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Giovanni inizia il suo ministero

Durante il quindicesimo anno di regno dellʼimperatore Tiberio Cesare, un messaggio di Dio giunse a Giovanni, figlio di Zaccaria, mentre viveva nel deserto. (In quel periodo Pilato era governatore della Giudea, Erode era tetrarca di Galilea, suo fratello Filippo della Iturèa e della Traconìtide, e Lisània di Abilène; sotto i sommi sacerdoti giudei Anna e Caifa). Giovanni si spostava da un posto allʼaltro, lungo le sponde del fiume Giordano, e predicava che tutti dovevano essere battezzati per dimostrare che si erano convertiti a Dio e allontanati dal peccato, e che potevano così essere perdonati. Si realizzava così ciò che aveva scritto il profeta Isaia: Giovanni era «una voce che grida dal deserto: “Preparate la strada al Signore! Allargate il sentiero davanti a Lui! Spianate le montagne! Colmate le valli! Raddrizzate le curve! Rendete lisce le strade scabrose! E allora tutta lʼumanità vedrà il Salvatore mandato da Dio”».

Molta gente andava da Giovanni per farsi battezzare ed egli diceva loro:

«Figli di serpenti! Voi cercate di scampare dallʼinferno, senza convertirvi sinceramente a Dio. Ecco perché volete essere battezzati! Prima date prova coi fatti che siete davvero pentiti. E non pensate di essere al sicuro, perché discendete da Abramo. Non basta. Vi assicuro che Dio può creare figli dʼAbramo anche da queste pietre del deserto!

La scure del suo giudizio è già alzata sopra di voi, pronta per tagliare le vostre radici e abbattervi: ogni albero che non dà buoni frutti sarà abbattuto e buttato nel fuoco!»

10 Qualcuno fra la folla gli chiedeva: «Che vuoi che facciamo?» 11 Giovanni rispondeva:

«Se avete due vestiti, datene uno ai poveri. Se avete del cibo in più, datelo agli affamati».

12 Perfino gli esattori delle tasse, noti per la loro corruzione, venivano da Giovanni per farsi battezzare, e chiedevano: «Come possiamo provarti che abbiamo cambiato vita?»

13 «Con la vostra onestà», rispondeva Giovanni. «Non riscuotete tasse superiori a quanto esiga il governo romano».

14 «E noi», chiedevano alcuni soldati, «che dici di noi?»

Giovanni rispondeva: «Non estorcete denaro con minacce e violenza, non accusate nessuno con false denunce, e siate soddisfatti della vostra paga!»

15 Intanto tutti aspettavano che il Messia arrivasse presto ed erano ansiosi di sapere se fosse Giovanni. Era questo lʼinterrogativo del momento e se ne discuteva ovunque. 16 Ma Giovanni disse a tutti: «Io battezzo soltanto con acqua, ma presto arriverà qualcuno che è tanto più forte di me, al quale non sono nemmeno degno di allacciare i sandali. Egli vi battezzerà col fuoco e con lo Spirito Santo. 17 Separerà la pula dal grano; brucerà la pula col fuoco eterno e raccoglierà il grano nei suoi granai». 18 Giovanni si servì di molti avvertimenti del genere, mentre annunciava la Buona Notizia alla gente.

19-20 Ma dopo che Giovanni ebbe pubblicamente criticato Erode, governatore della Galilea, per aver sposato Erodiade, moglie di suo fratello, e per molti altri mali commessi, Erode lo rinchiuse in prigione, aggiungendo così un altro peccato alle sue innumerevoli colpe. 21 Un giorno, dopo che tutte le persone erano state battezzate, anche Gesù si fece battezzare. Dopo il battesimo, mentre era in preghiera, i cieli si aprirono, 22 e lo Spirito Santo sotto forma di colomba si fermò su di lui. Una voce dal cielo disse: «Tu sei il mio amatissimo Figlio, in te mi sono compiaciuto.»

23 Gesù aveva circa trentʼanni, quando cominciò il suo pubblico ministero. Era conosciuto come figlio di Giuseppe. Il padre di Giuseppe era Eli, 24 il padre di Eli era Matthat, il padre di Matthat era Levi, il padre di Levi era Melchi, il padre di Melchi era Iannai, il padre di Iannai era Giuseppe, 25 il padre di Giuseppe era Mattatia, il padre di Mattatia era Amos, il padre di Amos era Naum, il padre di Naum era Esli, il padre di Esli era Naggai, 26 il padre di Naggai era Maat, il padre di Maat era Mattatia, il padre di Mattatia era Semein, il padre di Semein era Iosech, il padre di Iosech era Ioda, 27 il padre di Ioda era Ioanan, il padre di Ioanan era Rhesa, il padre di Rhesa era Zorobabele, il padre di Zorobabele era Salatiel, il padre di Salatiel era Neri, 28 il padre di Neri era Melchi, il padre di Melchi era Addi, il padre di Addi era Cosam, il padre di Cosam era Elmadam, il padre di Elmadam era Er, 29 il padre di Er era Giosuè, il padre di Giosuè era Eliezer, il padre di Eliezer era Iorim, il padre di Iorim era Mattat, il padre di Mattat era Levi, 30 il padre di Levi era Simeone, il padre di Simeone era Giuda, il padre di Giuda era Giuseppe, il padre di Giuseppe era Ionam, il padre di Ionam era Eliacim, 31 il padre di Eliacim era Melea, il padre di Melea era Menna, il padre di Menna era Mattatha, il padre di Matthata era Nathan, il padre di Nathan era Davide, 32 il padre di Davide era Iesse, il padre di Iesse era Iobed, il padre di Iobed era Boaz, il padre di Boaz era Sala, il padre di Sala era Naàsson, 33 il padre di Naàsson era Aminadab, il padre di Aminadab era Admin, il padre di Admin era Arni, il padre di Arni era Esrom, il padre di Esrom era Fares, il padre di Fares era Giuda, 34 il padre di Giuda era Giacobbe, il padre di Giacobbe era Isacco, il padre di Isacco era Abramo, il padre di Abramo era Tare, il padre di Tare era Nacor, 35 il padre di Nacor era Seruk, il padre di Seruk era Ragau, il padre di Ragau era Falek, il padre di Falek era Eber, il padre di Eber era Sala, 36 il padre di Sala era Cainam, il padre di Cainam era Arfàcsad, il padre di Arfàcsad era Sem, il padre di Sem era Noè, il padre di Noè era Lamech, 37 il padre di Lamech era Matusalemme, il padre di Matusalemme era Enoch, il padre di Enoch era Iaret, il padre di Iaret era Malleèl, il padre di Malleèl era Cainam, 38 il padre di Cainam era Enos, il padre di Enos era Set, il padre di Set era Adamo, il Padre di Adamo era Dio.

¶ Now in the fifteenth year of the reign of Tiberius Caesar, Pontius Pilate being governor of Judaea, and Herod being tetrarch of Galilee, and his brother Philip tetrarch of Ituraea and of the region of Trachonitis, and Lysanias the tetrarch of Abilene,

Annas and Caiaphas being the high priests, the word of God came upon John the son of Zachariah in the wilderness.

And he came into all the country about Jordan, preaching the baptism of repentance for the remission of sins;

as it is written in the book of the words of Isaiah the prophet, saying, The voice of one crying in the wilderness, Prepare ye the way of the Lord; make his paths straight.

Every valley shall be filled, and every mountain and hill shall be brought low, and the crooked ways shall be made straight, and the rough ways shall be made smooth;

and all flesh shall see the saving health of God.

Then said he to the multitude that came forth to be baptized of him, O generation of vipers, who taught you to flee from the wrath to come?

Bring forth therefore fruits worthy of repentance and begin not to say within yourselves, We have Abraham for our father; for I say unto you, That God is able of these stones to raise up children unto Abraham.

And now also the axe is laid unto the root of the trees; every tree therefore which does not bring forth good fruit is hewn down and cast into the fire.

10 And the people asked him, saying, What shall we do then?

11 He answered and said unto them, He that has two coats, let him impart to him that has none; and he that has food, let him do likewise.

12 Then the publicans also came to be baptized and said unto him, Master, what shall we do?

13 And he said unto them, Exact no more than that which is appointed you.

14 And the soldiers likewise demanded of him, saying, And what shall we do? And he said unto them, Oppress no one, neither accuse anyone falsely; and be content with your wages.

15 ¶ And as the people were in expectation, and all men mused in their hearts of John, whether he were the Christ, or not,

16 John answered, saying unto them all, I indeed baptize you in water, but one mightier than I comes, the latchet of whose shoes I am not worthy to unloose; he shall baptize you in the Holy Spirit and fire;

17 whose fan is in his hand, and he will thoroughly purge his threshing floor and will gather the wheat into his storehouse, but the chaff he will burn with fire unquenchable.

18 And exhorting many other things he announced the gospel unto the people.

19 Then Herod the tetrarch, being reproved by him for Herodias his brother Philip’s wife and for all the evils which Herod had done,

20 added yet this above all, that he shut up John in prison.

21 ¶ Now when all the people were baptized, it came to pass that, Jesus also being baptized and praying, the heaven was opened,

22 and the Holy Spirit descended in a bodily shape like a dove upon him, and a voice came from heaven, which said, Thou art my beloved Son; in thee is my delight.

23 And Jesus himself began to be about thirty years of age, being (as was supposed) the son of Joseph, who was the son of Heli,

24 who was the son of Matthat, who was the son of Levi, who was the son of Melchi, who was the son of Janna, who was the son of Joseph,

25 who was the son of Mattathias, who was the son of Amos, who was the son of Naum, who was the son of Esli, who was the son of Nagge,

26 who was the son of Maath, who was the son of Mattathias, who was the son of Semei, who was the son of Joseph, who was the son of Juda,

27 who was the son of Joanna, who was the son of Rhesa, who was the son of Zorobabel, who was the son of Salathiel, who was the son of Neri,

28 who was the son of Melchi, who was the son of Addi, who was the son of Cosam, who was the son of Elmodam, who was the son of Er,

29 who was the son of Joshua, who was the son of Eliezer, who was the son of Jorim, who was the son of Matthat, who was the son of Levi,

30 who was the son of Simeon, who was the son of Juda, who was the son of Joseph, who was the son of Jonan, who was the son of Eliakim,

31 who was the son of Melea, who was the son of Menan, who was the son of Mattatha, who was the son of Nathan, who was the son of David,

32 who was the son of Jesse, who was the son of Obed, who was the son of Booz, {Greek word for “Boaz”} who was the son of Salmon, who was the son of Naasson,

33 who was the son of Aminadab, who was the son of Aram, who was the son of Esrom, who was the son of Phares, who was the son of Juda,

34 who was the son of Jacob, who was the son of Isaac, who was the son of Abraham, who was the son of Thara, who was the son of Nachor,

35 who was the son of Saruch, who was the son of Ragau, who was the son of Peleg, who was the son of Heber, who was the son of Sala,

36 who was the son of Cainan, who was the son of Arphaxad, who was the son of Shem, who was the son of Noah, who was the son of Lamech,

37 who was the son of Mathusala, who was the son of Enoch, who was the son of Jared, who was the son of Maleleel, who was the son of Cainan,

38 who was the son of Enos, who was the son of Seth, who was the son of Adam, who was the son of God.

John the Baptist Prepares the Way(A)(B)

In the fifteenth year of the reign of Tiberius Caesar—when Pontius Pilate(C) was governor of Judea, Herod(D) tetrarch of Galilee, his brother Philip tetrarch of Iturea and Traconitis, and Lysanias tetrarch of Abilene— during the high-priesthood of Annas and Caiaphas,(E) the word of God came to John(F) son of Zechariah(G) in the wilderness. He went into all the country around the Jordan, preaching a baptism of repentance for the forgiveness of sins.(H) As it is written in the book of the words of Isaiah the prophet:

“A voice of one calling in the wilderness,
‘Prepare the way for the Lord,
    make straight paths for him.
Every valley shall be filled in,
    every mountain and hill made low.
The crooked roads shall become straight,
    the rough ways smooth.
And all people will see God’s salvation.’”[a](I)

John said to the crowds coming out to be baptized by him, “You brood of vipers!(J) Who warned you to flee from the coming wrath?(K) Produce fruit in keeping with repentance. And do not begin to say to yourselves, ‘We have Abraham as our father.’(L) For I tell you that out of these stones God can raise up children for Abraham. The ax is already at the root of the trees, and every tree that does not produce good fruit will be cut down and thrown into the fire.”(M)

10 “What should we do then?”(N) the crowd asked.

11 John answered, “Anyone who has two shirts should share with the one who has none, and anyone who has food should do the same.”(O)

12 Even tax collectors came to be baptized.(P) “Teacher,” they asked, “what should we do?”

13 “Don’t collect any more than you are required to,”(Q) he told them.

14 Then some soldiers asked him, “And what should we do?”

He replied, “Don’t extort money and don’t accuse people falsely(R)—be content with your pay.”

15 The people were waiting expectantly and were all wondering in their hearts if John(S) might possibly be the Messiah.(T) 16 John answered them all, “I baptize you with[b] water.(U) But one who is more powerful than I will come, the straps of whose sandals I am not worthy to untie. He will baptize you with[c] the Holy Spirit and fire.(V) 17 His winnowing fork(W) is in his hand to clear his threshing floor and to gather the wheat into his barn, but he will burn up the chaff with unquenchable fire.”(X) 18 And with many other words John exhorted the people and proclaimed the good news to them.

19 But when John rebuked Herod(Y) the tetrarch because of his marriage to Herodias, his brother’s wife, and all the other evil things he had done, 20 Herod added this to them all: He locked John up in prison.(Z)

The Baptism and Genealogy of Jesus(AA)(AB)

21 When all the people were being baptized, Jesus was baptized too. And as he was praying,(AC) heaven was opened 22 and the Holy Spirit descended on him(AD) in bodily form like a dove. And a voice came from heaven: “You are my Son,(AE) whom I love; with you I am well pleased.”(AF)

23 Now Jesus himself was about thirty years old when he began his ministry.(AG) He was the son, so it was thought, of Joseph,(AH)

the son of Heli, 24 the son of Matthat,

the son of Levi, the son of Melki,

the son of Jannai, the son of Joseph,

25 the son of Mattathias, the son of Amos,

the son of Nahum, the son of Esli,

the son of Naggai, 26 the son of Maath,

the son of Mattathias, the son of Semein,

the son of Josek, the son of Joda,

27 the son of Joanan, the son of Rhesa,

the son of Zerubbabel,(AI) the son of Shealtiel,

the son of Neri, 28 the son of Melki,

the son of Addi, the son of Cosam,

the son of Elmadam, the son of Er,

29 the son of Joshua, the son of Eliezer,

the son of Jorim, the son of Matthat,

the son of Levi, 30 the son of Simeon,

the son of Judah, the son of Joseph,

the son of Jonam, the son of Eliakim,

31 the son of Melea, the son of Menna,

the son of Mattatha, the son of Nathan,(AJ)

the son of David, 32 the son of Jesse,

the son of Obed, the son of Boaz,

the son of Salmon,[d] the son of Nahshon,

33 the son of Amminadab, the son of Ram,[e]

the son of Hezron, the son of Perez,(AK)

the son of Judah, 34 the son of Jacob,

the son of Isaac, the son of Abraham,

the son of Terah, the son of Nahor,(AL)

35 the son of Serug, the son of Reu,

the son of Peleg, the son of Eber,

the son of Shelah, 36 the son of Cainan,

the son of Arphaxad,(AM) the son of Shem,

the son of Noah, the son of Lamech,(AN)

37 the son of Methuselah, the son of Enoch,

the son of Jared, the son of Mahalalel,

the son of Kenan,(AO) 38 the son of Enosh,

the son of Seth, the son of Adam,

the son of God.(AP)

Footnotes

  1. Luke 3:6 Isaiah 40:3-5
  2. Luke 3:16 Or in
  3. Luke 3:16 Or in
  4. Luke 3:32 Some early manuscripts Sala
  5. Luke 3:33 Some manuscripts Amminadab, the son of Admin, the son of Arni; other manuscripts vary widely.