Honor Widows

(A)Do not sharply rebuke an (B)older man, but rather appeal to him as a father, and to (C)the younger men as brothers, to the older women as mothers, and to the younger women as sisters, in all purity.

Honor widows who are actually (D)widows; but if any widow has children or grandchildren, (E)they must first learn to show proper respect for their own family and to give back compensation to their parents; for this is (F)acceptable in the sight of God. Now she who is actually a (G)widow and has been left alone (H)has set her hope on God, and she continues in (I)requests and prayers night and day. But she who (J)indulges herself in luxury is (K)dead, even while she lives. [a](L)Give these instructions as well, so that they may be above reproach. But if anyone does not provide for his own, and especially for those of his household, he has (M)denied the faith and is worse than an unbeliever.

A widow is to be (N)put on the list only if she is not less than sixty years old, having been (O)the wife of one man, 10 having a reputation for (P)good works; and if she has brought up children, if she has (Q)shown hospitality to strangers, if she (R)has washed the [b]saints’ feet, if she has (S)assisted those in distress, and if she has devoted herself to every good work. 11 But refuse to register younger widows, for when they feel (T)physical desires alienating them from Christ, they want to get married, 12 thereby incurring condemnation, because they have [c]ignored their previous pledge. 13 At the same time they also learn to be idle, as they go around from house to house; and not merely idle, but also they become (U)gossips and (V)busybodies, talking about (W)things not proper to mention. 14 Therefore, I want younger widows to get (X)married, have children, (Y)manage their households, and (Z)give the enemy no opportunity for reproach; 15 for some (AA)have already turned away to follow (AB)Satan. 16 If any woman who is a believer (AC)has dependent widows, she must (AD)assist them and the church must not be burdened, so that it may assist those who are actually (AE)widows.

Concerning Elders

17 (AF)The elders who (AG)lead well are to be considered worthy of double honor, especially those who (AH)work hard [d]at preaching and teaching. 18 For the Scripture says, “(AI)You shall not muzzle the ox while it is threshing,” and “(AJ)The laborer is worthy of his wages.” 19 Do not accept an accusation against an (AK)elder except on the basis of (AL)two or three witnesses. 20 Those who continue in sin, (AM)rebuke in the presence of all, (AN)so that the rest also will be fearful of sinning. 21 (AO)I solemnly exhort you in the presence of God and of Christ Jesus and of His chosen angels, to maintain these principles without bias, doing nothing in a spirit of partiality. 22 (AP)Do not lay hands upon anyone too quickly and [e]thereby share (AQ)responsibility for the sins of others; keep yourself [f]free from sin.

23 Do not go on drinking only water, but (AR)use a little wine for the sake of your stomach and your frequent ailments.

24 The sins of some people are quite evident, going before them to judgment; for others, their sins (AS)follow after. 25 Likewise also, deeds that are good are quite evident, and (AT)those which are otherwise cannot be concealed.

Footnotes

  1. 1 Timothy 5:7 Or Keep commanding
  2. 1 Timothy 5:10 Lit holy ones; i.e., God’s people
  3. 1 Timothy 5:12 Or broken
  4. 1 Timothy 5:17 Lit in word
  5. 1 Timothy 5:22 Lit do not share
  6. 1 Timothy 5:22 Lit pure

Umgang mit verschiedenen Gruppen in der Gemeinde (Kapitel 5,1–6,2)

Einen älteren Mann fahre nicht hart an, wenn du ihn ermahnen musst, sondern rede mit ihm wie mit einem Vater. Die jungen Männer behandle als deine Brüder. Sei zu den älteren Frauen wie zu deiner Mutter und zu den jüngeren wie zu Schwestern, aufrichtig und zurückhaltend.

Wie die Gemeinde für ihre Witwen sorgen soll

Sorge für die Witwen, wenn sie keine Angehörigen haben, die sie unterstützen. Sind aber Kinder oder Enkel da, dann sollen diese lernen, zuerst in der eigenen Familie Gottes Willen zu tun und ihre Angehörigen zu versorgen. Es gefällt Gott, wenn sie auf diese Weise ihre Dankbarkeit zeigen für das, was sie von ihnen empfangen haben. Eine Witwe dagegen, die ganz allein ist, hat gelernt, ihre Hoffnung auf Gott zu setzen und Tag und Nacht zu ihm zu flehen und zu beten. Andere wieder wollen sich nur noch vergnügen. Sie sind schon tot, auch wenn sie noch leben.

Schärfe den Gläubigen all diese Dinge ein, damit man ihnen nichts Schlechtes nachsagen kann. Wer sich aber weigert, seine Angehörigen zu versorgen – vor allem die eigenen Familienmitglieder –, der verleugnet damit den Glauben; er ist schlimmer als einer, der von Gott nichts wissen will.

Eine Frau sollte erst dann in die Liste der Witwen[a] eingetragen und von der Gemeinde versorgt werden, wenn sie mindestens 60 Jahre alt ist und ihrem Mann treu war[b]. 10 Außerdem sollte sie dafür bekannt sein, dass sie viel Gutes getan hat: Hat sie ihre Kinder gut erzogen? War sie gastfreundlich? Hat sie anderen Christen selbstlos geholfen[c] und Notleidenden beigestanden? Hat sie sich auch sonst überall eingesetzt, um anderen zu helfen?

11 Junge Witwen darfst du nicht in die Liste aufnehmen. Denn wenn ihre Leidenschaft groß ist und sie eines Tages doch wieder heiraten wollen, halten sie ihr Versprechen nicht, Christus allein zu dienen. 12 Auf ihnen lastet dann der Vorwurf, ihr früheres Versprechen Christus gegenüber gebrochen zu haben. 13 Außerdem gewöhnen sie sich daran, bei anderen Leuten träge herumzusitzen. Dazu werden sie auch noch geschwätzig und beschäftigen sich mit Dingen, die sie überhaupt nichts angehen.

14 Deshalb möchte ich, dass die jüngeren Witwen wieder heiraten, Kinder bekommen und sich um ihren eigenen Haushalt kümmern. Dann liefern sie keinem unserer Gegner einen Anlass, uns etwas Schlechtes nachzusagen. 15 Leider aber haben sich schon einige von Christus abgewandt und folgen jetzt dem Satan.

16 Wenn aber eine Christin in ihrer Verwandtschaft Witwen hat, dann soll sie auch weiterhin für diese sorgen. Auf keinen Fall darf die Gemeinde damit belastet werden. Denn die Gemeinde soll sich nur um die Witwen kümmern müssen, die gar keine Angehörigen haben.

Die Leiter der Gemeinde

17 Alle, die der Gemeinde als Leiter verantwortungsvoll dienen, sollen nicht nur hoch geachtet werden, sondern auch angemessenen Lohn dafür bekommen; vor allem, wenn sie Gottes Botschaft verkünden und die Gemeinde im Glauben unterweisen. 18 Denn in der Heiligen Schrift heißt es: »Wenn ihr mit einem Ochsen Getreide drescht, dann bindet ihm nicht das Maul zu!«[d], und an anderer Stelle: »Wer arbeitet, hat ein Recht darauf, versorgt zu werden.«[e]

19 Nimm eine Klage gegen einen Gemeindeleiter nur an, wenn mindestens zwei oder drei Zeugen sie bestätigen. 20 Sollte sich einer tatsächlich etwas zuschulden kommen lassen, dann weise ihn vor allen anderen[f] zurecht, damit auch sie gewarnt sind. 21 Vor Gott, vor Jesus Christus und vor seinen heiligen Engeln ermahne ich dich: In solchen Fällen musst du ohne jedes Vorurteil und unparteiisch handeln.

22 Leg niemandem vorschnell die Hände auf, um ihm eine wichtige Aufgabe in der Gemeinde zu übertragen. Sonst machst du dich mitschuldig, wenn er sich in Sünden verstrickt. Dulde auch keine Sünde in deinem eigenen Leben.

23 Nun gebe ich dir noch einen persönlichen Rat: Trink nicht länger nur reines Wasser. Du bist so oft krank, und da würde etwas Wein dazu deinem Magen gut tun.

24 Im Übrigen erinnere dich daran: Die Sünden mancher Menschen kann jeder sehen; sie sind schon vor dem Gerichtstag Gottes allen offenkundig. Die Sünden anderer wiederum bleiben uns verborgen und werden erst später aufgedeckt. 25 Genauso ist es auch mit den guten Taten der Menschen: Manche sind schon jetzt für jedermann sichtbar, während wir andere überhaupt nicht erkennen. Doch auch sie werden nicht für immer verborgen bleiben.

Footnotes

  1. 5,9 Diese Liste ist wahrscheinlich ein Verzeichnis bedürftiger Witwen, die von der christlichen Gemeinde finanziell unterstützt wurden. Zugleich waren diese Witwen dann wohl für die Gemeinde tätig.
  2. 5,9 Oder: und nur einmal verheiratet gewesen ist.
  3. 5,10 Wörtlich: Hat sie den Heiligen die Füße gewaschen.
  4. 5,18 5. Mose 25,4
  5. 5,18 Lukas 10,7
  6. 5,20 Es ist nicht sicher zu entscheiden, ob hier die ganze Gemeinde gemeint ist oder ob es um die anderen Gemeindeleiter geht.

Rebuke not an elder, but intreat him as a father; and the younger men as brethren;

The elder women as mothers; the younger as sisters, with all purity.

Honour widows that are widows indeed.

But if any widow have children or nephews, let them learn first to shew piety at home, and to requite their parents: for that is good and acceptable before God.

Now she that is a widow indeed, and desolate, trusteth in God, and continueth in supplications and prayers night and day.

But she that liveth in pleasure is dead while she liveth.

And these things give in charge, that they may be blameless.

But if any provide not for his own, and specially for those of his own house, he hath denied the faith, and is worse than an infidel.

Let not a widow be taken into the number under threescore years old, having been the wife of one man.

10 Well reported of for good works; if she have brought up children, if she have lodged strangers, if she have washed the saints' feet, if she have relieved the afflicted, if she have diligently followed every good work.

11 But the younger widows refuse: for when they have begun to wax wanton against Christ, they will marry;

12 Having damnation, because they have cast off their first faith.

13 And withal they learn to be idle, wandering about from house to house; and not only idle, but tattlers also and busybodies, speaking things which they ought not.

14 I will therefore that the younger women marry, bear children, guide the house, give none occasion to the adversary to speak reproachfully.

15 For some are already turned aside after Satan.

16 If any man or woman that believeth have widows, let them relieve them, and let not the church be charged; that it may relieve them that are widows indeed.

17 Let the elders that rule well be counted worthy of double honour, especially they who labour in the word and doctrine.

18 For the scripture saith, thou shalt not muzzle the ox that treadeth out the corn. And, The labourer is worthy of his reward.

19 Against an elder receive not an accusation, but before two or three witnesses.

20 Them that sin rebuke before all, that others also may fear.

21 I charge thee before God, and the Lord Jesus Christ, and the elect angels, that thou observe these things without preferring one before another, doing nothing by partiality.

22 Lay hands suddenly on no man, neither be partaker of other men's sins: keep thyself pure.

23 Drink no longer water, but use a little wine for thy stomach's sake and thine often infirmities.

24 Some men's sins are open beforehand, going before to judgment; and some men they follow after.

25 Likewise also the good works of some are manifest beforehand; and they that are otherwise cannot be hid.

Instructions About Widows

Do not rebuke an older man, but appeal to him as a father, younger men as brothers, older women as mothers, younger women as sisters, with all purity. Honor widows who are truly widows. But if any widow has children or grandchildren, they must learn to show profound respect for their own household first, and to pay back recompense to their parents, for this is pleasing in the sight of God. But the widow who is one truly, and is left alone, has put her hope in God and continues in her petitions and prayers night and day. But the one who lives for sensual pleasure is dead even though she[a] lives. And command these things, in order that they may be irreproachable. But if someone does not provide for his own relatives, and especially the members of his household, he has denied the faith and is worse than an unbeliever.

Let a widow be put on the list if she[b] is not less than sixty years old, the wife of one husband, 10 being well-attested by good works, if she has brought up children, if she has shown hospitality, if she has washed the feet of the saints, if she has helped those who are oppressed, if she has devoted herself to every good work. 11 But refuse younger widows, for whenever their physical desires lead them away from Christ, they want to marry, 12 thus incurring condemnation because they have broken their former pledge. 13 And at the same time also, going around from house to house, they learn to be idle, and not only idle, but also gossipy and busybodies, saying the things that are not necessary. 14 Therefore I want younger widows to marry, to bear children, to manage a household, to give the adversary no opportunity for reproach. 15 For already some have turned away and followed after Satan. 16 If any believing woman has widows, she must help them, and the church must not be burdened, in order that it may help those who are truly widows.

Honoring Worthy Elders and Dealing With Sinners

17 The elders who lead well must be considered worthy of double honor, especially those who labor by speaking and teaching. 18 For the scripture says, “You must not muzzle an ox while it[c] is threshing,”[d] and “The worker is worthy of his wages.”[e] 19 Do not accept an accusation against an elder except on the evidence of two or three witnesses. 20 Reprove those who sin in the presence of all, in order that the rest also may experience fear. 21 I testify solemnly before God and Christ Jesus and the elect angels that you observe these things without prejudice, doing nothing according to partiality. 22 Lay hands on no one hastily, and do not participate in the sins of others. Keep yourself pure. 23 (No longer drink only water, but use a little wine for your stomach and your frequent illnesses.) 24 The sins of some people are evident, preceding them to judgment, but for some also they follow after them. 25 Likewise also good works are evident, and those considered otherwise are not able to be hidden.

Footnotes

  1. 1 Timothy 5:6 Here “even though” is supplied as a component of the participle (“lives”) which is understood as concessive
  2. 1 Timothy 5:9 Here “if” is supplied as a component of the participle (“is”) which is understood as conditional
  3. 1 Timothy 5:18 Here “while” is supplied as a component of the participle (“threshing”) which is understood as temporal
  4. 1 Timothy 5:18 A quotation from Deut 25:4
  5. 1 Timothy 5:18 A quotation from Luke 10:7