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質問耶穌憑甚麼權柄作事(A)

20 有一天,耶穌在殿裡教導人,宣講福音,眾祭司長、經學家和長老上前來, 對他說:“告訴我們,你憑著甚麼權柄作這些事?給你這權柄的是誰?” 他回答他們:“我也要問你們一句話,你們告訴我: 約翰的洗禮是從天上來的,還是從人來的呢?” 他們就彼此議論說:“如果我們說:‘是從天上來的’,他就會問:‘那你們為甚麼不相信他呢?’ 如果我們說:‘是從人來的’,眾人都會用石頭打我們,因為他們都認定約翰是先知。” 於是他們回答耶穌:“我們不知道是從哪裡來的。” 耶穌說:“我也不告訴你們,我憑著甚麼權柄作這些事。”

佃戶的比喻(B)

於是耶穌向眾人講了這個比喻:“有一個人栽種了一個葡萄園,租給佃戶,就遠行去了很久。 10 到了時候,園主派了一個僕人到佃戶那裡,叫他們把葡萄園當納的果子交給他。佃戶卻打了他,放他空手回去。 11 園主又派另一個僕人去,佃戶又打了他,並且侮辱他,也叫他空手回去。 12 於是他又派第三個去,佃戶把他打傷,趕他走了。 13 葡萄園的主人說:‘怎麼辦呢?我要派我的愛子去,也許這一個他們會尊敬的。’ 14 佃戶一看他,就彼此商議說:‘這是繼承產業的,讓我們殺了他,那麼,產業就成為我們的了。’ 15 於是他們把園主的愛子推出葡萄園外殺了。主人要怎樣對待他們呢? 16 他要來除掉這些佃戶,把葡萄園租給別人。”他們聽見了就說:“千萬不要有這樣的事發生!” 17 耶穌看著他們,說:“那麼,

‘建築工人所棄的石頭,

成了房角的主要石頭’,

這經文是甚麼意思呢? 18 凡是跌在那石頭上的,就必摔碎;那石頭掉在誰的身上,就必把他壓得粉碎。” 19 經學家和祭司長知道這比喻是針對他們說的,當時就想動手拿他,可是又害怕群眾。

以納稅的事問難耶穌(C)

20 經學家和祭司長差派奸細偽裝好人去窺探耶穌,要在他的話上抓著把柄,好把他交由總督全權裁決。 21 奸細問他:“老師,我們知道你所說所教的都對,並且不講情面,只照著真理把 神的道教導人。 22 我們納稅給凱撒可以不可以?” 23 耶穌看透他們的詭計,就對他們說: 24 “給我一個銀幣看看,上面是誰的像,誰的名號?”他們說:“凱撒的。” 25 耶穌說:“這樣,凱撒的應當歸給凱撒, 神的應當歸給 神。” 26 他們在群眾面前,不能抓住耶穌的把柄,又希奇他的回答,就沉默下來。

人復活後不娶不嫁(D)

27 撒都該人向來否認有復活的事,他們當中有幾個人來問耶穌: 28 “老師,摩西曾寫給我們說:‘如果一個人娶了妻子,還沒有兒女就死了,他的弟弟就應當娶他的妻子,為哥哥立後。’ 29 從前有兄弟七人,頭一個娶了妻子,沒有孩子就死了。 30 第二個、 31 第三個,也娶過她;七個都是這樣,都沒有留下孩子就死了。 32 後來那女人也死了。 33 那麼,這女人在復活的時候,要作哪一個的妻子呢?因為七個人都娶過她。” 34 耶穌說:“這世界的人又娶又嫁, 35 但配得那世界的,又配從死人中復活的人,也不娶也不嫁。 36 他們和天使一樣,不能再死;既然是復活了的人,就是 神的兒子了。 37 至於死人復活的事,摩西在荊棘篇上提過,他稱主是亞伯拉罕的 神、以撒的 神、雅各的 神; 38  神不是死人的 神,而是活人的 神,因為在他那裡的人都是活的。” 39 經學家中有幾個說:“老師,你說得好。” 40 從此他們再不敢問他甚麼了。

大衛稱基督為主(E)

41 耶穌問他們:“人怎麼能說基督是大衛的子孫呢? 42 大衛自己在詩篇上說:

‘主對我的主說:

你坐在我的右邊,

43 等我使你的仇敵作你的腳凳。’

44 大衛既然稱他為主,他又怎會是大衛的子孫呢?”

提防經學家(F)

45 眾人聽著的時候,耶穌對門徒說: 46 “你們要提防經學家,他們好穿長袍走來走去,喜歡人在巿中心向他們問安,並且喜歡會堂裡的高位、筵席上的首座。 47 他們吞沒了寡婦的房產,又用冗長的禱告作掩飾。這等人必受更重的刑罰。”

20 有 一 天 , 耶 穌 在 殿 裡 教 訓 百 姓 , 講 福 音 的 時 候 , 祭 司 長 和 文 士 並 長 老 上 前 來 ,

問 他 說 : 你 告 訴 我 們 , 你 仗 著 甚 麼 權 柄 做 這 些 事 ? 給 你 這 權 柄 的 是 誰 呢 ?

耶 穌 回 答 說 : 我 也 要 問 你 們 一 句 話 , 你 們 且 告 訴 我 。

約 翰 的 洗 禮 是 從 天 上 來 的 ? 是 從 人 間 來 的 呢 ?

他 們 彼 此 商 議 說 : 我 們 若 說 從 天 上 來 , 他 必 說 : 你 們 為 甚 麼 不 信 他 呢 ?

若 說 從 人 間 來 , 百 姓 都 要 用 石 頭 打 死 我 們 , 因 為 他 們 信 約 翰 是 先 知 。

於 是 回 答 說 : 不 知 道 是 從 那 裡 來 的 。

耶 穌 說 : 我 也 不 告 訴 你 們 , 我 仗 著 甚 麼 權 柄 做 這 些 事 。

耶 穌 就 設 比 喻 對 百 姓 說 : 有 人 栽 了 一 個 葡 萄 園 , 租 給 園 戶 , 就 往 外 國 去 住 了 許 久 。

10 到 了 時 候 , 打 發 一 個 僕 人 到 園 戶 那 裡 去 , 叫 他 們 把 園 中 當 納 的 果 子 交 給 他 ; 園 戶 竟 打 了 他 , 叫 他 空 手 回 去 。

11 又 打 發 一 個 僕 人 去 , 他 們 也 打 了 他 , 並 且 凌 辱 他 , 叫 他 空 手 回 去 。

12 又 打 發 第 三 個 僕 人 去 , 他 們 也 打 傷 了 他 , 把 他 推 出 去 了 。

13 園 主 說 : 我 怎 麼 辦 呢 ? 我 要 打 發 我 的 愛 子 去 , 或 者 他 們 尊 敬 他 。

14 不 料 , 園 戶 看 見 他 , 就 彼 此 商 量 說 : 這 是 承 受 產 業 的 , 我 們 殺 他 罷 , 使 產 業 歸 於 我 們 !

15 於 是 把 他 推 出 葡 萄 園 外 , 殺 了 。 這 樣 , 葡 萄 園 的 主 人 要 怎 樣 處 治 他 們 呢 ?

16 他 要 來 除 滅 這 些 園 戶 , 將 葡 萄 園 轉 給 別 人 。 聽 見 的 人 說 : 這 是 萬 不 可 的 !

17 耶 穌 看 著 他 們 說 : 經 上 記 著 : 匠 人 所 棄 的 石 頭 已 作 了 房 角 的 頭 塊 石 頭 。 這 是 甚 麼 意 思 呢 ?

18 凡 掉 在 那 石 頭 上 的 , 必 要 跌 碎 ; 那 石 頭 掉 在 誰 的 身 上 , 就 要 把 誰 砸 得 稀 爛 。

19 文 士 和 祭 司 長 看 出 這 比 喻 是 指 著 他 們 說 的 , 當 時 就 想 要 下 手 拿 他 , 只 是 懼 怕 百 姓 。

20 於 是 窺 探 耶 穌 , 打 發 奸 細 裝 作 好 人 , 要 在 他 的 話 上 得 把 柄 , 好 將 他 交 在 巡 撫 的 政 權 之 下 。

21 奸 細 就 問 耶 穌 說 : 夫 子 , 我 們 曉 得 你 所 講 所 傳 都 是 正 道 , 也 不 取 人 的 外 貌 , 乃 是 誠 誠 實 實 傳 神 的 道 。

22 我 們 納 稅 給 該 撒 , 可 以 不 可 以 ?

23 耶 穌 看 出 他 們 的 詭 詐 , 就 對 他 們 說 :

24 拿 一 個 銀 錢 來 給 我 看 。 這 像 和 這 號 是 誰 的 ? 他 們 說 : 是 該 撒 的 。

25 耶 穌 說 : 這 樣 , 該 撒 的 物 當 歸 給 該 撒 , 神 的 物 當 歸 給 神 。

26 他 們 當 著 百 姓 , 在 這 話 上 得 不 著 把 柄 , 又 希 奇 他 的 應 對 , 就 閉 口 無 言 了 。

27 撒 都 該 人 常 說 沒 有 復 活 的 事 。 有 幾 個 來 問 耶 穌 說 :

28 夫 子 ! 摩 西 為 我 們 寫 著 說 : 人 若 有 妻 無 子 就 死 了 , 他 兄 弟 當 娶 他 的 妻 , 為 哥 哥 生 子 立 後 。

29 有 弟 兄 七 人 , 第 一 個 娶 了 妻 , 沒 有 孩 子 死 了 ;

30 第 二 個 、 第 三 個 也 娶 過 他 ;

31 那 七 個 人 都 娶 過 他 , 沒 有 留 下 孩 子 就 死 了 。

32 後 來 婦 人 也 死 了 。

33 這 樣 , 當 復 活 的 時 候 , 他 是 那 一 個 的 妻 子 呢 ? 因 為 他 們 七 個 人 都 娶 過 他 。

34 耶 穌 說 : 這 世 界 的 人 有 娶 有 嫁 ;

35 惟 有 算 為 配 得 那 世 界 , 與 從 死 裡 復 活 的 人 也 不 娶 也 不 嫁 ;

36 因 為 他 們 不 能 再 死 , 和 天 使 一 樣 ; 既 是 復 活 的 人 , 就 為 神 的 兒 子 。

37 至 於 死 人 復 活 , 摩 西 在 荊 棘 篇 上 , 稱 主 是 亞 伯 拉 罕 的 神 , 以 撒 的 神 , 雅 各 的 神 , 就 指 示 明 白 了 。

38 神 原 不 是 死 人 的 神 , 乃 是 活 人 的 神 ; 因 為 在 他 那 裡 ( 那 裡 : 或 作 看 來 ) , 人 都 是 活 的 。

39 有 幾 個 文 士 說 : 夫 子 ! 你 說 得 好 。

40 以 後 他 們 不 敢 再 問 他 甚 麼 。

41 耶 穌 對 他 們 說 : 人 怎 麼 說 基 督 是 大 衛 的 子 孫 呢 ?

42 詩 篇 上 大 衛 自 己 說 : 主 對 我 主 說 : 你 坐 在 我 的 右 邊 ,

43 等 我 使 你 仇 敵 作 你 的 腳 凳 。

44 大 衛 既 稱 他 為 主 , 他 怎 麼 又 是 大 衛 的 子 孫 呢 ?

45 眾 百 姓 聽 的 時 候 , 耶 穌 對 門 徒 說 :

46 你 們 要 防 備 文 士 。 他 們 好 穿 長 衣 遊 行 , 喜 愛 人 在 街 市 上 問 他 們 安 , 又 喜 愛 會 堂 裡 的 高 位 , 筵 席 上 的 首 座 ;

47 他 們 侵 吞 寡 婦 的 家 產 , 假 意 作 很 長 的 禱 告 。 這 些 人 要 受 更 重 的 刑 罰 !

The Authority of Jesus Questioned(A)

20 One day as Jesus was teaching the people in the temple courts(B) and proclaiming the good news,(C) the chief priests and the teachers of the law, together with the elders, came up to him. “Tell us by what authority you are doing these things,” they said. “Who gave you this authority?”(D)

He replied, “I will also ask you a question. Tell me: John’s baptism(E)—was it from heaven, or of human origin?”

They discussed it among themselves and said, “If we say, ‘From heaven,’ he will ask, ‘Why didn’t you believe him?’ But if we say, ‘Of human origin,’ all the people(F) will stone us, because they are persuaded that John was a prophet.”(G)

So they answered, “We don’t know where it was from.”

Jesus said, “Neither will I tell you by what authority I am doing these things.”

The Parable of the Tenants(H)

He went on to tell the people this parable: “A man planted a vineyard,(I) rented it to some farmers and went away for a long time.(J) 10 At harvest time he sent a servant to the tenants so they would give him some of the fruit of the vineyard. But the tenants beat him and sent him away empty-handed. 11 He sent another servant, but that one also they beat and treated shamefully and sent away empty-handed. 12 He sent still a third, and they wounded him and threw him out.

13 “Then the owner of the vineyard said, ‘What shall I do? I will send my son, whom I love;(K) perhaps they will respect him.’

14 “But when the tenants saw him, they talked the matter over. ‘This is the heir,’ they said. ‘Let’s kill him, and the inheritance will be ours.’ 15 So they threw him out of the vineyard and killed him.

“What then will the owner of the vineyard do to them? 16 He will come and kill those tenants(L) and give the vineyard to others.”

When the people heard this, they said, “God forbid!”

17 Jesus looked directly at them and asked, “Then what is the meaning of that which is written:

“‘The stone the builders rejected
    has become the cornerstone’[a]?(M)

18 Everyone who falls on that stone will be broken to pieces; anyone on whom it falls will be crushed.”(N)

19 The teachers of the law and the chief priests looked for a way to arrest him(O) immediately, because they knew he had spoken this parable against them. But they were afraid of the people.(P)

Paying Taxes to Caesar(Q)

20 Keeping a close watch on him, they sent spies, who pretended to be sincere. They hoped to catch Jesus in something he said,(R) so that they might hand him over to the power and authority of the governor.(S) 21 So the spies questioned him: “Teacher, we know that you speak and teach what is right, and that you do not show partiality but teach the way of God in accordance with the truth.(T) 22 Is it right for us to pay taxes to Caesar or not?”

23 He saw through their duplicity and said to them, 24 “Show me a denarius. Whose image and inscription are on it?”

“Caesar’s,” they replied.

25 He said to them, “Then give back to Caesar what is Caesar’s,(U) and to God what is God’s.”

26 They were unable to trap him in what he had said there in public. And astonished by his answer, they became silent.

The Resurrection and Marriage(V)

27 Some of the Sadducees,(W) who say there is no resurrection,(X) came to Jesus with a question. 28 “Teacher,” they said, “Moses wrote for us that if a man’s brother dies and leaves a wife but no children, the man must marry the widow and raise up offspring for his brother.(Y) 29 Now there were seven brothers. The first one married a woman and died childless. 30 The second 31 and then the third married her, and in the same way the seven died, leaving no children. 32 Finally, the woman died too. 33 Now then, at the resurrection whose wife will she be, since the seven were married to her?”

34 Jesus replied, “The people of this age marry and are given in marriage. 35 But those who are considered worthy of taking part in the age to come(Z) and in the resurrection from the dead will neither marry nor be given in marriage, 36 and they can no longer die; for they are like the angels. They are God’s children,(AA) since they are children of the resurrection. 37 But in the account of the burning bush, even Moses showed that the dead rise, for he calls the Lord ‘the God of Abraham, and the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob.’[b](AB) 38 He is not the God of the dead, but of the living, for to him all are alive.”

39 Some of the teachers of the law responded, “Well said, teacher!” 40 And no one dared to ask him any more questions.(AC)

Whose Son Is the Messiah?(AD)

41 Then Jesus said to them, “Why is it said that the Messiah is the son of David?(AE) 42 David himself declares in the Book of Psalms:

“‘The Lord said to my Lord:
    “Sit at my right hand
43 until I make your enemies
    a footstool for your feet.”’[c](AF)

44 David calls him ‘Lord.’ How then can he be his son?”

Warning Against the Teachers of the Law

45 While all the people were listening, Jesus said to his disciples, 46 “Beware of the teachers of the law. They like to walk around in flowing robes and love to be greeted with respect in the marketplaces and have the most important seats in the synagogues and the places of honor at banquets.(AG) 47 They devour widows’ houses and for a show make lengthy prayers. These men will be punished most severely.”

Footnotes

  1. Luke 20:17 Psalm 118:22
  2. Luke 20:37 Exodus 3:6
  3. Luke 20:43 Psalm 110:1

Jesus’ Authority Questioned(A)

20 Now (B)it happened on one of those days, as He taught the people in the temple and preached the gospel, that the chief priests and the scribes, together with the elders, confronted Him and spoke to Him, saying, “Tell us, (C)by what authority are You doing these things? Or who is he who gave You this authority?”

But He answered and said to them, “I also will ask you one thing, and answer Me: The (D)baptism of John—was it from heaven or from men?”

And they reasoned among themselves, saying, “If we say, ‘From heaven,’ He will say, ‘Why [a]then did you not believe him?’ But if we say, ‘From men,’ all the people will stone us, (E)for they are persuaded that John was a prophet.” So they answered that they did not know where it was from.

And Jesus said to them, “Neither will I tell you by what authority I do these things.”

The Parable of the Wicked Vinedressers(F)

Then He began to tell the people this parable: (G)“A certain man planted a vineyard, leased it to [b]vinedressers, and went into a far country for a long time. 10 Now at [c]vintage-time he (H)sent a servant to the vinedressers, that they might give him some of the fruit of the vineyard. But the vinedressers beat him and sent him away empty-handed. 11 Again he sent another servant; and they beat him also, treated him shamefully, and sent him away empty-handed. 12 And again he sent a third; and they wounded him also and cast him out.

13 “Then the owner of the vineyard said, ‘What shall I do? I will send my beloved son. Probably they will respect him when they see him.’ 14 But when the vinedressers saw him, they reasoned among themselves, saying, ‘This is the (I)heir. Come, (J)let us kill him, that the inheritance may be (K)ours.’ 15 So they cast him out of the vineyard and (L)killed him. Therefore what will the owner of the vineyard do to them? 16 He will come and destroy those vinedressers and give the vineyard to (M)others.”

And when they heard it they said, “Certainly not!”

17 Then He looked at them and said, “What then is this that is written:

(N)‘The stone which the builders rejected
Has become the chief cornerstone’?

18 Whoever falls on that stone will be (O)broken; but (P)on whomever it falls, it will grind him to powder.”

19 And the chief priests and the scribes that very hour sought to lay hands on Him, but they [d]feared the people—for they knew He had spoken this parable against them.

The Pharisees: Is It Lawful to Pay Taxes to Caesar?(Q)

20 (R)So they watched Him, and sent spies who pretended to be righteous, that they might seize on His words, in order to deliver Him to the power and the authority of the governor.

21 Then they asked Him, saying, (S)“Teacher, we know that You say and teach rightly, and You do not show personal favoritism, but teach the way of God in truth: 22 Is it lawful for us to pay taxes to Caesar or not?”

23 But He perceived their craftiness, and said to them, [e]“Why do you test Me? 24 Show Me a denarius. Whose image and inscription does it have?”

They answered and said, “Caesar’s.”

25 And He said to them, (T)“Render[f] therefore to Caesar the things that are Caesar’s, and to God the things that are God’s.”

26 But they could not catch Him in His words in the presence of the people. And they marveled at His answer and kept silent.

The Sadducees: What About the Resurrection?(U)

27 (V)Then some of the Sadducees, (W)who deny that there is a resurrection, came to Him and asked Him, 28 saying: “Teacher, Moses wrote to us that if a man’s brother dies, having a wife, and he dies without children, his brother should take his wife and raise up offspring for his brother. 29 Now there were seven brothers. And the first took a wife, and died without children. 30 And the second [g]took her as wife, and he died childless. 31 Then the third took her, and in like manner the seven [h]also; and they left no children, and died. 32 Last of all the woman died also. 33 Therefore, in the resurrection, whose wife does she become? For all seven had her as wife.”

34 Jesus answered and said to them, “The sons of this age marry and are given in marriage. 35 But those who are (X)counted worthy to attain that age, and the resurrection from the dead, neither marry nor are given in marriage; 36 nor can they die anymore, for (Y)they are equal to the angels and are sons of God, (Z)being sons of the resurrection. 37 But even Moses showed in the burning bush passage that the dead are raised, when he called the Lord (AA)‘the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob.’ 38 For He is not the God of the dead but of the living, for (AB)all live to Him.”

39 Then some of the scribes answered and said, “Teacher, You have spoken well.” 40 But after that they dared not question Him anymore.

Jesus: How Can David Call His Descendant Lord?(AC)

41 And He said to them, (AD)“How can they say that the Christ is the Son of David? 42 Now David himself said in the Book of Psalms:

(AE)‘The Lord said to my Lord,
“Sit at My right hand,
43 Till I make Your enemies Your footstool.” ’

44 Therefore David calls Him ‘Lord’; (AF)how is He then his Son?”

Beware of the Scribes(AG)

45 (AH)Then, in the hearing of all the people, He said to His disciples, 46 (AI)“Beware of the scribes, who desire to go around in long robes, (AJ)love greetings in the marketplaces, the best seats in the synagogues, and the best places at feasts, 47 (AK)who devour widows’ houses, and for a (AL)pretense make long prayers. These will receive greater condemnation.”

Footnotes

  1. Luke 20:5 NU, M omit then
  2. Luke 20:9 tenant farmers
  3. Luke 20:10 Lit. the season
  4. Luke 20:19 M were afraid—for
  5. Luke 20:23 NU omits Why do you test Me?
  6. Luke 20:25 Pay
  7. Luke 20:30 NU omits the rest of v. 30.
  8. Luke 20:31 NU, M also left no children