1 Kungaboken 3
Svenska Folkbibeln
Salomo ber om vishet
3 Genom giftermål blev Salomo släkt med farao, kungen i Egypten. Han tog faraos dotter till hustru och förde henne in i Davids stad. Där fick hon bo till dess han hade byggt sitt hus färdigt liksom Herrens hus och muren runt omkring Jerusalem. 2 Men folket offrade på höjderna, eftersom ännu inte något hus hade blivit byggt åt Herrens namn. 3 Salomo älskade Herren och följde sin fader Davids stadgar, utom det att han offrade på höjderna och tände rökelse där.
4 Kungen begav sig till Gibeon för att offra, detta var ju den förnämsta offerhöjden, och Salomo offrade ettusen brännoffer på altaret där. 5 I Gibeon visade sig Herren för Salomo i en dröm om natten. Gud sade: "Bed mig om det du vill att jag skall ge dig." 6 Salomo svarade: "Du har visat stor nåd mot din tjänare, min fader David, därför att han vandrade inför dig i sanning och rättfärdighet och med ärligt hjärta mot dig. Du bevarade åt honom denna stora nåd och gav honom en son som sitter på hans tron, så som det är i dag. 7 Du, Herre, min Gud, har nu gjort din tjänare till kung efter min fader David. Men jag är bara en ung man, jag vet varken ut eller in. 8 Din tjänare är här bland ditt folk som du har utvalt, ett folk så stort och talrikt att det inte kan räknas på grund av sin mängd. 9 Ge din tjänare ett lydigt hjärta, så att han kan vara domare för ditt folk och skilja mellan gott och ont. För vem kan annars vara domare för detta ditt stora folk?"
10 Det behagade Herren att Salomo bad om sådant. 11 Gud sade till honom: "Eftersom du har bett om detta och inte bett om ett långt liv, inte heller om rikedom eller om dina fienders liv, utan om att kunna förstå vad som är rätt, 12 se, därför vill jag göra som du önskar och ge dig ett så vist och förståndigt hjärta att någon lik dig inte har funnits före dig och inte heller skall komma efter dig. 13 Dessutom ger jag dig också vad du inte har bett om, nämligen både rikedom och ära, så att i alla dina dagar ingen kung skall vara din like. 14 Om du går på mina vägar och håller fast vid mina stadgar och bud, så som din fader David gjorde, då skall jag ge dig ett långt liv."
15 Då vaknade Salomo, och se, det var en dröm. När han kom till Jerusalem, trädde han fram inför Herrens förbundsark och bar fram brännoffer och gemenskapsoffer. Sedan ordnade han en fest för alla sina tjänare.
Salomos vishet som domare
16 Vid den tiden kom det två skökor till kungen och trädde fram inför honom. 17 Den ena kvinnan sade: "Hör på mig, herre. Jag och den här kvinnan bor i samma hus och jag födde barn där i huset hos henne. 18 Tredje dagen efter det att jag hade fött mitt barn födde den här kvinnan också ett barn. Vi var tillsammans, och ingen annan var hos oss i huset, det var bara vi två. 19 En natt dog den här kvinnans son, för hon hade legat på honom. 20 Då gick hon upp mitt i natten och tog min son från min sida, medan din tjänarinna sov, och lade honom i sin famn. Men sin döde son lade hon i min famn. 21 Jag steg upp på morgonen för att amma min son, och se, då var han död. Men när jag på morgonen såg närmare efter, se, då var det inte min son, som jag hade fött."
22 Då sade den andra kvinnan: "Så är det inte. Det är min son som lever, och det är din son som är död." Men den första kvinnan svarade: "Det är inte så. Din son är död, och min son lever." Så grälade de inför kungen.
23 Kungen sade: "Den ena säger: Min son är den som lever, och din son är den som är död. Den andra säger: Det är inte så. Det är din son som är död och min som lever." 24 Då sade kungen: "Ge mig ett svärd." När man hade burit fram svärdet till kungen, 25 sade han: "Hugg det levande barnet mitt itu och ge den ena hälften åt den ena kvinnan och den andra hälften åt den andra." 26 Den kvinna som var mor till det barn som levde, sade då till kungen, ty hennes hjärta brann av kärlek till sonen: "Min herre, ge henne barnet som lever. Döda det bara inte!" Men den andra sade: "Det skall varken vara mitt eller ditt. Hugg itu det!" 27 Då tog kungen till orda och sade: "Ge henne det levande barnet. Döda det inte. Hon är barnets mor."
28 När hela Israel fick höra talas om den dom som kungen hade fällt, häpnade de över kungen, ty de såg att Guds vishet fanns i honom så att han kunde skipa rätt.
1 Kings 3
New English Translation
The Lord Gives Solomon Wisdom
3 Solomon made an alliance by marriage with Pharaoh, king of Egypt; he married Pharaoh’s daughter. He brought her to the City of David[a] until he could finish building his residence and the temple of the Lord and the wall around Jerusalem. 2 Now the people were offering sacrifices at the high places,[b] because in those days a temple had not yet been built to honor the Lord.[c] 3 Solomon demonstrated his loyalty to the Lord by following[d] the practices[e] of his father David, except that he offered sacrifices and burned incense on the high places.
4 The king went to Gibeon to offer sacrifices, for it had the most prominent of the high places.[f] Solomon would offer up[g] 1,000 burnt sacrifices on the altar there. 5 One night in Gibeon the Lord appeared[h] to Solomon in a dream. God said, “Tell[i] me what I should give you.” 6 Solomon replied, “You demonstrated[j] great loyalty to your servant, my father David, as he served[k] you faithfully, properly, and sincerely.[l] You have maintained this great loyalty to this day by allowing his son to sit on his throne.[m] 7 Now, O Lord my God, you have made your servant king in my father David’s place, even though I am only a young man and am inexperienced.[n] 8 Your servant stands[o] among your chosen people;[p] they are a great nation that is too numerous to count or number. 9 So give your servant a discerning mind[q] so he can make judicial decisions for[r] your people and distinguish right from wrong.[s] Otherwise[t] no one is able[u] to make judicial decisions for[v] this great nation of yours.”[w] 10 The Lord[x] was pleased that Solomon made this request.[y] 11 God said to him, “Because you asked for the ability to make wise judicial decisions, and not for long life, or riches, or vengeance on your enemies,[z] 12 I[aa] grant your request[ab] and give[ac] you a wise and discerning mind[ad] superior to that of anyone who has preceded or will succeed you.[ae] 13 Furthermore, I am giving[af] you what you did not request—riches and honor so that you will be the greatest king of your generation.[ag] 14 If you follow my instructions[ah] by obeying[ai] my rules and regulations, just as your father David did,[aj] then I will grant you long life.”[ak] 15 Solomon then woke up and realized it was a dream.[al] He went to Jerusalem, stood before the ark of the Lord’s covenant, offered up burnt sacrifices, presented peace offerings,[am] and held a feast for all his servants.
Solomon Demonstrates His Wisdom
16 Then two prostitutes came to the king and stood before him. 17 One of the women said, “My master, this woman and I live in the same house. I had a baby while she was with me in the house. 18 Then three days after I had my baby, this woman also had a baby. We were alone; there was no one else in the house except the two of us.[an] 19 This woman’s child suffocated[ao] during the night when she rolled[ap] on top of him. 20 She got up in the middle of the night and took my son from my side, while your servant was sleeping. She put him in her arms, and put her dead son in my arms. 21 I got up in the morning to nurse my son, and there[aq] he was, dead! But when I examined him carefully in the morning, I realized it was not my baby.”[ar] 22 The other woman said, “No! My son is alive; your son is dead!” But the first woman replied, “No, your son is dead; my son is alive.” Each presented her case before the king.[as]
23 The king said, “One says, ‘My son is alive; your son is dead,’ while the other says, ‘No, your son is dead; my son is alive.’” 24 The king ordered, “Get me a sword.” So they placed a sword before the king. 25 The king then said, “Cut the living child in two, and give half to one and half to the other!” 26 The real mother[at] spoke up to the king, for her motherly instincts were awakened.[au] She said, “My master, give her the living child! Whatever you do, don’t kill him!”[av] But the other woman said, “Neither one of us will have him. Let them cut him in two!” 27 The king responded, “Give the first woman the living child; don’t kill him. She is the mother.” 28 When all Israel heard about the judicial decision which the king had rendered, they respected[aw] the king, for they realized[ax] that he possessed divine wisdom[ay] to make judicial decisions.
Footnotes
- 1 Kings 3:1 sn The phrase City of David refers here to the fortress of Zion in Jerusalem, not to Bethlehem. See 2 Sam 5:7.
- 1 Kings 3:2 sn Offering sacrifices at the high places. The “high places” were places of worship that were naturally or artificially elevated.
- 1 Kings 3:2 tn Heb “for the name of the Lord.” The word “name” sometimes refers to one’s reputation or honor (thus the translation here, “to honor the Lord”). The “name” of the Lord sometimes designates the Lord himself, being indistinguishable from the proper name.
- 1 Kings 3:3 tn Heb “by walking in.”
- 1 Kings 3:3 tn Or “policies, rules.”
- 1 Kings 3:4 tn Heb “for it was the great high place.”
- 1 Kings 3:4 tn Or, “customarily offered up.” The verb form is an imperfect, which is probably used here in a customary sense to indicate continued or repeated action in past time. See GKC 314 §107.b.
- 1 Kings 3:5 tn Or “revealed himself.”
- 1 Kings 3:5 tn Heb “ask.”
- 1 Kings 3:6 tn Heb “did.”
- 1 Kings 3:6 tn Heb “walked before.”
- 1 Kings 3:6 tn Heb “in faithfulness and in innocence and in uprightness of heart with you.”
- 1 Kings 3:6 tn Heb “and you have kept to him this great loyalty and you gave to him a son [who] sits on his throne as this day.”
- 1 Kings 3:7 tn Heb “and I do not know going out or coming in.”
- 1 Kings 3:8 tn There is no verb expressed in the Hebrew text; “stands” is supplied in the translation for clarification.
- 1 Kings 3:8 tn Heb “your people whom you have chosen.”
- 1 Kings 3:9 tn Heb “a hearing heart.” (The Hebrew term translated “heart” often refers to the mental faculties.)
- 1 Kings 3:9 tn Heb “to judge.”
- 1 Kings 3:9 tn Heb “to understand between good and evil.”
- 1 Kings 3:9 tn Heb “for”; the word “otherwise” is used to reflect the logical sense of the statement.
- 1 Kings 3:9 tn Heb “who is able?” The rhetorical question anticipates the answer, “no one.”
- 1 Kings 3:9 tn Heb “to judge.”
- 1 Kings 3:9 tn Heb “your numerous people.”
- 1 Kings 3:10 tn The Hebrew term translated “Lord” here and in v.15 is אֲדֹנָי (ʾadonay).
- 1 Kings 3:10 tn Heb “And the thing was good in the eyes of the Lord, for Solomon asked for this thing.”
- 1 Kings 3:11 tn Heb “because you asked for this thing, and did not ask for yourself many days and did not ask for yourself riches and did not ask for the life of your enemies, but you asked for yourself understanding to hear judgment.”
- 1 Kings 3:12 tn This statement is introduced in the Hebrew text by the particle הִנֵּה (hinneh, “look”) which draws attention to and emphasizes what follows.
- 1 Kings 3:12 tn Heb “I am doing according to your words.” The perfect tense is sometimes used of actions occurring at the same time a statement is made.
- 1 Kings 3:12 tn This statement is introduced by the particle הִנֵּה (hinneh, “look”) which draws attention to and emphasizes what follows. The translation assumes that the perfect tense here indicates that the action occurs as the statement is made (i.e., “right now I give you”).
- 1 Kings 3:12 tn Heb “heart.” (The Hebrew term translated “heart” often refers to the mental faculties.)
- 1 Kings 3:12 tn Heb “so that there has not been one like you prior to you, and after you one will not arise like you.”
- 1 Kings 3:13 tn The translation assumes that the perfect tense here indicates that the action occurs as the statement is made.
- 1 Kings 3:13 tn Heb “so that there is not one among the kings like you all your days.” The LXX lacks the words “all your days.”
- 1 Kings 3:14 tn Heb “walk in my ways.”
- 1 Kings 3:14 tn Or “keeping.”
- 1 Kings 3:14 tn Heb “walked.”
- 1 Kings 3:14 tn Heb “I will lengthen your days.”
- 1 Kings 3:15 tn Heb “and look, a dream.”
- 1 Kings 3:15 tn Or “tokens of peace”; NIV, TEV “fellowship offerings.”
- 1 Kings 3:18 sn There was no one else in the house except the two of us. In other words, there were no other witnesses to the births who could identify which child belonged to which mother.
- 1 Kings 3:19 tn Heb “died.”
- 1 Kings 3:19 tn Heb “lay, slept.”
- 1 Kings 3:21 tn Heb “look.”
- 1 Kings 3:21 tn Heb “look, it was not my son to whom I had given birth.”
- 1 Kings 3:22 tn Heb “they spoke before the king.” Another option is to translate, “they argued before the king.”
- 1 Kings 3:26 tn Heb “the woman whose son was alive.”
- 1 Kings 3:26 tn Heb “for her compassions grew warm for her son.”
- 1 Kings 3:26 tn The infinitive absolute before the negated jussive emphasizes the main verb.
- 1 Kings 3:28 tn Heb “feared,” perhaps in the sense, “stood in awe of.”
- 1 Kings 3:28 tn Heb “saw.”
- 1 Kings 3:28 tn Heb “the wisdom of God was in his midst for performing justice.” The phrase “wisdom of God” may be taken as an attributive genitive, “divine wisdom,” or as a genitive of source, “wisdom from God.” Even in English they are basically the same, since wisdom from God is divine in character.
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