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Acaz, rei de Judá

28 Acaz tinha vinte anos quando começou a reinar, e governou durante dezesseis anos em Jerusalém. Ele não foi como seu antepassado Davi, pois não fez o que agradava ao SENHOR. Seguiu o exemplo dos reis de Israel e chegou ao ponto de fazer imagens dos baalins, queimar incenso no vale de Ben-Hinom e sacrificar seus filhos no fogo[a]; copiando os pecados terríveis das nações que o SENHOR expulsou do país quando vieram os israelitas. Acaz sacrificava animais e queimava incenso nos santuários sobre as montanhas, nos montes e debaixo de toda árvore frondosa.

Por causa disso, o SENHOR, seu Deus, o entregou ao poder do rei da Síria. Os sírios o derrotaram e levaram muitos prisioneiros para Damasco. Também Deus o entregou ao poder do rei de Israel, que lhe causou uma grande derrota. Na verdade, Peca, filho de Remalias, matou em Judá num só dia 120.000 soldados corajosos, porque eles tinham abandonado ao SENHOR, Deus dos seus antepassados. Zicri, um guerreiro de Efraim, matou a Maaseias, o filho do rei; a Azricão, oficial encarregado do palácio real; e a Elcana, segundo em importância depois do rei. Dentre seus irmãos de Judá, os israelitas levaram prisioneiros 200.000 pessoas, incluindo mulheres e crianças. Além disso levaram um despojo enorme.

Odede, um profeta do SENHOR, estava ali e saiu ao encontro do exército quando regressava a Samaria e lhes disse:

—O SENHOR, Deus dos seus antepassados, irritou-se contra Judá e os entregou nas suas mãos, mas vocês os tem matado com tanta violência que isso chegou até o céu. 10 E agora vocês estão pensando em fazer escravos os habitantes de Judá e Jerusalém. Mas, será que vocês não são também culpados de ter pecado contra o SENHOR, seu Deus? 11 Portanto façam-me um favor e devolvam os prisioneiros que fizeram dentre seus próprios irmãos, porque o SENHOR está muito irado com vocês.

12 Então Azarias, filho de Joanã; Berequias, filho de Mesilemote; Ezequias, filho de Salum; e Amasa, filho de Hadlai; que eram chefes de Efraim, enfrentaram o exército que voltava da guerra 13 e lhes disseram:

—Não tragam aqui os prisioneiros, porque isso nos fará culpados perante o SENHOR. O que vocês pensam fazer aumentará os pecados e a culpa que já temos diante de Deus. Ele está muito irado com Israel.

14 Então os soldados entregaram os prisioneiros e o despojo diante dos oficiais e de toda a congregação. 15 Foram escolhidos alguns para que ficassem a cargo dos prisioneiros. Com a roupa e o sapato do despojo vestiram aos que estavam nus, deram a eles de comer e beber, os ungiram com azeite, e aos que estavam fracos os montaram em jumentos e os levaram até Jericó, a cidade das palmeiras, para devolvê-los às suas famílias. Depois foram a Samaria.

16 Naquele tempo, o rei Acaz foi aos reis da Assíria para que o ajudassem, 17 porque também os edomitas os atacaram e os levaram prisioneiros. 18 Por outro lado, os filisteus tinham saqueado as cidades da planície e do sul de Canaã, tomaram as cidades de Bete-Semes, Aijalom, Gederote, Socó, Timna e Ginzo, com as suas respectivas vilas, e ocuparam esses lugares. 19 Desta maneira o SENHOR humilhou a Judá, porque Acaz, rei de Israel, tinha fomentado o desenfreio em Judá e tinha cometido grande infidelidade contra o SENHOR. 20 Então veio Tiglate-Pileser, rei da Assíria. Mas, em vez de ajudar Acaz, se colocou contra ele. 21 Acaz entregou ao rei de Assíria tudo o que havia no templo do SENHOR, no palácio e nas casas dos seus comandantes, mas esse rei não o ajudou em nada. 22 E embora estivesse numa situação difícil, Acaz continuou sendo infiel ao SENHOR. 23 Fez sacrifícios aos deuses de Damasco que o haviam derrotado, pensando assim: “Já que os deuses dos sírios os ajudaram, também me ajudarão se lhes oferecer sacrifícios”. Mas esses deuses foram a causa de sua ruína e de todo Israel. 24 Acaz juntou todos os artigos usados no templo de Deus, os quebrou em pedaços, fechou as portas do templo do SENHOR e mandou fazer altares em cada esquina de Jerusalém. 25 Em cada cidade de Judá, Acaz fez santuários pagãos onde se queimava incenso a outros deuses, fazendo irar assim o SENHOR, Deus dos seus antepassados.

26 Todas as coisas que Acaz fez, do princípio ao fim, estão escritas em O livro dos reis de Judá e de Israel. 27 Acaz morreu e foi sepultado junto com os seus antepassados, em Jerusalém, mas não o colocaram no túmulo dos reis de Israel. Seu filho Ezequias reinou no seu lugar.

Footnotes

  1. 28.3 sacrificar seus filhos no fogo Literalmente, “pôr seus filhos no fogo”.

Ahaz’s Reign

28 Ahaz was twenty years old when he began to reign, and he reigned for sixteen years in Jerusalem. He did not do what pleased the Lord, in contrast to his ancestor David.[a] He followed in the footsteps of[b] the kings of Israel; he also made images of the Baals. He offered sacrifices in the Valley of Ben Hinnom and passed his sons through the fire,[c] a horrible sin practiced by the nations[d] whom the Lord drove out before the Israelites. He offered sacrifices and burned incense on the high places, on the hills, and under every green tree.

The Lord his God handed him over to the king of Syria. The Syrians[e] defeated him and deported many captives to Damascus.[f] He was also handed over to the king of Israel, who thoroughly defeated him.[g] In one day Pekah son of Remaliah killed 120,000 warriors in Judah, because they had abandoned the Lord God of their ancestors.[h] Zikri, an Ephraimite warrior, killed the king’s son Maaseiah, Azrikam, the supervisor of the palace, and Elkanah, the king’s second-in-command. The Israelites seized from their brothers 200,000 wives, sons, and daughters. They also carried off a huge amount of plunder and took it[i] back to Samaria.

Oded, a prophet of the Lord, was there. He went to meet the army as they arrived in Samaria and said to them: “Look, because the Lord God of your ancestors was angry with Judah he handed them over to you. You have killed them so mercilessly that God has taken notice.[j] 10 And now you are planning[k] to enslave[l] the people[m] of Judah and Jerusalem. Yet are you not also guilty before the Lord your God? 11 Now listen to me! Send back those you have seized from your brothers, for the Lord is very angry at you!”[n] 12 So some of[o] the Ephraimite family leaders, Azariah son of Jehochanan, Berechiah son of Meshillemoth, Jechizkiah son of Shallum, and Amasa son of Hadlai confronted[p] those returning from the battle. 13 They said to them, “Don’t bring those captives here! Are you planning on making us even more sinful and guilty before the Lord?[q] Our guilt is already great, and the Lord is very angry at Israel.”[r] 14 So the soldiers released the captives and the plunder before the officials and the entire assembly. 15 Men were assigned to take the prisoners and find clothes among the plunder for those who were naked.[s] So they clothed them, supplied them with sandals, gave them food and drink, and provided them with oil to rub on their skin.[t] They put the ones who couldn’t walk on donkeys.[u] They brought them back to their brothers at Jericho, the city of date palm trees, and then returned to Samaria.

16 At that time King Ahaz asked the king[v] of Assyria for help. 17 The Edomites had again invaded and defeated Judah and carried off captives. 18 The Philistines had raided the cities of Judah in the foothills[w] and the Negev.[x] They captured and settled in Beth Shemesh, Aijalon, Gederoth, Soco and its surrounding villages, Timnah and its surrounding villages, and Gimzo and its surrounding villages. 19 The Lord humiliated[y] Judah because of King Ahaz of Israel,[z] for he encouraged Judah to sin and was very[aa] unfaithful to the Lord. 20 King Tiglath-Pileser[ab] of Assyria came, but he gave him more trouble than support.[ac] 21 Ahaz gathered riches[ad] from the Lord’s temple, the royal palace, and the officials and gave them to the king of Assyria, but that did not help.

22 During his time of trouble King Ahaz was even more unfaithful to the Lord. 23 He offered sacrifices to the gods of Damascus whom he thought had defeated him.[ae] He reasoned,[af] “Since the gods of the kings of Syria helped them, I will sacrifice to them so they will help me.” But they caused him and all Israel to stumble. 24 Ahaz gathered the items in God’s temple and removed them. He shut the doors of the Lord’s temple and erected altars on every street corner in Jerusalem. 25 In every city throughout Judah he set up high places to offer sacrifices to other gods. He angered the Lord God of his ancestors.

26 The rest of the events of Ahaz’s reign, including his accomplishments from start to finish, are recorded in the Scroll of the Kings of Judah and Israel.[ag] 27 Ahaz passed away[ah] and was buried in the city of Jerusalem; they did not bring him to the tombs of the kings of Israel. His son Hezekiah replaced him as king.

Footnotes

  1. 2 Chronicles 28:1 tn Heb “and he did not do what was proper in the eyes of the Lord, like David his father.”
  2. 2 Chronicles 28:2 tn Heb “he walked in the ways of.”
  3. 2 Chronicles 28:3 sn This may refer to child sacrifice, though some interpret it as a less drastic cultic practice (NEB “burnt his sons in the fire”; NASB “burned his sons in the fire”; NIV “sacrificed his sons in the fire”; NRSV “made his sons pass through fire”). For discussion see M. Cogan and H. Tadmor, II Kings (AB), 266-67.
  4. 2 Chronicles 28:3 tn Heb “like the abominable practices of the nations.”
  5. 2 Chronicles 28:5 tn Heb “they”; the referent (the Syrians) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
  6. 2 Chronicles 28:5 tn Heb “and took captive from him a great captivity and brought [them] to Damascus.”
  7. 2 Chronicles 28:5 tn Heb “who struck him down with a great striking.”
  8. 2 Chronicles 28:6 tn Heb “fathers” (also in vv. 9, 25).
  9. 2 Chronicles 28:8 tn Heb “the loot.” The pronoun (“it”) has been used in the translation for stylistic reasons, to avoid redundancy.
  10. 2 Chronicles 28:9 tn Heb “and you killed them with anger [that] reaches as far as heaven.”
  11. 2 Chronicles 28:10 tn Heb “saying.”
  12. 2 Chronicles 28:10 tn Heb “to enslave as male servants and female servants.”
  13. 2 Chronicles 28:10 tn Heb “sons.”
  14. 2 Chronicles 28:11 tn Heb “for the rage of the anger of the Lord is upon you.”
  15. 2 Chronicles 28:12 tn Heb “men from.”
  16. 2 Chronicles 28:12 tn Heb “arose against.”
  17. 2 Chronicles 28:13 tn Heb “for to the guilt of the Lord upon us you are saying to add to our sins and our guilty deeds.”
  18. 2 Chronicles 28:13 tn Heb “for great is [the] guilt to us and rage of anger is upon Israel.”
  19. 2 Chronicles 28:15 tn Heb “and the men who were designated by names arose and took the captives and all their naked ones they clothed from the loot.”
  20. 2 Chronicles 28:15 tn Heb “and poured oil on them.”
  21. 2 Chronicles 28:15 tn Heb “and they led them on donkeys, with respect to everyone stumbling.”
  22. 2 Chronicles 28:16 tc Most Hebrew mss read the plural, “kings,” but one Hebrew ms, the LXX and Vulgate read the singular “king.” Note the singular in v. 20.
  23. 2 Chronicles 28:18 sn The foothills (שְׁפֵלָה, shephelah) are the region between the Judean hill country and the Mediterranean coastal plain.
  24. 2 Chronicles 28:18 sn The Negev is an area of central, southern Judah, south of the hill country and Beer Sheba and west of the rift valley.
  25. 2 Chronicles 28:19 tn Or “subdued.”
  26. 2 Chronicles 28:19 sn That is, “of Judah.” Frequently in 2 Chronicles “Israel” is substituted for “Judah.”
  27. 2 Chronicles 28:19 tn The infinitive absolute precedes the cognate nominal form to emphasize the degree of Ahaz’s unfaithfulness.
  28. 2 Chronicles 28:20 tn Heb “Tilgath-Pilneser,” a variant spelling of Tiglath-Pileser.
  29. 2 Chronicles 28:20 tn Heb “and he caused him distress and did not strengthen him.”
  30. 2 Chronicles 28:21 tn Heb “divided up,” but some read חִלֵּץ (khillets, “despoiled”).
  31. 2 Chronicles 28:23 tn Heb “the gods of Damascus, the ones who had defeated him.” The words “he thought” are supplied in the translation for clarification. The perspective is that of Ahaz, not the narrator! Another option is that “the kings” has been accidentally omitted after “gods of.” See v. 23b.
  32. 2 Chronicles 28:23 tn Heb “said.”
  33. 2 Chronicles 28:26 tn Heb “As for the rest of his events, and all his ways, the former and the latter, look, they are written on the scroll of the kings of Judah and Israel.”
  34. 2 Chronicles 28:27 tn Heb “lay down with his fathers.”