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Ezechiele 27
Conferenza Episcopale Italiana
Ezechiele 27
Conferenza Episcopale Italiana
Secondo lamento sulla caduta di Tiro
27 Mi fu rivolta questa parola del Signore: 2 «Orsù, figlio dell'uomo, intona un lamento su Tiro. 3 Dì a Tiro, alla città situata all'approdo del mare, che commercia con i popoli e con le molte isole:
Così dice il Signore Dio:
Tiro, tu dicevi: Io sono una nave di perfetta bellezza.
4 In mezzo ai mari è il tuo dominio.
I tuoi costruttori ti hanno reso bellissima:
5 con cipressi del Senìr
hanno costruito tutte le tue fiancate,
hanno preso il cedro del Libano
per farti l'albero maestro;
6 i tuoi remi li hanno fatti con le querce di Basan;
il ponte te lo hanno fatto d'avorio,
intarsiato nel bòssolo delle isole di Chittim.
7 Di lino ricamato d'Egitto
era la tua vela che ti servisse d'insegna;
di giacinto scarlatto delle isole di Elisà
era il tuo padiglione.
8 Gli abitanti di Sidòne e d'Arvad erano i tuoi rematori,
gli esperti di Semer erano in te, come tuoi piloti.
9 Gli anziani di Biblos e i suoi esperti erano in te
per riparare le tue falle.
Tutte le navi del mare e i loro marinai
erano in te per scambiare merci.
10 Guerrieri di Persia, di Lud e di Put
erano nelle tue schiere,
appendevano in te lo scudo e l'elmo,
ti davano splendore.
11 I figli di Arvad e il loro esercito
erano intorno alle tue mura
vigilando sui tuoi bastioni,
tutti appendevano intorno alle tue mura gli scudi,
coronando la tua bellezza.
12 Tarsìs commerciava con te, per le tue ricchezze d'ogni specie, scambiando le tue merci con argento, ferro, stagno e piombo. 13 Anche la Grecia, Tubal e Mesech commerciavano con te e scambiavan le tue merci con schiavi e oggetti di bronzo. 14 Quelli di Togarmà ti fornivano in cambio cavalli da tiro, da corsa e muli. 15 Gli abitanti di Dedan trafficavano con te; il commercio delle molte isole era nelle tue mani: ti davano in pagamento corni d'avorio ed ebano. 16 Aram commerciava con te per la moltitudine dei tuoi prodotti e pagava le tue merci con pietre preziose, porpora, ricami, bisso, coralli e rubini. 17 Con te commerciavano Giuda e il paese d'Israele. Ti davano in cambio grano di Minnìt, profumo, miele, olio e balsamo. 18 Damasco trafficava con te per i tuoi numerosi prodotti, per i tuoi beni di ogni specie scambiando vino di Chelbòn e lana di Zacar. 19 Vedàn e Iavàn da Uzàl ti rifornivano ferro lavorato, cassia e canna aromatica in cambio dei tuoi prodotti. 20 Dedan trafficava con te in coperte di cavalli. 21 L'Arabia e tutti i prìncipi di Kedàr mercanteggiavano con te: trafficavano con te agnelli, montoni e capri. 22 I mercanti di Saba e di Raemà trafficavano con te, scambiando le tue merci con i più squisiti aromi, con ogni sorta di pietre preziose e con oro.
23 Carran, Cannè, Eden, i mercanti di Saba, Assur, Kilmàd commerciavano con te. 24 Scambiavano con te vesti di lusso, mantelli di porpora e di broccato, tappeti tessuti a vari colori, funi ritorte e robuste, sul tuo mercato. 25 Le navi di Tarsìs viaggiavano, portando le tue mercanzie.
Così divenisti ricca e gloriosa
in mezzo ai mari.
26 In alto mare ti condussero i tuoi rematori,
ma il vento d'oriente ti ha travolto
in mezzo ai mari.
27 Le tue ricchezze, i tuoi beni e il tuo traffico,
i tuoi marinai e i tuoi piloti,
i riparatori delle tue avarie
i trafficanti delle tue merci,
tutti i guerrieri che sono in te
e tutta la turba che è in mezzo a te
piomberanno nel fondo dei mari,
il giorno della tua caduta.
28 All'udire il grido dei tuoi nocchieri
tremeranno le spiagge.
29 Scenderanno dalle loro navi
quanti maneggiano il remo:
i marinai, e tutti i piloti del mare
resteranno a terra.
30 Faranno sentire il lamento su di te
e grideranno amaramente,
si getteranno sulla testa la polvere,
si rotoleranno nella cenere;
31 si raderanno i capelli per te
e vestiranno di sacco;
per te piangeranno nell'amarezza dell'anima
con amaro cordoglio.
32 Nel loro pianto intoneranno su di te un lamento,
su di te comporranno elegie:
Chi era come Tiro, ora distrutta in mezzo al mare?
33 Quando dai mari uscivano le tue mercanzie,
saziavi tanti popoli;
con l'abbondanza delle tue ricchezze
e del tuo commercio
arricchivi i re della terra.
34 Ora tu giaci travolta dai flutti
nelle profondità delle acque:
il tuo carico e tutto il tuo equipaggio
sono affondati con te.
35 Tutti gli abitanti delle isole
sono rimasti spaventati per te
e i loro re, colpiti dal terrore,
hanno il viso sconvolto.
36 I mercanti dei popoli fischiano su di te,
tu sei divenuta oggetto di spavento,
finita per sempre».
Ezekiel 27
New International Version
Ezekiel 27
New International Version
A Lament Over Tyre
27 The word of the Lord came to me: 2 “Son of man, take up a lament(A) concerning Tyre. 3 Say to Tyre,(B) situated at the gateway to the sea,(C) merchant of peoples on many coasts, ‘This is what the Sovereign Lord says:
“‘You say, Tyre,
“I am perfect in beauty.(D)”
4 Your domain was on the high seas;
your builders brought your beauty to perfection.(E)
5 They made all your timbers
of juniper from Senir[a];(F)
they took a cedar from Lebanon(G)
to make a mast for you.
6 Of oaks(H) from Bashan
they made your oars;
of cypress wood[b] from the coasts of Cyprus(I)
they made your deck, adorned with ivory.
7 Fine embroidered linen(J) from Egypt was your sail
and served as your banner;
your awnings were of blue and purple(K)
from the coasts of Elishah.(L)
8 Men of Sidon and Arvad(M) were your oarsmen;
your skilled men, Tyre, were aboard as your sailors.(N)
9 Veteran craftsmen of Byblos(O) were on board
as shipwrights to caulk your seams.
All the ships of the sea(P) and their sailors
came alongside to trade for your wares.
10 “‘Men of Persia,(Q) Lydia(R) and Put(S)
served as soldiers in your army.
They hung their shields(T) and helmets on your walls,
bringing you splendor.
11 Men of Arvad and Helek
guarded your walls on every side;
men of Gammad
were in your towers.
They hung their shields around your walls;
they brought your beauty to perfection.(U)
12 “‘Tarshish(V) did business with you because of your great wealth of goods;(W) they exchanged silver, iron, tin and lead for your merchandise.
13 “‘Greece,(X) Tubal and Meshek(Y) did business with you; they traded human beings(Z) and articles of bronze for your wares.
14 “‘Men of Beth Togarmah(AA) exchanged chariot horses, cavalry horses and mules for your merchandise.
15 “‘The men of Rhodes[c](AB) traded with you, and many coastlands(AC) were your customers; they paid you with ivory(AD) tusks and ebony.
16 “‘Aram[d](AE) did business with you because of your many products; they exchanged turquoise,(AF) purple fabric, embroidered work, fine linen,(AG) coral(AH) and rubies for your merchandise.
17 “‘Judah and Israel traded with you; they exchanged wheat(AI) from Minnith(AJ) and confections,[e] honey, olive oil and balm(AK) for your wares.(AL)
18 “‘Damascus(AM) did business with you because of your many products and great wealth of goods.(AN) They offered wine from Helbon, wool from Zahar 19 and casks of wine from Izal(AO) in exchange for your wares: wrought iron, cassia(AP) and calamus.
20 “‘Dedan(AQ) traded in saddle blankets with you.
21 “‘Arabia(AR) and all the princes of Kedar(AS) were your customers; they did business with you in lambs, rams and goats.
22 “‘The merchants of Sheba(AT) and Raamah traded with you; for your merchandise they exchanged the finest of all kinds of spices(AU) and precious stones, and gold.(AV)
23 “‘Harran,(AW) Kanneh and Eden(AX) and merchants of Sheba, Ashur(AY) and Kilmad traded with you. 24 In your marketplace they traded with you beautiful garments, blue fabric, embroidered work and multicolored rugs with cords twisted and tightly knotted.
25 “‘The ships of Tarshish(AZ) serve
as carriers for your wares.
You are filled with heavy cargo
as you sail the sea.(BA)
26 Your oarsmen take you
out to the high seas.
But the east wind(BB) will break you to pieces
far out at sea.
27 Your wealth,(BC) merchandise and wares,
your mariners, sailors and shipwrights,
your merchants and all your soldiers,
and everyone else on board
will sink into the heart of the sea(BD)
on the day of your shipwreck.
28 The shorelands will quake(BE)
when your sailors cry out.
29 All who handle the oars
will abandon their ships;
the mariners and all the sailors
will stand on the shore.
30 They will raise their voice
and cry bitterly over you;
they will sprinkle dust(BF) on their heads
and roll(BG) in ashes.(BH)
31 They will shave their heads(BI) because of you
and will put on sackcloth.
They will weep(BJ) over you with anguish of soul
and with bitter mourning.(BK)
32 As they wail and mourn over you,
they will take up a lament(BL) concerning you:
“Who was ever silenced like Tyre,
surrounded by the sea?(BM)”
33 When your merchandise went out on the seas,(BN)
you satisfied many nations;
with your great wealth(BO) and your wares
you enriched the kings of the earth.
34 Now you are shattered by the sea
in the depths of the waters;
your wares and all your company
have gone down with you.(BP)
35 All who live in the coastlands(BQ)
are appalled(BR) at you;
their kings shudder with horror
and their faces are distorted with fear.(BS)
36 The merchants among the nations scoff at you;(BT)
you have come to a horrible end
and will be no more.(BU)’”
Footnotes
- Ezekiel 27:5 That is, Mount Hermon
- Ezekiel 27:6 Targum; the Masoretic Text has a different division of the consonants.
- Ezekiel 27:15 Septuagint; Hebrew Dedan
- Ezekiel 27:16 Most Hebrew manuscripts; some Hebrew manuscripts and Syriac Edom
- Ezekiel 27:17 The meaning of the Hebrew for this word is uncertain.
Ezekiel 27
New King James Version
Ezekiel 27
New King James Version
Lamentation for Tyre
27 The word of the Lord came again to me, saying, 2 “Now, son of man, (A)take up a lamentation for Tyre, 3 and say to Tyre, (B)‘You who [a]are situated at the entrance of the sea, (C)merchant of the peoples on many coastlands, thus says the Lord God:
“O Tyre, you have said,
(D)‘I am perfect in beauty.’
4 Your borders are in the midst of the seas.
Your builders have perfected your beauty.
5 They [b]made all your planks of fir trees from (E)Senir;
They took a cedar from Lebanon to make you a mast.
6 Of (F)oaks from Bashan they made your oars;
The company of Ashurites have inlaid your planks
With ivory from (G)the coasts of [c]Cyprus.
7 Fine embroidered linen from Egypt was what you spread for your sail;
Blue and purple from the coasts of Elishah was what covered you.
8 “Inhabitants of Sidon and Arvad were your oarsmen;
Your wise men, O Tyre, were in you;
They became your pilots.
9 Elders of (H)Gebal and its wise men
Were in you to caulk your seams;
All the ships of the sea
And their oarsmen were in you
To market your merchandise.
10 “Those from Persia, [d]Lydia, and [e]Libya
Were in your army as men of war;
They hung shield and helmet in you;
They gave splendor to you.
11 Men of Arvad with your army were on your walls all around,
And the men of Gammad were in your towers;
They hung their shields on your walls all around;
They made (I)your beauty perfect.
12 (J)“Tarshish was your merchant because of your many luxury goods. They gave you silver, iron, tin, and lead for your goods. 13 (K)Javan, Tubal, and Meshech were your traders. They bartered (L)human lives and vessels of bronze for your merchandise. 14 Those from the house of (M)Togarmah traded for your wares with horses, steeds, and mules. 15 The men of (N)Dedan were your traders; many isles were the market of your hand. They brought you ivory tusks and ebony as payment. 16 Syria was your merchant because of the abundance of goods you made. They gave you for your wares emeralds, purple, embroidery, fine linen, corals, and rubies. 17 Judah and the land of Israel were your traders. They traded for your merchandise wheat of (O)Minnith, millet, honey, oil, and (P)balm. 18 Damascus was your merchant because of the abundance of goods you made, because of your many luxury items, with the wine of Helbon and with white wool. 19 Dan and Javan paid for your wares, [f]traversing back and forth. Wrought iron, cassia, and cane were among your merchandise. 20 (Q)Dedan was your merchant in saddlecloths for riding. 21 Arabia and all the princes of (R)Kedar were your regular merchants. They traded with you in lambs, rams, and goats. 22 The merchants of (S)Sheba and Raamah were your merchants. They traded for your wares the choicest spices, all kinds of precious stones, and gold. 23 (T)Haran, Canneh, Eden, the merchants of (U)Sheba, Assyria, and Chilmad were your merchants. 24 These were your merchants in choice items—in purple clothes, in embroidered garments, in chests of multicolored apparel, in sturdy woven cords, which were in your marketplace.
25 “The (V)ships of Tarshish were carriers of your merchandise.
You were filled and very glorious (W)in the midst of the seas.
26 Your oarsmen brought you into many waters,
But (X)the east wind broke you in the midst of the seas.
27 “Your (Y)riches, wares, and merchandise,
Your mariners and pilots,
Your caulkers and merchandisers,
All your men of war who are in you,
And the entire company which is in your midst,
Will fall into the midst of the seas on the day of your ruin.
28 The (Z)common-land[g] will shake at the sound of the cry of your pilots.
29 “All (AA)who handle the oar,
The mariners,
All the pilots of the sea
Will come down from their ships and stand on the [h]shore.
30 They will make their voice heard because of you;
They will cry bitterly and (AB)cast dust on their heads;
They (AC)will roll about in ashes;
31 They will (AD)shave themselves completely bald because of you,
Gird themselves with sackcloth,
And weep for you
With bitterness of heart and bitter wailing.
32 In their wailing for you
They will (AE)take up a lamentation,
And lament for you:
(AF)‘What city is like Tyre,
Destroyed in the midst of the sea?
33 ‘When(AG) your wares went out by sea,
You satisfied many people;
You enriched the kings of the earth
With your many luxury goods and your merchandise.
34 But (AH)you are broken by the seas in the depths of the waters;
(AI)Your merchandise and the entire company will fall in your midst.
35 (AJ)All the inhabitants of the isles will be astonished at you;
Their kings will be greatly afraid,
And their countenance will be troubled.
36 The merchants among the peoples (AK)will hiss at you;
(AL)You will become a horror, and be no (AM)more forever.’ ” ’ ”
Footnotes
- Ezekiel 27:3 Lit. sit or dwell
- Ezekiel 27:5 built
- Ezekiel 27:6 Heb. Kittim, western lands, especially Cyprus
- Ezekiel 27:10 Heb. Lud
- Ezekiel 27:10 Heb. Put
- Ezekiel 27:19 LXX, Syr. from Uzal
- Ezekiel 27:28 open lands or pasturelands
- Ezekiel 27:29 Lit. land
Ezekiel 27
New English Translation
Ezekiel 27
New English Translation
A Lament for Tyre
27 The Lord’s message came to me: 2 “You, son of man, sing a lament for Tyre.[a] 3 Say to Tyre, who sits at the entrance[b] of the sea,[c] merchant to the peoples on many coasts, ‘This is what the Sovereign Lord says:
“‘O Tyre, you have said, “I am perfectly beautiful.”
4 [d] Your borders are in the heart of the seas;
your builders have perfected your beauty.
5 They crafted[e] all your planks out of fir trees from Senir;[f]
they took a cedar from Lebanon to make your mast.
6 They made your oars from oaks of Bashan;
they made your deck[g] with cypress wood[h] from the coasts of Cyprus.[i]
7 Fine linen from Egypt, woven with patterns, was used for your sail
to serve as your banner;
blue and purple from the coastlands of Elishah[j] were used for your deck’s awning.
8 The leaders[k] of Sidon and Arvad[l] were your rowers;
your skilled men,[m] O Tyre, were your captains.
9 The elders of Gebal[n] and her skilled men were within you, mending cracks;[o]
all the ships of the sea and their mariners were within you to trade for your merchandise.[p]
10 Men of Persia, Lud,[q] and Put were in your army, men of war.
They hung shield and helmet on you; they gave you your splendor.
11 The Arvadites[r] joined your army on your walls all around,
and the Gammadites[s] were in your towers.
They hung their quivers[t] on your walls all around;
they perfected your beauty.
12 “‘Tarshish[u] was your trade partner because of your abundant wealth; they exchanged silver, iron, tin, and lead for your products. 13 Javan, Tubal, and Meshech were your clients; they exchanged slaves and bronze items for your merchandise. 14 Beth Togarmah exchanged horses, chargers,[v] and mules for your products. 15 The Dedanites[w] were your clients. Many coastlands were your customers; they paid[x] you with ivory tusks and ebony. 16 Edom[y] was your trade partner because of the abundance of your goods; they exchanged turquoise, purple, embroidered work, fine linen, coral, and rubies for your products. 17 Judah and the land of Israel were your clients; they traded wheat from Minnith,[z] millet, honey, olive oil, and balm for your merchandise. 18 Damascus was your trade partner because of the abundance of your goods and of all your wealth: wine from Helbon, white wool from Zahar, 19 and casks of wine[aa] from Izal[ab] they exchanged for your products. Wrought iron, cassia, and sweet cane were among your merchandise. 20 Dedan was your client in saddlecloths for riding. 21 Arabia and all the princes of Kedar were your trade partners; for lambs, rams, and goats they traded with you. 22 The merchants of Sheba and Raamah engaged in trade with you; they traded the best kinds of spices along with precious stones and gold for your products. 23 Haran, Kanneh, Eden, merchants from Sheba, Asshur, and Kilmad were your clients. 24 They traded with you choice garments, purple clothes and embroidered work, and multicolored carpets bound and reinforced with cords; these were among your merchandise. 25 The ships of Tarshish[ac] were the transports for your merchandise.
“‘So you were filled and weighed down in the heart of the seas.
26 Your rowers have brought you into surging waters.
The east wind has wrecked you in the heart of the seas.
27 Your wealth, products, and merchandise, your sailors and captains,
your ship’s carpenters,[ad] your merchants,
and all your fighting men within you,
along with all your crew who are in you,
will fall into the heart of the seas on the day of your downfall.
28 At the sound of your captains’ cries the waves will surge;[ae]
29 They will descend from their ships—all who handle the oar,
the sailors and all the sea captains—they will stand on the land.
30 They will lament loudly[af] over you and cry bitterly.
They will throw dust on their heads and roll in the ashes;[ag]
31 they will tear out their hair because of you and put on sackcloth,
and they will weep bitterly over you with intense mourning.[ah]
32 As they wail they will lament over you, chanting:
“Who was like Tyre, like a tower[ai] in the midst of the sea?”
33 When your products went out from the seas,
you satisfied many peoples;
with the abundance of your wealth and merchandise
you enriched the kings of the earth.
34 Now you are wrecked by the seas, in the depths of the waters;
your merchandise and all your company have sunk[aj] along with you.[ak]
35 All the inhabitants of the coastlands are shocked at you,
and their kings are horribly afraid—their faces are troubled.
36 The traders among the peoples hiss at you;
you have become a horror, and will be no more.’”
Footnotes
- Ezekiel 27:2 tn Heb “lift up over Tyre a lament.”
- Ezekiel 27:3 tn Heb “entrances.” The plural noun may reflect the fact that Tyre had two main harbors.
- Ezekiel 27:3 sn Rome, another economic power, is described in a similar way in Rev 17:1.
- Ezekiel 27:4 tn The city of Tyre is described in the following account as a merchant ship.
- Ezekiel 27:5 tn Heb “built.”
- Ezekiel 27:5 tn Perhaps the hull or deck. The term is dual, so perhaps it refers to a double-decked ship.
- Ezekiel 27:6 tn Or “hull.”
- Ezekiel 27:6 tc The Hebrew reads, “Your deck they made ivory, daughter of Assyria.” The syntactically difficult “ivory” is understood here as dittography and omitted, though some construe this to refer to ivory inlays. “Daughter of Assyria” is understood here as improper word division, and the vowels are repointed as “cypresses” and translated as “cypress wood.”
- Ezekiel 27:6 tn Heb “from the coastlands (or islands) of Kittim,” generally understood to be a reference to the island of Cyprus, where the Phoenicians had a trading colony on the southeast coast.
- Ezekiel 27:7 sn This is probably a reference to Cyprus.
- Ezekiel 27:8 tc The MT reads, “the residents of”; the LXX reads, “your rulers who dwell in.” With no apparent reason for the LXX to add “the rulers,” many suppose something has dropped out of the Hebrew text. While more than one may be possible, Allen’s proposal, positing a word meaning “elders,” is the most likely to explain the omission in the MT from a graphic standpoint and also provides a parallel to the beginning of v. 9. See L. C. Allen, Ezekiel (WBC), 2:81.
- Ezekiel 27:8 sn Sidon and Arvad, like Tyre, were Phoenician coastal cities.
- Ezekiel 27:8 tn Or “wise.”
- Ezekiel 27:9 sn Another Phoenician coastal city located between Sidon and Arvad.
- Ezekiel 27:9 tn Heb “strengthening damages.” Here “to strengthen” means to repair. The word for “damages” occurs several times in 1 Kgs 12 about some type of damage to the temple, which may have referred to or included cracks. Since the context describes Tyre in its glory, we do not expect this reference to damages to be of significant scale, even if there are repairmen. This may refer to using pitch to seal the seams of the ship, which had to be done periodically and could be considered routine maintenance rather than repair of damage.
- Ezekiel 27:9 sn The reference to “all the ships of the sea…within you” suggests that the metaphor is changing; previously Tyre had been described as a magnificent ship, but now the description shifts back to an actual city. The “ships of the sea” were within Tyre’s harbor. Verse 11 refers to “walls” and “towers” of the city.
- Ezekiel 27:10 sn See Gen 10:22.
- Ezekiel 27:11 tn Heb “sons of Arvad.”
- Ezekiel 27:11 sn The identity of the Gammadites is uncertain.
- Ezekiel 27:11 tn See note on “quivers” in Jer 51:11 on the meaning of Hebrew שֶׁלֶט (shelet) and also M. Greenberg, Ezekiel (AB), 2:553.
- Ezekiel 27:12 sn Tarshish refers to a distant seaport sometimes believed to be located in southern Spain (others identified it as Carthage in North Africa). In any event it represents here a distant, rich, and exotic port that was a trading partner of Tyre.
- Ezekiel 27:14 tn The way in which these horses may have been distinguished from other horses is unknown. Cf. ASV “war-horses” (NASB, NIV, NRSV, CEV are all similar); NLT “chariot horses.”
- Ezekiel 27:15 tn Heb “sons of Dedan.”
- Ezekiel 27:15 tn Heb “they returned as your gift.”
- Ezekiel 27:16 tc Many Hebrew mss, Aquila’s Greek translation, and the Syriac version read “Edom.” The LXX reads “man,” a translation that assumes the same consonants as Edom. This reading is supported from the context as the text deals with Damascus, the capital of Syria (Aram), later (in v. 18).
- Ezekiel 27:17 sn The location is mentioned in Judg 11:33.
- Ezekiel 27:19 tc The MT leaves v. 18 as an incomplete sentence and begins v. 19 with “and Dan and Javan [Ionia] from Uzal.” The LXX mentions “wine.” The translation follows an emendation assuming some confusions of vav and yod. See L. C. Allen, Ezekiel (WBC), 2:82.
- Ezekiel 27:19 sn According to L. C. Allen (Ezekiel [WBC], 2:82), Izal was located between Haran and the Tigris and was famous for its wine.
- Ezekiel 27:25 tn Or perhaps “Large merchant ships.” The expression “ships of Tarshish” may describe a class of vessel, that is, large oceangoing merchant ships.
- Ezekiel 27:27 tn Heb “your repairers of damage.” See v. 9.
- Ezekiel 27:28 tn Compare this phrase to Isa 57:20 and Amos 8:8. See M. Greenberg, Ezekiel (AB), 2:561.
- Ezekiel 27:30 tn Heb “make heard over you with their voice.”
- Ezekiel 27:30 tn Note a similar expression to “roll in the ashes” in Mic 1:10.
- Ezekiel 27:31 tn Heb “and they will weep concerning you with bitterness of soul, (with) bitter mourning.”
- Ezekiel 27:32 tn As it stands, the meaning of the Hebrew text is unclear. The translation follows the suggestion of M. Dahood, “Accadian-Ugaritic dmt in Ezekiel 27:32, ” Bib 45 (1964): 83-84. Several other explanations and emendations have been offered. See L. C. Allen, Ezekiel (WBC), 2:83, and D. I. Block, Ezekiel (NICOT), 2:85-86, for a list of options.
- Ezekiel 27:34 tn Heb “fallen.”
- Ezekiel 27:34 tn Heb “in the midst of you.”
New International Version (NIV) 
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New King James Version (NKJV) 
Scripture taken from the New King James Version®. Copyright © 1982 by Thomas Nelson. Used by permission. All rights reserved.
New English Translation (NET)
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