra coluna com a rede. 18 Também o capitão da guarda tomou a Seraías, primeiro sacerdote, e a Sofonias, segundo sacerdote, e aos três guardas do umbral da porta. 19 E da cidade tomou a um eunuco, que tinha cargo da gente de guerra, e a cinco homens dos que viam a face do rei, e se acharam na cidade, como também ao escrivão-mor do exército, que registrava o povo da terra para a guerra, e a sessenta homens do povo da terra, que se acharam na cidade. 20 E tomando-os Nebuzaradã, o capitão da guarda, os trouxe ao rei de Babilônia, a Ribla. 21 E o rei de Babilônia os feriu e os matou em Ribla, na terra de Hamate; e Judá foi levado preso para fora da sua terra. 22 Porém, quanto ao povo que ficava na terra de Judá, Nabucodonosor, rei de Babilônia, que o deixara ficar, pôs sobre ele por maioral a Gedalias, filho de Aicão, filho de Safã.
Gedalias governa, mas Ismael mata-o
23 Ouvindo, pois, os capitães dos exércitos, eles e os seus homens, que o rei de Babilônia pusera a Gedalias por maioral, vieram a Gedalias, a Mispa, a saber, Ismael, filho de Netanias, e Joanã, filho de Careá, e Seraías, filho de Tanumete, o netofatita, e Jazanias, filho do maacatita, eles e os seus homens. 24 E Gedalias jurou a eles e aos seus homens e lhes disse: Não temais ser servos dos caldeus; ficai na terra e servi ao rei de Babilônia, e bem vos irá. 25 Sucedeu, porém, que, no sétimo mês, veio Ismael, filho de Netanias, o filho de Elisama, da semente real, e dez homens com ele, e feriram Gedalias, e ele morreu, como também os judeus, e os caldeus que estavam com ele em Mispa. 26 Então, todo o povo se levantou, desde o menor até ao maior, como também os capitães dos exércitos, e vieram ao Egito, porque temiam os caldeus.
27 Depois disso, sucedeu que, no ano trinta e sete do cativeiro de Joaquim, rei de Judá, no mês duodécimo, aos vinte e sete do mês, Evil-Merodaque, rei de Babilônia, libertou, no ano em que reinou, a Joaquim, rei de Judá, da casa da prisão. 28 E lhe falou benignamente e pôs o seu trono acima do trono dos reis que estavam com ele em Babilônia. 29 E lhe mudou as vestes da prisão, e de contínuo Joaquim comia pão na sua presença todos os dias da sua vida. 30 E, quanto à sua subsistência pelo rei, lhe foi dada subsistência contínua, a porção de cada dia no seu dia, todos os dias da sua vida.
2 Kings 25
King James Version
25 And it came to pass in the ninth year of his reign, in the tenth month, in the tenth day of the month, that Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon came, he, and all his host, against Jerusalem, and pitched against it; and they built forts against it round about.
2 And the city was besieged unto the eleventh year of king Zedekiah.
3 And on the ninth day of the fourth month the famine prevailed in the city, and there was no bread for the people of the land.
4 And the city was broken up, and all the men of war fled by night by the way of the gate between two walls, which is by the king's garden: (now the Chaldees were against the city round about:) and the king went the way toward the plain.
5 And the army of the Chaldees pursued after the king, and overtook him in the plains of Jericho: and all his army were scattered from him.
6 So they took the king, and brought him up to the king of Babylon to Riblah; and they gave judgment upon him.
7 And they slew the sons of Zedekiah before his eyes, and put out the eyes of Zedekiah, and bound him with fetters of brass, and carried him to Babylon.
8 And in the fifth month, on the seventh day of the month, which is the nineteenth year of king Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon, came Nebuzaradan, captain of the guard, a servant of the king of Babylon, unto Jerusalem:
9 And he burnt the house of the Lord, and the king's house, and all the houses of Jerusalem, and every great man's house burnt he with fire.
10 And all the army of the Chaldees, that were with the captain of the guard, brake down the walls of Jerusalem round about.
11 Now the rest of the people that were left in the city, and the fugitives that fell away to the king of Babylon, with the remnant of the multitude, did Nebuzaradan the captain of the guard carry away.
12 But the captain of the guard left of the poor of the land to be vinedressers and husbandmen.
13 And the pillars of brass that were in the house of the Lord, and the bases, and the brasen sea that was in the house of the Lord, did the Chaldees break in pieces, and carried the brass of them to Babylon.
14 And the pots, and the shovels, and the snuffers, and the spoons, and all the vessels of brass wherewith they ministered, took they away.
15 And the firepans, and the bowls, and such things as were of gold, in gold, and of silver, in silver, the captain of the guard took away.
16 The two pillars, one sea, and the bases which Solomon had made for the house of the Lord; the brass of all these vessels was without weight.
17 The height of the one pillar was eighteen cubits, and the chapiter upon it was brass: and the height of the chapiter three cubits; and the wreathen work, and pomegranates upon the chapiter round about, all of brass: and like unto these had the second pillar with wreathen work.
18 And the captain of the guard took Seraiah the chief priest, and Zephaniah the second priest, and the three keepers of the door:
19 And out of the city he took an officer that was set over the men of war, and five men of them that were in the king's presence, which were found in the city, and the principal scribe of the host, which mustered the people of the land, and threescore men of the people of the land that were found in the city:
20 And Nebuzaradan captain of the guard took these, and brought them to the king of Babylon to Riblah:
21 And the king of Babylon smote them, and slew them at Riblah in the land of Hamath. So Judah was carried away out of their land.
22 And as for the people that remained in the land of Judah, whom Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon had left, even over them he made Gedaliah the son of Ahikam, the son of Shaphan, ruler.
23 And when all the captains of the armies, they and their men, heard that the king of Babylon had made Gedaliah governor, there came to Gedaliah to Mizpah, even Ishmael the son of Nethaniah, and Johanan the son of Careah, and Seraiah the son of Tanhumeth the Netophathite, and Jaazaniah the son of a Maachathite, they and their men.
24 And Gedaliah sware to them, and to their men, and said unto them, Fear not to be the servants of the Chaldees: dwell in the land, and serve the king of Babylon; and it shall be well with you.
25 But it came to pass in the seventh month, that Ishmael the son of Nethaniah, the son of Elishama, of the seed royal, came, and ten men with him, and smote Gedaliah, that he died, and the Jews and the Chaldees that were with him at Mizpah.
26 And all the people, both small and great, and the captains of the armies, arose, and came to Egypt: for they were afraid of the Chaldees.
27 And it came to pass in the seven and thirtieth year of the captivity of Jehoiachin king of Judah, in the twelfth month, on the seven and twentieth day of the month, that Evilmerodach king of Babylon in the year that he began to reign did lift up the head of Jehoiachin king of Judah out of prison;
28 And he spake kindly to him, and set his throne above the throne of the kings that were with him in Babylon;
29 And changed his prison garments: and he did eat bread continually before him all the days of his life.
30 And his allowance was a continual allowance given him of the king, a daily rate for every day, all the days of his life.
2 Kings 25
New English Translation
25 1 So King Nebuchadnezzar of Babylon came against Jerusalem with his whole army and set up camp outside[a] it. They built siege ramps all around it. He arrived on the tenth day of the tenth month in the ninth year of Zedekiah’s reign.[b] 2 The city remained under siege until King Zedekiah’s eleventh year. 3 By the ninth day of the fourth month[c] the famine in the city was so severe the residents[d] had no food. 4 The enemy broke through the city walls,[e] and all the soldiers tried to escape. They left the city during the night.[f] They went through the gate between the two walls, which is near the king’s garden.[g] (The Babylonians were all around the city.) Then they headed for the rift valley.[h] 5 But the Babylonian army chased after the king. They caught up with him in the rift valley plains of Jericho,[i] and his entire army deserted him. 6 They captured the king and brought him up to the king of Babylon at Riblah,[j] where he[k] passed sentence on him. 7 Zedekiah’s sons were executed while Zedekiah was forced to watch.[l] The king of Babylon[m] then had Zedekiah’s eyes put out, bound him in bronze chains, and carried him off to Babylon.
Nebuchadnezzar Destroys Jerusalem
8 On the seventh[n] day of the fifth month,[o] in the nineteenth year of King Nebuchadnezzar of Babylon, Nebuzaradan, the captain of the royal guard,[p] who served the king of Babylon, arrived in Jerusalem. 9 He burned down the Lord’s temple, the royal palace, and all the houses in Jerusalem, including every large house.[q] 10 The whole Babylonian army that came with the captain of the royal guard tore down the walls that surrounded Jerusalem. 11 Nebuzaradan, the captain of the royal guard, deported the rest of the people who were left in the city, those who had deserted to the king of Babylon, and the rest of the craftsmen.[r] 12 But he[s] left behind some of the poor of the land and gave them fields and vineyards.
13 The Babylonians broke the two bronze pillars in the Lord’s temple, as well as the movable stands and the big bronze basin called “The Sea.”[t] They took the bronze to Babylon. 14 They also took the pots, shovels,[u] trimming shears,[v] pans, and all the bronze utensils used by the priests.[w] 15 The captain of the royal guard took the golden and silver censers[x] and basins. 16 The bronze of the items that King Solomon made for the Lord’s temple—including the two pillars, the big bronze basin called “The Sea,” the twelve bronze bulls under “The Sea,”[y] and the movable stands—was too heavy to be weighed. 17 Each of the pillars was about twenty-seven feet[z] high. The bronze top of one pillar was about 4½ feet[aa] high and had bronze latticework and pomegranate-shaped ornaments all around it. The second pillar with its latticework was like it.
18 The captain of the royal guard took Seraiah, the chief priest, and Zephaniah, the priest who was second in rank, and the three doorkeepers. 19 From the city he took a eunuch who was in charge of the soldiers, five[ab] of the king’s advisers[ac] who were discovered in the city, an official army secretary who drafted citizens[ad] for military service, and sixty citizens from the people of the land who were discovered in the city. 20 Nebuzaradan, captain of the royal guard, took them and brought them to the king of Babylon at Riblah. 21 The king of Babylon ordered them to be executed[ae] at Riblah in the territory[af] of Hamath. So Judah was deported from its land.
Gedaliah Appointed Governor
22 Now King Nebuchadnezzar of Babylon appointed Gedaliah son of Ahikam, son of Shaphan, as governor over the people whom he allowed to remain in the land of Judah.[ag] 23 All the officers of the Judahite army[ah] and their troops heard that the king of Babylon had appointed Gedaliah to govern. So they came to Gedaliah at Mizpah. The officers who came were Ishmael son of Nethaniah, Johanan son of Kareah, Seraiah son of Tanhumeth the Netophathite, and Jaazaniah son of the Maacathite. 24 Gedaliah took an oath so as to give them and their troops some assurance of safety.[ai] He said, “You don’t need to be afraid to submit to the Babylonian officials. Settle down in the land and submit to the king of Babylon. Then things will go well for you.” 25 But in the seventh month[aj] Ishmael son of Nethaniah, son of Elishama, who was a member of the royal family,[ak] came with ten of his men and murdered Gedaliah,[al] as well as the Judeans and Babylonians who were with him at Mizpah. 26 Then all the people, from the youngest to the oldest, as well as the army officers, left for[am] Egypt, because they were afraid of what the Babylonians might do.
Jehoiachin in Babylon
27 In the thirty-seventh year of the exile of King Jehoiachin of Judah, on the twenty-seventh[an] day of the twelfth month,[ao] King Evil Merodach of Babylon, in the first year of his reign, pardoned[ap] King Jehoiachin of Judah and released him[aq] from prison. 28 He spoke kindly to him and gave him a more prestigious position than[ar] the other kings who were with him in Babylon. 29 Jehoiachin[as] took off his prison clothes and ate daily in the king’s presence for the rest of his life. 30 He was given daily provisions by the king for the rest of his life until the day he died.[at]
Footnotes
- 2 Kings 25:1 tn Or “against.”
- 2 Kings 25:1 sn This would have been Jan 15, 588 b.c. The reckoning is based on the calendar that begins the year in the spring (Nisan = March/April).
- 2 Kings 25:3 tn The MT has simply “of the month,” but the parallel passage in Jer 52:6 has “fourth month,” and this is followed by almost all English translations. The word “fourth,” however, is not actually present in the MT of 2 Kgs 25:3.sn According to modern reckoning that would have been July 18, 586 b.c. The siege thus lasted almost a full eighteen months.
- 2 Kings 25:3 tn Heb “the people of the land.”
- 2 Kings 25:4 tn Heb “the city was breached.”
- 2 Kings 25:4 tn The Hebrew text is abrupt here: “And all the men of war by the night.” The translation attempts to capture the sense.
- 2 Kings 25:4 sn The king’s garden is mentioned again in Neh 3:15 in conjunction with the pool of Siloam and the stairs that go down from the City of David. This would have been in the southern part of the city near the Tyropean Valley which agrees with the reference to the “two walls” which were probably the walls on the eastern and western hills.
- 2 Kings 25:4 sn The rift valley (עֲרָבָה, ʿarabah) extends northward of the Dead Sea past Galilee and southward to the Gulf of Aqaba. Here the southern part of the Jordan Valley is in view with the intention to escape across the Jordan river to Moab or Ammon. It appears from Jer 40:14; 41:15 that the Ammonites were known to harbor fugitives from the Babylonians.
- 2 Kings 25:5 sn The rift valley plains of Jericho refer to the parts of the Jordan Valley in the vicinity of Jericho (see HALOT 880 s.v. עֲרָבָה). There the terrain is fairly level and slopes gently down to the Jordan, a descent of about 450 feet over five miles. Many translations render this as “the plains of Jericho” (ESV, NASB, NIV, KJV). See the note at Num 22:1.
- 2 Kings 25:6 sn Riblah was a strategic town on the Orontes River in Syria. It was at a crossing of the major roads between Egypt and Mesopotamia. Pharaoh Necho had earlier received Jehoahaz there and put him in chains (2 Kgs 23:33) prior to taking him captive to Egypt. Nebuchadnezzar had set up his base camp for conducting his campaigns against the Palestinian states there and was now sitting in judgment on prisoners brought to him.
- 2 Kings 25:6 tn The Hebrew text has the plural form of the verb, but the parallel passage in Jer 52:9 has the singular.
- 2 Kings 25:7 tn Heb “were killed before his eyes.”
- 2 Kings 25:7 tn Heb “he”; the referent (the king of Babylon) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
- 2 Kings 25:8 tn The parallel account in Jer 52:12 has “tenth.”
- 2 Kings 25:8 sn The seventh day of the month would have been August 14, 586 b.c. in modern reckoning.
- 2 Kings 25:8 tn For the meaning of this phrase see BDB 371 s.v. טַבָּח 2, and compare the usage in Gen 39:1.
- 2 Kings 25:9 tn Heb “and every large house he burned down with fire.”
- 2 Kings 25:11 tc The MT has “the multitude.” But הֶהָמוֹן (hehamon) should probably be emended to הֶאָמוֹן (heʾamon). See Jeremiah 52:15.
- 2 Kings 25:12 tn Heb “the captain of the royal guard.” However, the subject is clear from the preceding and contemporary English style would normally avoid repeating the proper name and title.
- 2 Kings 25:13 tn Heb “the bronze pillars that were in the Lord’s house and the stands and the bronze sea that were in the Lord’s house the Babylonians broke.”sn See the note at 1 Kgs 7:23.
- 2 Kings 25:14 sn These shovels were used to clean the altar.
- 2 Kings 25:14 sn These were used to trim the wicks.
- 2 Kings 25:14 tn Heb “with which they served [or, ‘fulfilled their duty’].”
- 2 Kings 25:15 sn These held the embers used for the incense offerings.
- 2 Kings 25:16 tc The MT lacks “the twelve bronze bulls under ‘the Sea,’” but these words have probably been accidentally omitted by homoioarcton. The scribe’s eye may have jumped from the וְהָ (veha) on וְהַבָּקָר (vehabbaqar), “and the bulls,” to the וְהָ on וְהַמְּכֹנוֹת (vehammekhonot), “and the movable stands,” causing him to leave out the intervening words. See the parallel passage in Jer 52:20.
- 2 Kings 25:17 tn Heb “18 cubits.” The standard cubit in the OT is assumed by most authorities to be about 18 inches (45 cm) long.
- 2 Kings 25:17 tn Heb “3 cubits.” The parallel passage in Jer 52:22 has “five.”
- 2 Kings 25:19 tn The parallel passage in Jer 52:25 has “seven.”
- 2 Kings 25:19 tn Heb “five men seeing the king’s face.”
- 2 Kings 25:19 tn Heb “the people of the land.”
- 2 Kings 25:21 tn Heb “struck them down and killed them.”
- 2 Kings 25:21 tn Heb “land.”
- 2 Kings 25:22 tn Heb “And the people who were left in the land of Judah, whom Nebuchadnezzar king of Babylon left, he appointed over them Gedaliah son of Ahikam, son of Shaphan.”
- 2 Kings 25:23 tn Heb “of the army.” The word “Judahite” has been supplied in the translation for clarity.
- 2 Kings 25:24 tn The words “so as to give them…some assurance of safety” are supplied in the translation for clarification.
- 2 Kings 25:25 sn It is not altogether clear whether this is in the same year that Jerusalem fell or not. The wall was breached in the fourth month (= early July; Jer 39:2) and Nebuzaradan came and burned the palace, the temple, and many of the houses and tore down the wall in the fifth month (= early August; Jer 52:12). That would have left time between the fifth month and the seventh month (October) to gather in the harvest of grapes, dates and figs, and olives (Jer 40:12). However, many commentators feel that too much activity takes place in too short a time for this to have been in the same year and posit that it happened the following year or even five years later when a further deportation took place, possibly in retaliation for the murder of Gedaliah and the Babylonian garrison at Mizpah (Jer 52:30). The assassination of Gedaliah had momentous consequences and was commemorated in one of the post exilic fast days lamenting the fall of Jerusalem (Zech 8:19).
- 2 Kings 25:25 tn Heb “[was] from the seed of the kingdom.”
- 2 Kings 25:25 tn Heb “and they struck down Gedaliah and he died.”
- 2 Kings 25:26 tn Heb “arose and went to.”
- 2 Kings 25:27 sn The parallel account in Jer 52:31 has “twenty-fifth.”
- 2 Kings 25:27 sn The twenty-seventh day would be March 22, 561 b.c. in modern reckoning.
- 2 Kings 25:27 tn Heb “lifted up the head of.”
- 2 Kings 25:27 tn The words “released him” are supplied in the translation on the basis of Jer 52:31.
- 2 Kings 25:28 tn Heb “made his throne above the throne of.”
- 2 Kings 25:29 tn Heb “he”; the referent (Jehoiachin) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
- 2 Kings 25:30 tc The words “until the day he died” do not appear in the MT, but they are included in the parallel passage in Jer 52:34. Probably they have been accidentally omitted by homoioteleuton. A scribe’s eye jumped from the final vav (ו) on בְּיוֹמוֹ (beyomo), “in his day,” to the final vav (ו) on מוֹתוֹ (moto), “his death,” leaving out the intervening words.
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