路加福音 20
Chinese New Version (Traditional)
質問耶穌憑甚麼權柄作事(A)
20 有一天，耶穌在殿裡教導人，宣講福音，眾祭司長、經學家和長老上前來， 2 對他說：“告訴我們，你憑著甚麼權柄作這些事？給你這權柄的是誰？” 3 他回答他們：“我也要問你們一句話，你們告訴我： 4 約翰的洗禮是從天上來的，還是從人來的呢？” 5 他們就彼此議論說：“如果我們說：‘是從天上來的’，他就會問：‘那你們為甚麼不相信他呢？’ 6 如果我們說：‘是從人來的’，眾人都會用石頭打我們，因為他們都認定約翰是先知。” 7 於是他們回答耶穌：“我們不知道是從哪裡來的。” 8 耶穌說：“我也不告訴你們，我憑著甚麼權柄作這些事。”
佃戶的比喻(B)
9 於是耶穌向眾人講了這個比喻：“有一個人栽種了一個葡萄園，租給佃戶，就遠行去了很久。 10 到了時候，園主派了一個僕人到佃戶那裡，叫他們把葡萄園當納的果子交給他。佃戶卻打了他，放他空手回去。 11 園主又派另一個僕人去，佃戶又打了他，並且侮辱他，也叫他空手回去。 12 於是他又派第三個去，佃戶把他打傷，趕他走了。 13 葡萄園的主人說：‘怎麼辦呢？我要派我的愛子去，也許這一個他們會尊敬的。’ 14 佃戶一看他，就彼此商議說：‘這是繼承產業的，讓我們殺了他，那麼，產業就成為我們的了。’ 15 於是他們把園主的愛子推出葡萄園外殺了。主人要怎樣對待他們呢？ 16 他要來除掉這些佃戶，把葡萄園租給別人。”他們聽見了就說：“千萬不要有這樣的事發生！” 17 耶穌看著他們，說：“那麼，
‘建築工人所棄的石頭，
成了房角的主要石頭’，
這經文是甚麼意思呢？ 18 凡是跌在那石頭上的，就必摔碎；那石頭掉在誰的身上，就必把他壓得粉碎。” 19 經學家和祭司長知道這比喻是針對他們說的，當時就想動手拿他，可是又害怕群眾。
以納稅的事問難耶穌(C)
20 經學家和祭司長差派奸細偽裝好人去窺探耶穌，要在他的話上抓著把柄，好把他交由總督全權裁決。 21 奸細問他：“老師，我們知道你所說所教的都對，並且不講情面，只照著真理把 神的道教導人。 22 我們納稅給凱撒可以不可以？” 23 耶穌看透他們的詭計，就對他們說： 24 “給我一個銀幣看看，上面是誰的像，誰的名號？”他們說：“凱撒的。” 25 耶穌說：“這樣，凱撒的應當歸給凱撒， 神的應當歸給 神。” 26 他們在群眾面前，不能抓住耶穌的把柄，又希奇他的回答，就沉默下來。
人復活後不娶不嫁(D)
27 撒都該人向來否認有復活的事，他們當中有幾個人來問耶穌： 28 “老師，摩西曾寫給我們說：‘如果一個人娶了妻子，還沒有兒女就死了，他的弟弟就應當娶他的妻子，為哥哥立後。’ 29 從前有兄弟七人，頭一個娶了妻子，沒有孩子就死了。 30 第二個、 31 第三個，也娶過她；七個都是這樣，都沒有留下孩子就死了。 32 後來那女人也死了。 33 那麼，這女人在復活的時候，要作哪一個的妻子呢？因為七個人都娶過她。” 34 耶穌說：“這世界的人又娶又嫁， 35 但配得那世界的，又配從死人中復活的人，也不娶也不嫁。 36 他們和天使一樣，不能再死；既然是復活了的人，就是 神的兒子了。 37 至於死人復活的事，摩西在荊棘篇上提過，他稱主是亞伯拉罕的 神、以撒的 神、雅各的 神； 38 神不是死人的 神，而是活人的 神，因為在他那裡的人都是活的。” 39 經學家中有幾個說：“老師，你說得好。” 40 從此他們再不敢問他甚麼了。
大衛稱基督為主(E)
41 耶穌問他們：“人怎麼能說基督是大衛的子孫呢？ 42 大衛自己在詩篇上說：
‘主對我的主說：
你坐在我的右邊，
43 等我使你的仇敵作你的腳凳。’
44 大衛既然稱他為主，他又怎會是大衛的子孫呢？”
提防經學家(F)
45 眾人聽著的時候，耶穌對門徒說： 46 “你們要提防經學家，他們好穿長袍走來走去，喜歡人在巿中心向他們問安，並且喜歡會堂裡的高位、筵席上的首座。 47 他們吞沒了寡婦的房產，又用冗長的禱告作掩飾。這等人必受更重的刑罰。”
Luke 20
New American Bible (Revised Edition)
Chapter 20[a]
The Authority of Jesus Questioned.(A) 1 One day as he was teaching the people in the temple area and proclaiming the good news, the chief priests and scribes, together with the elders, approached him 2 and said to him, “Tell us, by what authority are you doing these things? Or who is the one who gave you this authority?”(B) 3 He said to them in reply, “I shall ask you a question. Tell me, 4 was John’s baptism of heavenly or of human origin?”(C) 5 They discussed this among themselves, and said, “If we say, ‘Of heavenly origin,’ he will say, ‘Why did you not believe him?’(D) 6 But if we say, ‘Of human origin,’ then all the people will stone us, for they are convinced that John was a prophet.” 7 So they answered that they did not know from where it came. 8 Then Jesus said to them, “Neither shall I tell you by what authority I do these things.”
The Parable of the Tenant Farmers.[b] 9 (E)Then he proceeded to tell the people this parable. “[A] man planted a vineyard, leased it to tenant farmers, and then went on a journey for a long time.(F) 10 At harvest time he sent a servant(G) to the tenant farmers to receive some of the produce of the vineyard. But they beat the servant and sent him away empty-handed. 11 So he proceeded to send another servant, but him also they beat and insulted and sent away empty-handed. 12 Then he proceeded to send a third, but this one too they wounded and threw out. 13 The owner of the vineyard said, ‘What shall I do? I shall send my beloved son; maybe they will respect him.’(H) 14 But when the tenant farmers saw him they said to one another, ‘This is the heir. Let us kill him that the inheritance may become ours.’ 15 So they threw him out of the vineyard and killed him.[c] What will the owner of the vineyard do to them? 16 He will come and put those tenant farmers to death and turn over the vineyard to others.” When the people heard this, they exclaimed, “Let it not be so!” 17 But he looked at them and asked, “What then does this scripture passage mean:
‘The stone which the builders rejected
has become the cornerstone’?(I)
18 Everyone who falls on that stone will be dashed to pieces; and it will crush anyone on whom it falls.” 19 The scribes and chief priests sought to lay their hands on him at that very hour, but they feared the people, for they knew that he had addressed this parable to them.(J)
Paying Taxes to the Emperor.(K) 20 [d]They watched him closely and sent agents pretending to be righteous who were to trap him in speech,(L) in order to hand him over to the authority and power of the governor. 21 They posed this question to him, “Teacher, we know that what you say and teach is correct, and you show no partiality, but teach the way of God in accordance with the truth.(M) 22 Is it lawful for us to pay tribute to Caesar or not?”[e] 23 Recognizing their craftiness he said to them, 24 “Show me a denarius;[f] whose image and name does it bear?” They replied, “Caesar’s.” 25 So he said to them, “Then repay to Caesar what belongs to Caesar and to God what belongs to God.”(N) 26 They were unable to trap him by something he might say before the people, and so amazed were they at his reply that they fell silent.
The Question About the Resurrection.(O) 27 Some Sadducees,[g] those who deny that there is a resurrection, came forward and put this question to him,(P) 28 [h]saying, “Teacher, Moses wrote for us, ‘If someone’s brother dies leaving a wife but no child, his brother must take the wife and raise up descendants for his brother.’(Q) 29 Now there were seven brothers; the first married a woman but died childless. 30 Then the second 31 and the third married her, and likewise all the seven died childless. 32 Finally the woman also died. 33 Now at the resurrection whose wife will that woman be? For all seven had been married to her.” 34 Jesus said to them, “The children of this age marry and are given in marriage; 35 but those who are deemed worthy to attain to the coming age and to the resurrection of the dead neither marry nor are given in marriage. 36 They can no longer die, for they are like angels; and they are the children of God because they are the ones who will rise.[i] 37 That the dead will rise even Moses made known in the passage about the bush, when he called ‘Lord’ the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob;(R) 38 and he is not God of the dead, but of the living, for to him all are alive.”(S) 39 Some of the scribes said in reply, “Teacher, you have answered well.” 40 And they no longer dared to ask him anything.(T)
The Question About David’s Son.[j] 41 (U)Then he said to them, “How do they claim that the Messiah is the Son of David? 42 For David himself in the Book of Psalms says:(V)
‘The Lord said to my lord,
“Sit at my right hand
43 till I make your enemies your footstool.”’
44 Now if David calls him ‘lord,’ how can he be his son?”
Denunciation of the Scribes.(W) 45 Then, within the hearing of all the people, he said to [his] disciples, 46 “Be on guard against the scribes, who like to go around in long robes and love greetings in marketplaces, seats of honor in synagogues, and places of honor at banquets.(X) 47 They devour the houses of widows and, as a pretext, recite lengthy prayers. They will receive a very severe condemnation.”
Footnotes
- 20:1–47 The Jerusalem religious leaders or their representatives, in an attempt to incriminate Jesus with the Romans and to discredit him with the people, pose a number of questions to him (about his authority, Lk 20:2; about payment of taxes, Lk 20:22; about the resurrection, Lk 20:28–33).
- 20:9–19 This parable about an absentee landlord and a tenant farmers’ revolt reflects the social and economic conditions of rural Palestine in the first century. The synoptic gospel writers use the parable to describe how the rejection of the landlord’s son becomes the occasion for the vineyard to be taken away from those to whom it was entrusted (the religious leadership of Judaism that rejects the teaching and preaching of Jesus; Lk 20:19).
- 20:15 They threw him out of the vineyard and killed him: cf. Mk 12:8. Luke has altered his Marcan source and reports that the murder of the son takes place outside the vineyard to reflect the tradition of Jesus’ death outside the walls of the city of Jerusalem (see Hb 13:12).
- 20:20 The governor: i.e., Pontius Pilate, the Roman administrator responsible for the collection of taxes and maintenance of order in Palestine.
- 20:22 Through their question the agents of the Jerusalem religious leadership hope to force Jesus to take sides on one of the sensitive political issues of first-century Palestine. The issue of nonpayment of taxes to Rome becomes one of the focal points of the First Jewish Revolt (A.D. 66–70) that resulted in the Roman destruction of Jerusalem and the temple. See also note on Mt 22:15–22.
- 20:24 Denarius: a Roman silver coin (see note on Lk 7:41).
- 20:27 Sadducees: see note on Mt 3:7.
- 20:28–33 The Sadducees’ question, based on the law of levirate marriage recorded in Dt 25:5–10, ridicules the idea of the resurrection. Jesus rejects their naive understanding of the resurrection (Lk 20:35–36) and then argues on behalf of the resurrection of the dead on the basis of the written law (Lk 20:37–38) that the Sadducees accept. See also notes on Mt 22:23–33.
- 20:36 Because they are the ones who will rise: literally, “being sons of the resurrection.”
- 20:41–44 After successfully answering the three questions of his opponents, Jesus now asks them a question. Their inability to respond implies that they have forfeited their position and authority as the religious leaders of the people because they do not understand the scriptures. This series of controversies between the religious leadership of Jerusalem and Jesus reveals Jesus as the authoritative teacher whose words are to be listened to (see Lk 9:35). See also notes on Mt 22:41–46.
Chinese New Version (CNV). Copyright © 1976, 1992, 1999, 2001, 2005 by Worldwide Bible Society.
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