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12 Poi egli cominciò a parlar loro in parabole: «Un uomo piantò una vigna, vi fece attorno una siepe, vi scavò un luogo dove pigiare l'uva, vi costruí una torre, e l'affidò a dei vignaioli, poi se ne andò lontano.

Nella stagione della raccolta inviò a quei vignaioli un servo per ricevere da loro la sua parte del frutto della vigna.

Ma essi lo presero, lo batterono e lo rimandarono a mani vuote.

Egli mandò loro di nuovo un altro servo; ma essi, dopo avergli tirate delle pietre, lo ferirono alla testa e lo rimandarono vilipeso.

Ne inviò ancora un altro e questi lo uccisero. Poi ne mandò molti altri, e di questi alcuni furono percossi, altri uccisi.

Gli restava ancora uno da mandare: il suo amato figlio. Per ultimo mandò loro anche lui, dicendo: "avranno almeno rispetto per mio figlio"

Ma quei vignaioli dissero fra loro: "Costui è l'erede, venite, uccidiamolo e l'eredità sarà nostra"

Cosí lo presero, lo uccisero e lo gettarono fuori dalla vigna.

Che farà dunque il padrone della vigna? Egli verrà e sterminerà quei vignaioli e darà la vigna ad altri.

10 Non avete neppure letto questa scrittura: "La pietra che gli edificatori hanno scartata è divenuta la testata d'angolo.

11 Ciò è stato fatto dal Signore, ed è cosa meravigliosa agli occhi nostri"?».

12 Allora essi cercavano di prenderlo, perché avevano capito che egli aveva detto quella parabola contro di loro; ma ebbero paura della folla; e, lasciatolo, se ne andarono.

13 Gli mandarono poi alcuni farisei ed erodiani per coglierlo in fallo nelle parole.

14 Ed essi, giunti, gli dissero: «Maestro, noi sappiamo che tu sei verace e non hai riguardi per nessuno, perché non badi all'apparenza delle persone, ma insegni la via di Dio secondo verità. è lecito o no pagare il tributo a Cesare? Dobbiamo pagarlo o no?».

15 Ma egli, conoscendo la loro ipocrisia, disse loro: «Perché mi tentate? Portatemi un denaro perché lo veda».

16 Essi glielo portarono. Ed egli disse loro: «Di chi è questa immagine e questa iscrizione?». Essi gli dissero: «Di Cesare».

17 Allora Gesú rispose e disse loro: «Rendete a Cesare ciò che è di Cesare, e a Dio ciò che è di Dio». Ed essi si meravigliarono di lui.

18 Poi si presentarono a lui dei sadducei, i quali dicono che non vi è risurrezione, e lo interrogarono, dicendo:

19 «Maestro, Mosè ci lasciò scritto che se muore il fratello di uno e lascia la moglie senza figli, il fratello di lui deve sposare la vedova per suscitare una discendenza a suo fratello.

20 Ora vi erano sette fratelli; il primo prese moglie e morí senza lasciare figli.

21 Quindi la prese il secondo, ma anche questi morí senza lasciare figli; cosí pure il terzo.

22 Tutti e sette l'ebbero per moglie, e morirono senza lasciare figli. Infine, dopo tutti, morí anche la donna.

23 Nella risurrezione dunque, quando risusciteranno, di chi di loro sarà ella moglie? Poiché tutti e sette l'hanno avuta per moglie».

24 Ma Gesú, rispondendo, disse loro: «Non è proprio per questo che siete in errore, perché non conoscete né le Scritture né la potenza di Dio?

25 Infatti, quando gli uomini risusciteranno dai morti, né si ammoglieranno nè si mariteranno, ma saranno come gli angeli in cielo.

26 Riguardo poi alla risurrezione dei morti, non avete letto nel libro di Mosé come Dio gli parlò dal roveto, dicendo io sono il Dio di Abrahamo, il Dio di Isacco e il Dio di Giacobbe

27 Egli non è Dio dei morti, ma Dio dei viventi. Voi, dunque, vi sbagliate grandemente».

28 Allora uno degli scribi che aveva udita la loro discussione, riconoscendo che egli aveva loro risposto bene, si accostò e gli domandò: «Qual è il primo comandamento di tutti?».

29 E Gesú gli rispose: «Il primo comandamento di tutti è: "ascolta, Israele: Il Signore Dio nostro è l'unico Signore",

30 e: "ama il Signore Dio tuo con tutto il tuo cuore, con tutta la tua anima, con tutta la tua mente e con tutta la tua forza". Questo è il primo comandamento.

31 E il secondo è simile a questo: "ama il tuo prossimo come te stesso". Non vi è alcun altro comandamento maggiore di questi».

32 Allora lo scriba gli disse: «Bene, Maestro. Hai detto secondo verità che vi è un sol Dio e non ve n'è alcun altro all'infuori di lui;

33 e che amarlo con tutto il cuore, con tutta la mente, con tutta l'anima e con tutta la forza, e amare il prossimo come se stessi vale piú di tutti gli olocausti e i sacrifici»,

34 E Gesú, vedendo che aveva risposto saggiamente, gli disse: «Tu non sei lontano dal regno di Dio». E nessuno ardiva piú interrogarlo.

35 E Gesú, insegnando nel tempio, prese a dire: «Come mai gli scribi dicono che il Cristo è Figlio di Davide?

36 Poiché Davide stesso, per lo Spirito Santo, disse: "il Signore ha detto al mio Signore: Siedi alla mia destra, finché io abbia fatto dei tuoi nemici lo sgabello dei tuoi piedi".

37 Davide stesso dunque lo chiama Signore; come può dunque egli essere suo figlio?». E la maggior parte della folla lo ascoltava con piacere.

38 Ed egli diceva loro nel suo insegnamento: «Guardatevi dagli scribi che amano passeggiare in lunghe vesti ed essere salutati nelle piazze,

39 e avere i primi seggi nelle sinagoghe, e i primi posti nei conviti,

40 che divorano le case delle vedove e per mettersi in mostra, fanno lunghe preghiere; essi riceveranno una piú dura condanna».

41 E Gesú, postosi a sedere di fronte alla cassa del tesoro, osservava come la gente vi gettava il denaro; e tanti ricchi ne gettavano molto.

42 Venuta una povera vedova, vi gettò due spiccioli, cioè un quadrante.

43 E Gesú, chiamati a sé i suoi discepoli, disse loro: «In verità vi dico che questa povera vedova ha gettato nel tesoro piú di tutti gli altri.

44 Poiché tutti vi hanno gettato del loro superfluo, mentre ella, nella sua povertà, vi ha gettato tutto quello che aveva per vivere».

12 και ηρξατο αυτοις εν παραβολαις λεγειν αμπελωνα εφυτευσεν ανθρωπος και περιεθηκεν φραγμον και ωρυξεν υποληνιον και ωκοδομησεν πυργον και εξεδοτο αυτον γεωργοις και απεδημησεν

και απεστειλεν προς τους γεωργους τω καιρω δουλον ινα παρα των γεωργων λαβη απο του καρπου του αμπελωνος

οι δε λαβοντες αυτον εδειραν και απεστειλαν κενον

και παλιν απεστειλεν προς αυτους αλλον δουλον κακεινον λιθοβολησαντες εκεφαλαιωσαν και απεστειλαν ητιμωμενον

και παλιν αλλον απεστειλεν κακεινον απεκτειναν και πολλους αλλους τους μεν δεροντες τους δε αποκτεινοντες

ετι ουν ενα υιον εχων αγαπητον αυτου απεστειλεν και αυτον προς αυτους εσχατον λεγων οτι εντραπησονται τον υιον μου

εκεινοι δε οι γεωργοι ειπον προς εαυτους οτι ουτος εστιν ο κληρονομος δευτε αποκτεινωμεν αυτον και ημων εσται η κληρονομια

και λαβοντες αυτον απεκτειναν και εξεβαλον εξω του αμπελωνος

τι ουν ποιησει ο κυριος του αμπελωνος ελευσεται και απολεσει τους γεωργους και δωσει τον αμπελωνα αλλοις

10 ουδε την γραφην ταυτην ανεγνωτε λιθον ον απεδοκιμασαν οι οικοδομουντες ουτος εγενηθη εις κεφαλην γωνιας

11 παρα κυριου εγενετο αυτη και εστιν θαυμαστη εν οφθαλμοις ημων

12 και εζητουν αυτον κρατησαι και εφοβηθησαν τον οχλον εγνωσαν γαρ οτι προς αυτους την παραβολην ειπεν και αφεντες αυτον απηλθον

13 και αποστελλουσιν προς αυτον τινας των φαρισαιων και των ηρωδιανων ινα αυτον αγρευσωσιν λογω

14 οι δε ελθοντες λεγουσιν αυτω διδασκαλε οιδαμεν οτι αληθης ει και ου μελει σοι περι ουδενος ου γαρ βλεπεις εις προσωπον ανθρωπων αλλ επ αληθειας την οδον του θεου διδασκεις εξεστιν κηνσον καισαρι δουναι η ου

15 δωμεν η μη δωμεν ο δε ειδως αυτων την υποκρισιν ειπεν αυτοις τι με πειραζετε φερετε μοι δηναριον ινα ιδω

16 οι δε ηνεγκαν και λεγει αυτοις τινος η εικων αυτη και η επιγραφη οι δε ειπον αυτω καισαρος

17 και αποκριθεις ο ιησους ειπεν αυτοις αποδοτε τα καισαρος καισαρι και τα του θεου τω θεω και εθαυμασαν επ αυτω

18 και ερχονται σαδδουκαιοι προς αυτον οιτινες λεγουσιν αναστασιν μη ειναι και επηρωτησαν αυτον λεγοντες

19 διδασκαλε μωσης εγραψεν ημιν οτι εαν τινος αδελφος αποθανη και καταλιπη γυναικα και τεκνα μη αφη ινα λαβη ο αδελφος αυτου την γυναικα αυτου και εξαναστηση σπερμα τω αδελφω αυτου

20 επτα αδελφοι ησαν και ο πρωτος ελαβεν γυναικα και αποθνησκων ουκ αφηκεν σπερμα

21 και ο δευτερος ελαβεν αυτην και απεθανεν και ουδε αυτος αφηκεν σπερμα και ο τριτος ωσαυτως

22 και ελαβον αυτην οι επτα και ουκ αφηκαν σπερμα εσχατη παντων απεθανεν και η γυνη

23 εν τη ουν αναστασει οταν αναστωσιν τινος αυτων εσται γυνη οι γαρ επτα εσχον αυτην γυναικα

24 και αποκριθεις ο ιησους ειπεν αυτοις ου δια τουτο πλανασθε μη ειδοτες τας γραφας μηδε την δυναμιν του θεου

25 οταν γαρ εκ νεκρων αναστωσιν ουτε γαμουσιν ουτε γαμισκονται αλλ εισιν ως αγγελοι οι εν τοις ουρανοις

26 περι δε των νεκρων οτι εγειρονται ουκ ανεγνωτε εν τη βιβλω μωσεως επι της βατου ως ειπεν αυτω ο θεος λεγων εγω ο θεος αβρααμ και ο θεος ισαακ και ο θεος ιακωβ

27 ουκ εστιν ο θεος νεκρων αλλα θεος ζωντων υμεις ουν πολυ πλανασθε

28 και προσελθων εις των γραμματεων ακουσας αυτων συζητουντων ειδως οτι καλως αυτοις απεκριθη επηρωτησεν αυτον ποια εστιν πρωτη πασων εντολη

29 ο δε ιησους απεκριθη αυτω οτι πρωτη πασων των εντολων ακουε ισραηλ κυριος ο θεος ημων κυριος εις εστιν

30 και αγαπησεις κυριον τον θεον σου εξ ολης της καρδιας σου και εξ ολης της ψυχης σου και εξ ολης της διανοιας σου και εξ ολης της ισχυος σου αυτη πρωτη εντολη

31 και δευτερα ομοια αυτη αγαπησεις τον πλησιον σου ως σεαυτον μειζων τουτων αλλη εντολη ουκ εστιν

32 και ειπεν αυτω ο γραμματευς καλως διδασκαλε επ αληθειας ειπας οτι εις εστιν θεος και ουκ εστιν αλλος πλην αυτου

33 και το αγαπαν αυτον εξ ολης της καρδιας και εξ ολης της συνεσεως και εξ ολης της ψυχης και εξ ολης της ισχυος και το αγαπαν τον πλησιον ως εαυτον πλειον εστιν παντων των ολοκαυτωματων και των θυσιων

34 και ο ιησους ιδων αυτον οτι νουνεχως απεκριθη ειπεν αυτω ου μακραν ει απο της βασιλειας του θεου και ουδεις ουκετι ετολμα αυτον επερωτησαι

35 και αποκριθεις ο ιησους ελεγεν διδασκων εν τω ιερω πως λεγουσιν οι γραμματεις οτι ο χριστος υιος εστιν δαβιδ

36 αυτος γαρ δαβιδ ειπεν εν τω πνευματι τω αγιω ειπεν ο κυριος τω κυριω μου καθου εκ δεξιων μου εως αν θω τους εχθρους σου υποποδιον των ποδων σου

37 αυτος ουν δαβιδ λεγει αυτον κυριον και ποθεν υιος αυτου εστιν και ο πολυς οχλος ηκουεν αυτου ηδεως

38 και ελεγεν αυτοις εν τη διδαχη αυτου βλεπετε απο των γραμματεων των θελοντων εν στολαις περιπατειν και ασπασμους εν ταις αγοραις

39 και πρωτοκαθεδριας εν ταις συναγωγαις και πρωτοκλισιας εν τοις δειπνοις

40 οι κατεσθιοντες τας οικιας των χηρων και προφασει μακρα προσευχομενοι ουτοι ληψονται περισσοτερον κριμα

41 και καθισας ο ιησους κατεναντι του γαζοφυλακιου εθεωρει πως ο οχλος βαλλει χαλκον εις το γαζοφυλακιον και πολλοι πλουσιοι εβαλλον πολλα

42 και ελθουσα μια χηρα πτωχη εβαλεν λεπτα δυο ο εστιν κοδραντης

43 και προσκαλεσαμενος τους μαθητας αυτου λεγει αυτοις αμην λεγω υμιν οτι η χηρα αυτη η πτωχη πλειον παντων βεβληκεν των βαλοντων εις το γαζοφυλακιον

44 παντες γαρ εκ του περισσευοντος αυτοις εβαλον αυτη δε εκ της υστερησεως αυτης παντα οσα ειχεν εβαλεν ολον τον βιον αυτης

The Parable of the Tenants(A)

12 Jesus then began to speak to them in parables: “A man planted a vineyard.(B) He put a wall around it, dug a pit for the winepress and built a watchtower. Then he rented the vineyard to some farmers and moved to another place. At harvest time he sent a servant to the tenants to collect from them some of the fruit of the vineyard. But they seized him, beat him and sent him away empty-handed. Then he sent another servant to them; they struck this man on the head and treated him shamefully. He sent still another, and that one they killed. He sent many others; some of them they beat, others they killed.

“He had one left to send, a son, whom he loved. He sent him last of all,(C) saying, ‘They will respect my son.’

“But the tenants said to one another, ‘This is the heir. Come, let’s kill him, and the inheritance will be ours.’ So they took him and killed him, and threw him out of the vineyard.

“What then will the owner of the vineyard do? He will come and kill those tenants and give the vineyard to others. 10 Haven’t you read this passage of Scripture:

“‘The stone the builders rejected
    has become the cornerstone;(D)
11 the Lord has done this,
    and it is marvelous in our eyes’[a]?”(E)

12 Then the chief priests, the teachers of the law and the elders looked for a way to arrest him because they knew he had spoken the parable against them. But they were afraid of the crowd;(F) so they left him and went away.(G)

Paying the Imperial Tax to Caesar(H)

13 Later they sent some of the Pharisees and Herodians(I) to Jesus to catch him(J) in his words. 14 They came to him and said, “Teacher, we know that you are a man of integrity. You aren’t swayed by others, because you pay no attention to who they are; but you teach the way of God in accordance with the truth. Is it right to pay the imperial tax[b] to Caesar or not? 15 Should we pay or shouldn’t we?”

But Jesus knew their hypocrisy. “Why are you trying to trap me?” he asked. “Bring me a denarius and let me look at it.” 16 They brought the coin, and he asked them, “Whose image is this? And whose inscription?”

“Caesar’s,” they replied.

17 Then Jesus said to them, “Give back to Caesar what is Caesar’s and to God what is God’s.”(K)

And they were amazed at him.

Marriage at the Resurrection(L)

18 Then the Sadducees,(M) who say there is no resurrection,(N) came to him with a question. 19 “Teacher,” they said, “Moses wrote for us that if a man’s brother dies and leaves a wife but no children, the man must marry the widow and raise up offspring for his brother.(O) 20 Now there were seven brothers. The first one married and died without leaving any children. 21 The second one married the widow, but he also died, leaving no child. It was the same with the third. 22 In fact, none of the seven left any children. Last of all, the woman died too. 23 At the resurrection[c] whose wife will she be, since the seven were married to her?”

24 Jesus replied, “Are you not in error because you do not know the Scriptures(P) or the power of God? 25 When the dead rise, they will neither marry nor be given in marriage; they will be like the angels in heaven.(Q) 26 Now about the dead rising—have you not read in the Book of Moses, in the account of the burning bush, how God said to him, ‘I am the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob’[d]?(R) 27 He is not the God of the dead, but of the living. You are badly mistaken!”

The Greatest Commandment(S)

28 One of the teachers of the law(T) came and heard them debating. Noticing that Jesus had given them a good answer, he asked him, “Of all the commandments, which is the most important?”

29 “The most important one,” answered Jesus, “is this: ‘Hear, O Israel: The Lord our God, the Lord is one.[e] 30 Love the Lord your God with all your heart and with all your soul and with all your mind and with all your strength.’[f](U) 31 The second is this: ‘Love your neighbor as yourself.’[g](V) There is no commandment greater than these.”

32 “Well said, teacher,” the man replied. “You are right in saying that God is one and there is no other but him.(W) 33 To love him with all your heart, with all your understanding and with all your strength, and to love your neighbor as yourself is more important than all burnt offerings and sacrifices.”(X)

34 When Jesus saw that he had answered wisely, he said to him, “You are not far from the kingdom of God.”(Y) And from then on no one dared ask him any more questions.(Z)

Whose Son Is the Messiah?(AA)(AB)

35 While Jesus was teaching in the temple courts,(AC) he asked, “Why do the teachers of the law say that the Messiah is the son of David?(AD) 36 David himself, speaking by the Holy Spirit,(AE) declared:

“‘The Lord said to my Lord:
    “Sit at my right hand
until I put your enemies
    under your feet.”’[h](AF)

37 David himself calls him ‘Lord.’ How then can he be his son?”

The large crowd(AG) listened to him with delight.

Warning Against the Teachers of the Law

38 As he taught, Jesus said, “Watch out for the teachers of the law. They like to walk around in flowing robes and be greeted with respect in the marketplaces, 39 and have the most important seats in the synagogues and the places of honor at banquets.(AH) 40 They devour widows’ houses and for a show make lengthy prayers. These men will be punished most severely.”

The Widow’s Offering(AI)

41 Jesus sat down opposite the place where the offerings were put(AJ) and watched the crowd putting their money into the temple treasury. Many rich people threw in large amounts. 42 But a poor widow came and put in two very small copper coins, worth only a few cents.

43 Calling his disciples to him, Jesus said, “Truly I tell you, this poor widow has put more into the treasury than all the others. 44 They all gave out of their wealth; but she, out of her poverty, put in everything—all she had to live on.”(AK)

Footnotes

  1. Mark 12:11 Psalm 118:22,23
  2. Mark 12:14 A special tax levied on subject peoples, not on Roman citizens
  3. Mark 12:23 Some manuscripts resurrection, when people rise from the dead,
  4. Mark 12:26 Exodus 3:6
  5. Mark 12:29 Or The Lord our God is one Lord
  6. Mark 12:30 Deut. 6:4,5
  7. Mark 12:31 Lev. 19:18
  8. Mark 12:36 Psalm 110:1