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Mga Lingkod ng Bagong Tipan

Akala ba ninyo'y pinupuri na naman namin ang aming sarili? Kami ba'y tulad ng iba na nangangailangan pa ng rekomendasyon para sa inyo o mula sa inyo? Kayo mismo ang aming sulat ng rekomendasyon. Nakasulat kayo sa aming puso upang makilala at mabasa ng lahat. Ipinapakita ninyo na kayo ay sulat ni Cristo na ipinadala niya sa pamamagitan namin, hindi nakasulat sa tinta, kundi isinulat ng Espiritu ng Diyos na buháy, at hindi sa mga tapyas na bato kundi nakaukit sa puso ng mga tao.

Nasasabi namin ito dahil kami ay may pagtitiwala sa Diyos sa pamamagitan ni Cristo. Kung sa aming sarili lamang ay wala kaming kakayahang gawin ito; subalit ang aming kakayahan ay kaloob ng Diyos. Binigyan(A) niya kami ng kakayahang maging lingkod ng bagong tipan, isang kasunduang hindi ayon sa kautusang nakasulat kundi ayon sa Espiritu. Sapagkat ang kautusang nakasulat ay nagdudulot ng kamatayan, ngunit ang Espiritu'y nagbibigay-buhay.

Nang(B) ibigay ang Kautusang nakaukit sa mga tapyas ng bato, nahayag ang kaluwalhatian ng Diyos, kaya nga hindi matingnan ng mga Israelita ang mukha ni Moises kahit na ang liwanag na iyon sa mukha niya ay pansamantala lamang. Kung ang paglilingkod na batay sa Kautusang nakaukit sa bato, at nagdadala ng kamatayan, ay dumating na may kalakip na gayong kaluwalhatian, gaano pa kaya ang kaluwalhatian ng paglilingkod ayon sa Espiritu? Kung may kaluwalhatian ang paglilingkod na nagdudulot ng hatol na kamatayan, lalo pang maluwalhati ang paglilingkod na nagdudulot ng pagpapawalang-sala. 10 Dahil dito, masasabi nating ang dating kaluwalhatian ay wala na, sapagkat napalitan na ito ng higit na maluwalhati. 11 Kung may kaluwalhatian ang lumilipas, lalong higit ang kaluwalhatian ng nananatili magpakailanman.

12 Dahil sa pag-asa naming iyan, malakas ang aming loob. 13 Hindi(C) kami tulad ni Moises na nagtalukbong ng mukha para hindi makita ng mga Israelita ang paglipas ng kaluwalhatiang iyon. 14 Ngunit naging matigas ang kanilang ulo kaya't hanggang ngayo'y nananatili ang talukbong na iyon habang binabasa nila ang lumang tipan. Maaalis lamang ang talukbong na iyon sa pakikipag-isa kay Cristo. 15 Hanggang ngayon, may talukbong pa ang kanilang isip tuwing binabasa nila ang mga aklat ni Moises. 16 Ngunit(D) kapag lumapit ang tao sa Panginoon, naaalis ang talukbong. 17 Ang Panginoong binabanggit dito ay ang Espiritu, at kung nasaan ang Espiritu ng Panginoon ay mayroong kalayaan. 18 At ngayong naalis na ang talukbong, nagniningning sa ating mga mukha ang kaluwalhatian ng Panginoon. At ang kaluwalhatiang iyan na nagmumula sa Panginoon, na siyang Espiritu, ang siyang magbabago sa atin mula sa isang antas ng kaluwalhatian hanggang tayo'y maging kalarawan niya.

Commençons-nous de nouveau à nous recommander nous-mêmes? Ou avons-nous besoin, comme quelques-uns, de lettres de recommandation auprès de vous, ou de votre part?

C'est vous qui êtes notre lettre, écrite dans nos coeurs, connue et lue de tous les hommes.

Vous êtes manifestement une lettre de Christ, écrite, par notre ministère, non avec de l'encre, mais avec l'Esprit du Dieu vivant, non sur des tables de pierre, mais sur des tables de chair, sur les coeurs.

Cette assurance-là, nous l'avons par Christ auprès de Dieu.

Ce n'est pas à dire que nous soyons par nous-mêmes capables de concevoir quelque chose comme venant de nous-mêmes. Notre capacité, au contraire, vient de Dieu.

Il nous a aussi rendus capables d'être ministres d'une nouvelle alliance, non de la lettre, mais de l'esprit; car la lettre tue, mais l'esprit vivifie.

Or, si le ministère de la mort, gravé avec des lettres sur des pierres, a été glorieux, au point que les fils d'Israël ne pouvaient fixer les regards sur le visage de Moïse, à cause de la gloire de son visage, bien que cette gloire fût passagère,

combien le ministère de l'esprit ne sera-t-il pas plus glorieux!

Si le ministère de la condamnation a été glorieux, le ministère de la justice est de beaucoup supérieur en gloire.

10 Et, sous ce rapport, ce qui a été glorieux ne l'a point été, à cause de cette gloire qui lui est supérieure.

11 En effet, si ce qui était passager a été glorieux, ce qui est permanent est bien plus glorieux.

12 Ayant donc cette espérance, nous usons d'une grande liberté,

13 et nous ne faisons pas comme Moïse, qui mettait un voile sur son visage, pour que les fils d'Israël ne fixassent pas les regards sur la fin de ce qui était passager.

14 Mais ils sont devenus durs d'entendement. Car jusqu'à ce jour le même voile demeure quand, ils font la lecture de l'Ancien Testament, et il ne se lève pas, parce que c'est en Christ qu'il disparaît.

15 Jusqu'à ce jour, quand on lit Moïse, un voile est jeté sur leurs coeurs;

16 mais lorsque les coeurs se convertissent au Seigneur, le voile est ôté.

17 Or, le Seigneur c'est l'Esprit; et là où est l'Esprit du Seigneur, là est la liberté.

18 Nous tous qui, le visage découvert, contemplons comme dans un miroir la gloire du Seigneur, nous sommes transformés en la même image, de gloire en gloire, comme par le Seigneur, l'Esprit.

A Living Letter

Are we beginning to commend ourselves again? We don’t need letters of recommendation to you or from you as some other people do, do we?[a] You yourselves are our letter,[b] written on our hearts, known and read by everyone, revealing[c] that you are a letter of Christ, delivered by us,[d] written not with ink but by the Spirit of the living God, not on stone tablets[e] but on tablets of human hearts.

Now we have such confidence in God through Christ. Not that we are adequate[f] in ourselves to consider anything as if it were coming from ourselves, but our adequacy[g] is from God, who made us adequate[h] to be servants of a new covenant[i] not based on the letter but on the Spirit, for the letter kills, but the Spirit gives life.

The Greater Glory of the Spirit’s Ministry

But if the ministry that produced death—carved in letters on stone tablets[j]—came with glory, so that the Israelites[k] could not keep their eyes fixed on the face of Moses because of the glory of his face[l] (a glory[m] which was made ineffective),[n] how much more glorious will the ministry of the Spirit be?[o] For if there was glory in the ministry that produced condemnation,[p] how much more does the ministry that produces righteousness[q] excel[r] in glory! 10 For indeed, what had been glorious now[s] has no glory because of the tremendously greater glory of what replaced it.[t] 11 For if what was made ineffective[u] came with[v] glory, how much more has what remains[w] come in glory! 12 Therefore, since we have such a hope, we behave with great boldness,[x] 13 and not like Moses who used to put a veil over his face to keep the Israelites[y] from staring[z] at the result[aa] of the glory that was made ineffective.[ab] 14 But their minds were closed.[ac] For to this very day, the same veil remains when they hear the old covenant read.[ad] It has not been removed because only in Christ is it taken away.[ae] 15 But until this very day whenever Moses is read, a veil lies over their minds,[af] 16 but when one[ag] turns to the Lord, the veil is removed.[ah] 17 Now the Lord is the Spirit, and where the Spirit of the Lord is present,[ai] there is freedom. 18 And we all, with unveiled faces reflecting the glory of the Lord,[aj] are being transformed into the same image from one degree of glory to another,[ak] which is from[al] the Lord, who is the Spirit.[am]

Footnotes

  1. 2 Corinthians 3:1 tn The Greek construction anticipates a negative reply (“No, we do not”) which is indicated in the translation by the ‘tag’ at the end, “do we?”
  2. 2 Corinthians 3:2 tn That is, “letter of recommendation.”
  3. 2 Corinthians 3:3 tn Or “making plain.”
  4. 2 Corinthians 3:3 tn Grk “cared for by us,” an expression that could refer either to the writing or the delivery of the letter (BDAG 229 s.v. διακονέω 1). Since the following phrase refers to the writing of the letter, and since the previous verse speaks of this “letter” being “written on our [Paul’s and his companions’] hearts” it is more probable that the phrase “cared for by us” refers to the delivery of the letter (in the person of Paul and his companions).
  5. 2 Corinthians 3:3 sn An allusion to Exod 24:12; 31:18; 34:1; Deut 9:10-11.
  6. 2 Corinthians 3:5 tn Or “competent.”
  7. 2 Corinthians 3:5 tn Or “competence.”
  8. 2 Corinthians 3:6 tn Or “competent.”
  9. 2 Corinthians 3:6 sn This new covenant is promised in Jer 31:31-34; 32:40.
  10. 2 Corinthians 3:7 tn Grk “on stones,” but since this is clearly an allusion to the tablets of the Decalogue (see 2 Cor 3:3) the word “tablets” was supplied in the translation to make the connection clear.
  11. 2 Corinthians 3:7 tn Grk “so that the sons of Israel.”
  12. 2 Corinthians 3:7 sn The glory of his face. When Moses came down from Mt. Sinai with the tablets of the Decalogue, the people were afraid to approach him because his face was so radiant (Exod 34:29-30).
  13. 2 Corinthians 3:7 tn The words “a glory” are not in the Greek text, but the reference to “glory” has been repeated from the previous clause for clarity.
  14. 2 Corinthians 3:7 tn Or “which was transitory.” Traditionally this phrase is translated as “which was fading away.” The verb καταργέω in the corpus Paulinum uniformly has the meaning “to render inoperative, ineffective”; the same nuance is appropriate here. The glory of Moses’ face was rendered ineffective by the veil Moses wore. For discussion of the meaning of this verb in this context, see S. J. Hafemann, Paul, Moses, and the History of Israel (WUNT 81), 301-13. A similar translation has been adopted in the two other occurrences of the verb in this paragraph in vv. 11 and 13.
  15. 2 Corinthians 3:8 tn Grk “how will not rather the ministry of the Spirit be with glory?”
  16. 2 Corinthians 3:9 tn Grk “the ministry of condemnation”; translated as an objective genitive, “the ministry that produced condemnation.”
  17. 2 Corinthians 3:9 tn Grk “the ministry of righteousness”; translated as an objective genitive, “the ministry that produces righteousness.”
  18. 2 Corinthians 3:9 tn Traditionally, “abound.”
  19. 2 Corinthians 3:10 tn Grk “in this case.”
  20. 2 Corinthians 3:10 tn The words “of what replaced it” are not in the Greek text, but have been supplied to clarify the meaning.
  21. 2 Corinthians 3:11 tn Or “what was fading away.” See note on “which was made ineffective” in v. 7.
  22. 2 Corinthians 3:11 tn Or “through” (διά, dia).
  23. 2 Corinthians 3:11 tn Or “what is permanent.”
  24. 2 Corinthians 3:12 tn Or “we employ great openness of speech.”
  25. 2 Corinthians 3:13 tn Grk “the sons of Israel.”
  26. 2 Corinthians 3:13 tn Or “from gazing intently.”
  27. 2 Corinthians 3:13 tn Or “end.” The word τέλος (telos) can mean both “a point of time marking the end of a duration, end, termination, cessation” and “the goal toward which a movement is being directed, end, goal, outcome” (see BDAG 998-999 s.v.). The translation accepts the interpretation that Moses covered the glory of his face with the veil to prevent Israel from being judged by the glory of God (see S. J. Hafemann, Paul, Moses, and the History of Israel [WUNT 81], 347-62); in this case the latter meaning for τέλος is more appropriate.
  28. 2 Corinthians 3:13 tn Or “was fading away”; Grk “on the result of what was made ineffective.” The referent (glory) has been specified in the translation for clarity. See note on “which was made ineffective” in v. 7.
  29. 2 Corinthians 3:14 tn Grk “their minds were hardened.”
  30. 2 Corinthians 3:14 tn Grk “the same veil remains at the reading of the old covenant”; the phrase “they hear” has been introduced (“when they hear the old covenant read”) to make the link with the “Israelites” (v. 13) whose minds were closed (v. 14a) more obvious to the reader.
  31. 2 Corinthians 3:14 tn Or “only in Christ is it eliminated.”
  32. 2 Corinthians 3:15 tn Grk “their heart.”
  33. 2 Corinthians 3:16 tn Or perhaps “when(ever) he turns,” referring to Moses.
  34. 2 Corinthians 3:16 sn An allusion to Exod 34:34. The entire verse may refer to Moses, viewing him as a type portraying the Jewish convert to Christianity in Paul’s day.
  35. 2 Corinthians 3:17 tn Grk “where the Spirit of the Lord is”; the word “present” is supplied to specify that the presence of the Lord’s Spirit is emphasized rather than the mere existence of the Lord’s Spirit.
  36. 2 Corinthians 3:18 tn Or “we all with unveiled faces beholding the glory of the Lord as in a mirror.”
  37. 2 Corinthians 3:18 tn Grk “from glory to glory.”
  38. 2 Corinthians 3:18 tn Grk “just as from.”
  39. 2 Corinthians 3:18 tn Grk “from the Lord, the Spirit”; the genitive πνεύματος (pneumatos) has been translated as a genitive of apposition.

新旧约之比较

难道我们又在自我推荐吗?难道我们像有些人,要拿荐信给你们,或向你们拿荐信吗? 你们就是我们的荐信,写在我们的心里,是众人所认识所诵读的, 显明你们自己是基督的书信,是借着我们写成的,不是用墨,而是用永活 神的灵写的;不是写在石版上,而是写在心版上。

我们在 神面前,借着基督才有这样的信心。 我们不敢以为自己有资格作甚么,我们所能够作的是出于 神。 他使我们有资格作新约的仆役,这新约不是从仪文来的,而是从圣灵来的;因为仪文会使人死,而圣灵却使人活。

如果那以文字刻在石上使人死的律法的工作,尚且带有荣光,以致以色列人因着摩西脸上短暂的荣光,不能注视他的脸, 那出于圣灵的工作不是更有荣光吗? 如果那定人有罪的工作尚且有荣光,那使人称义的工作就更有荣光了! 10 那从前有荣光的,现在因那超越的荣光,就算不得有荣光; 11 如果那短暂的有荣光,那长存的就更有荣光了。

12 所以,我们既然有这样的盼望,就大大地放胆行事, 13 不像摩西那样,把帕子蒙在脸上,使以色列人看不见那短暂的荣光的结局。 14 但是他们的心思迟钝,因为直到今日,他们诵读旧约的时候,这帕子仍然存在,没有揭开,唯有在基督里才能把这帕子废掉。 15 可是直到今日,他们每逢诵读摩西的书的时候,这帕子还盖在他们的心上。 16 但他们甚么时候归向主,这帕子就甚么时候除掉了。 17 主就是那灵;主的灵在哪里,哪里就有自由。 18 我们众人脸上的帕子既然已经揭开,反映主的荣光(“反映主的荣光”或译:“对着镜子看见主的荣光”),就变成主那样的形象,大有荣光。这是主所作成的,他就是那灵。