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拉撒路死了

11 有一個患病的人,名叫拉撒路,住在伯大尼,就是馬利亞和她姊姊馬大的村莊。 這馬利亞就是後來用香膏抹主,並且用頭髮把主的腳擦乾的那人;患病的拉撒路是她的兄弟。 姊妹二人派人到耶穌那裡去,說:“主啊,你所愛的人病了。” 耶穌聽見,就說:“這病不至於死,而是為了 神的榮耀,使 神的兒子因此得到榮耀。” 耶穌向來愛馬大和她的妹妹馬利亞,以及拉撒路。 他聽說拉撒路病了,仍然在原來的地方住了兩天, 然後對門徒說:“我們再到猶太去吧。” 門徒對他說:“拉比,近來猶太人要拿石頭打你,你還到那裡去嗎?” 耶穌說:“白晝不是有十二小時嗎?人若在白晝行走,就不會跌倒,因為他看見這世上的光; 10 人若在夜間行走,就會跌倒,因為他沒有光。” 11 耶穌說完了這些話,跟著又對他們說:“我們的朋友拉撒路睡了,我要去喚醒他。” 12 門徒說:“主啊,如果他睡了,就會好過來的。” 13 其實耶穌是指著拉撒路的死說的,門徒卻以為他是指正常的睡眠說的。 14 於是,耶穌公開地告訴他們:“拉撒路死了。 15 我為你們歡喜,因為我不在那裡,是要使你們相信。現在我們到他那裡去吧。” 16 那稱為“雙生子”(“雙生子”原文作“低土馬”)的多馬,對其他的門徒說:“我們也去跟他一同死吧!”

耶穌是復活是生命

17 耶穌到了,知道拉撒路在墳墓裡已經四天了。 18 伯大尼靠近耶路撒冷,相距約有三公里。 19 有許多猶太人來到馬大和馬利亞那裡,為了拉撒路的死來安慰她們。 20 馬大聽見耶穌來了,就去迎接他,馬利亞卻仍然坐在家裡。 21 馬大對耶穌說:“主啊,如果你早在這裡,我的兄弟就不會死了! 22 就是現在,我也知道無論你向 神求甚麼, 神必賜給你。” 23 耶穌對她說:“你的兄弟必會復活。” 24 馬大說:“我知道在末日復活的時候,他必會復活。” 25 耶穌說:“我就是復活和生命;信我的人,雖然死了,也要活著。 26 所有活著又信我的人,必定永遠不死,你信這話嗎?” 27 她說:“主啊,我信;我已經信了,你是基督,是 神的兒子,是那要到世上來的。”

耶穌使拉撒路復活

28 馬大說了這些話,就回去叫她妹妹馬利亞,暗暗地說:“老師來了,他叫你。” 29 馬利亞一聽見,就急忙起來,到耶穌那裡去。 30 那時,耶穌還沒有進入村子,仍然在馬大迎接他的地方。 31 那些在房子裡和馬利亞在一起安慰她的猶太人,見她匆忙地起來出去,就跟著她,以為她要到墳墓那裡去哭。 32 馬利亞來到耶穌那裡,一看見他,就俯伏在他腳前,說:“主啊,如果你早在這裡,我的兄弟就不會死了!” 33 耶穌看見她在哭,和她一同來的猶太人也在哭,就心裡激動,難過起來, 34 說:“你們把他安放在哪裡?”他們說:“主啊,請來看。” 35 耶穌哭了。 36 於是猶太人說:“你看,他多麼愛這個人!” 37 他們中間有人說:“他既然開了瞎子的眼睛,難道不能使這個人不死嗎?”

38 耶穌又再心裡激動,來到墳墓前面。那墳墓是一個洞穴,洞口有塊石頭堵住。 39 耶穌說:“把這塊石頭挪開!”死者的姊姊馬大對他說:“主啊,已經四天了,他必定臭了。” 40 耶穌說:“我不是對你說過‘如果你信,就必定看見 神的榮耀’嗎?” 41 於是他們把石頭挪開。耶穌舉目向天,說:“父啊,我感謝你,因為你垂聽了我, 42 我知道你常常聽我,但我說這話,是為了周圍站著的群眾,叫他們信是你差了我來。” 43 說了這話,就大聲呼喊:“拉撒路,出來!” 44 那死了的人就出來,他的手腳都纏著布,臉上裹著巾。耶穌說:“解開他,讓他走!”

祭司長等想殺害耶穌

45 有許多到馬利亞那裡去的猶太人,看見了耶穌所作的事,就信了他。 46 但他們中間有些人到法利賽人那裡去,把耶穌所作的事都告訴他們。 47 於是祭司長和法利賽人召開公議會,說:“這個人行了許多神蹟,我們怎麼辦呢? 48 我們若讓他這樣,所有的人都會信他,羅馬人就會來,奪取我們的聖地,除滅我們的民族。” 49 他們當中有一位該亞法,是那年作大祭司的,對他們說:“你們甚麼都不知道, 50 也不去想想,一個人代替人民死,免得整個民族滅亡,這對你們是有益的。” 51 他說這話不是由於自己,而是因為他是那年的大祭司,所以預言耶穌要替猶太民族死; 52 不但替猶太民族死,也要把散居各地的 神的兒女招聚成為一體。 53 從那天起,他們就想殺害耶穌。

54 因此,耶穌不再在猶太人中間公開活動,卻離開那裡,到曠野附近的地方去;到了一座名叫以法蓮的城,就和門徒住在那裡。

55 猶太人的逾越節快到了,有許多人在過節前從各鄉上耶路撒冷去,要在那裡潔淨自己。 56 他們到處尋找耶穌,站在聖殿裡的時候,彼此說:“你們認為怎樣?他不會來過節吧?” 57 祭司長和法利賽人早已下了命令:如果有人知道耶穌在哪裡,就要前來報告,好去逮捕他。

Chapter 11

The Raising of Lazarus.[a] Now a man was ill, Lazarus from Bethany,(A) the village of Mary and her sister Martha. Mary was the one who had anointed the Lord with perfumed oil and dried his feet with her hair; it was her brother Lazarus who was ill. So the sisters sent word to him, saying, “Master, the one you love is ill.” When Jesus heard this he said, “This illness is not to end in death,[b] but is for the glory of God, that the Son of God may be glorified through it.”(B) Now Jesus loved Martha and her sister and Lazarus. So when he heard that he was ill, he remained for two days in the place where he was. Then after this he said to his disciples, “Let us go back to Judea.” The disciples said to him, “Rabbi, the Jews were just trying to stone you, and you want to go back there?”(C) Jesus answered, “Are there not twelve hours in a day? If one walks during the day,(D) he does not stumble, because he sees the light of this world.(E) 10 But if one walks at night, he stumbles, because the light is not in him.”[c] 11 He said this, and then told them, “Our friend Lazarus is asleep, but I am going to awaken him.” 12 So the disciples said to him, “Master, if he is asleep, he will be saved.” 13 But Jesus was talking about his death, while they thought that he meant ordinary sleep.(F) 14 So then Jesus said to them clearly, “Lazarus has died. 15 And I am glad for you that I was not there, that you may believe. Let us go to him.” 16 So Thomas, called Didymus,[d] said to his fellow disciples, “Let us also go to die with him.”(G)

17 When Jesus arrived, he found that Lazarus had already been in the tomb for four days. 18 Now Bethany was near Jerusalem, only about two miles[e] away. 19 And many of the Jews had come to Martha and Mary to comfort them about their brother.(H) 20 When Martha heard that Jesus was coming, she went to meet him; but Mary sat at home. 21 Martha said to Jesus, “Lord, if you had been here, my brother would not have died.(I) 22 [But] even now I know that whatever you ask of God, God will give you.” 23 Jesus said to her, “Your brother will rise.” 24 Martha said to him, “I know he will rise, in the resurrection on the last day.”(J) 25 Jesus told her, “I am the resurrection and the life; whoever believes in me, even if he dies, will live,(K) 26 and everyone who lives and believes in me will never die. Do you believe this?” 27 [f](L)She said to him, “Yes, Lord. I have come to believe that you are the Messiah, the Son of God, the one who is coming into the world.”

28 When she had said this, she went and called her sister Mary secretly, saying, “The teacher is here and is asking for you.” 29 As soon as she heard this, she rose quickly and went to him. 30 For Jesus had not yet come into the village, but was still where Martha had met him. 31 So when the Jews who were with her in the house comforting her saw Mary get up quickly and go out, they followed her, presuming that she was going to the tomb to weep there. 32 When Mary came to where Jesus was and saw him, she fell at his feet and said to him, “Lord, if you had been here, my brother would not have died.” 33 When Jesus saw her weeping and the Jews who had come with her weeping, he became perturbed[g] and deeply troubled, 34 and said, “Where have you laid him?” They said to him, “Sir, come and see.” 35 And Jesus wept.(M) 36 So the Jews said, “See how he loved him.” 37 But some of them said, “Could not the one who opened the eyes of the blind man have done something so that this man would not have died?”

38 So Jesus, perturbed again, came to the tomb. It was a cave, and a stone lay across it. 39 Jesus said, “Take away the stone.” Martha, the dead man’s sister, said to him, “Lord, by now there will be a stench; he has been dead for four days.” 40 Jesus said to her, “Did I not tell you that if you believe you will see the glory of God?” 41 So they took away the stone. And Jesus raised his eyes and said, “Father,[h] I thank you for hearing me. 42 I know that you always hear me; but because of the crowd here I have said this, that they may believe that you sent me.”(N) 43 And when he had said this, he cried out in a loud voice,[i] “Lazarus, come out!” 44 The dead man came out, tied hand and foot with burial bands, and his face was wrapped in a cloth. So Jesus said to them, “Untie him and let him go.”

Session of the Sanhedrin. 45 Now many of the Jews who had come to Mary and seen what he had done began to believe in him.(O) 46 But some of them went to the Pharisees and told them what Jesus had done. 47 So the chief priests and the Pharisees convened the Sanhedrin and said, “What are we going to do? This man is performing many signs.(P) 48 If we leave him alone, all will believe in him, and the Romans will come[j] and take away both our land and our nation.” 49 (Q)But one of them, Caiaphas, who was high priest that year,[k] said to them, “You know nothing, 50 nor do you consider that it is better for you that one man should die instead of the people, so that the whole nation may not perish.” 51 He did not say this on his own, but since he was high priest for that year, he prophesied that Jesus was going to die for the nation, 52 and not only for the nation, but also to gather into one the dispersed children of God.[l] 53 So from that day on they planned to kill him.(R)

54 So Jesus no longer walked about in public among the Jews, but he left for the region near the desert, to a town called Ephraim,[m] and there he remained with his disciples.

The Last Passover. 55 Now the Passover of the Jews was near, and many went up from the country to Jerusalem before Passover to purify[n] themselves.(S) 56 They looked for Jesus and said to one another as they were in the temple area, “What do you think? That he will not come to the feast?” 57 For the chief priests and the Pharisees had given orders that if anyone knew where he was, he should inform them, so that they might arrest him.

Footnotes

  1. 11:1–44 The raising of Lazarus, the longest continuous narrative in John outside of the passion account, is the climax of the signs. It leads directly to the decision of the Sanhedrin to kill Jesus. The theme of life predominates. Lazarus is a token of the real life that Jesus dead and raised will give to all who believe in him. Johannine irony is found in the fact that Jesus’ gift of life leads to his own death. The story is not found in the synoptics, but cf. Mk 5:21 and parallels; Lk 7:11–17. There are also parallels between this story and Luke’s parable of the rich man and poor Lazarus (Lk 16:19–31). In both a man named Lazarus dies; in Luke, there is a request that he return to convince his contemporaries of the need for faith and repentance, while in John, Lazarus does return and some believe but others do not.
  2. 11:4 Not to end in death: this is misunderstood by the disciples as referring to physical death, but it is meant as spiritual death.
  3. 11:10 The light is not in him: the ancients apparently did not grasp clearly the entry of light through the eye; they seem to have thought of it as being in the eye; cf. Lk 11:34; Mt 6:23.
  4. 11:16 Called Didymus: Didymus is the Greek word for twin. Thomas is derived from the Aramaic word for twin; in an ancient Syriac version and in the Gospel of Thomas (80:11–12) his given name, Judas, is supplied.
  5. 11:18 About two miles: literally, “about fifteen stades”; a stade was 607 feet.
  6. 11:27 The titles here are a summary of titles given to Jesus earlier in the gospel.
  7. 11:33 Became perturbed: a startling phrase in Greek, literally, “He snorted in spirit,” perhaps in anger at the presence of evil (death).
  8. 11:41 Father: in Aramaic, ’abbā’. See note on Mk 14:36.
  9. 11:43 Cried out in a loud voice: a dramatization of Jn 5:28; “the hour is coming when all who are in the tombs will hear his voice.”
  10. 11:48 The Romans will come: Johannine irony; this is precisely what happened after Jesus’ death.
  11. 11:49 That year: emphasizes the conjunction of the office and the year. Actually, Caiaphas was high priest A.D. 18–36. The Jews attributed a gift of prophecy, sometimes unconscious, to the high priest.
  12. 11:52 Dispersed children of God: perhaps the “other sheep” of Jn 10:16.
  13. 11:54 Ephraim is usually located about twelve miles northeast of Jerusalem, where the mountains descend into the Jordan valley.
  14. 11:55 Purify: prescriptions for purity were based on Ex 19:10–11, 15; Nm 9:6–14; 2 Chr 30:1–3, 15–18.