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不得進耶和華的會的人

23 “睾丸受傷的,或生殖器被割除的,不可進耶和華的會。(本節在《馬索拉文本》為23:2) 私生子不可進耶和華的會;他的後代直到第十代,也不可進耶和華的會。 亞捫人或摩押人不可進耶和華的會;他們的後代直到第十代,也永遠不可進耶和華的會。 因為你們出埃及的時候,他們沒有拿食物和水在路上迎接你們,又因為他們從兩河之間的亞蘭的毘奪雇了比珥的兒子巴蘭,來攻擊你,咒詛你。 但耶和華你的 神不願聽從巴蘭;耶和華你的 神使咒詛的話變為你的祝福,因為耶和華你的 神愛你。 你一生一世永不可尋求他們的平安和他們的福樂。

“你不可厭惡以東人,因為他是你的兄弟;不可厭惡埃及人,因為你在他的地上作過寄居的。 他們所生的子孫到了第三代,就可以進耶和華的會。

“你出兵安營攻打仇敵的時候,要謹守自己,遠避一切惡事。

保持軍營潔淨的條例

10 “如果你們中間有人因為夜間偶然夢遺而不潔淨,就要出到營外去,不可進入營中。 11 到了黃昏的時候,他要用水洗澡;日落了,他才可以進入營中。 12 你在營外要有廁所,你可以出到那裡去便溺。 13 在你的器械中,要有一把鍬;你在外面便溺以後,可以用來鏟土,轉身把糞便掩蓋。 14 因為耶和華你的 神常在你的營中行走,要拯救你,要把你的仇敵交在你的面前;所以你的營要聖潔,免得他看見你那裡有污穢的東西,就離開你。

其他各種條例

15 “如果一個奴僕離開了他的主人,逃到你那裡來,你不可把他送交他的主人。 16 他要在你中間和你同住,住在他自己選擇的地方,住在他喜歡的城市,你不可欺負他。

17 “以色列的女子中不可有廟妓,以色列的男子中不可有男廟妓。 18 妓女所得的酬金,或男妓所得的代價,你不可帶入耶和華你的 神的殿裡還任何的願,因為這兩樣都是耶和華你的 神厭惡的。 19 你借給你兄弟的銀錢、食物,或是任何可以生利的東西,都不可取利。 20 借給外族人,你倒可以取利;只是借給你的兄弟,你就不可取利;好使耶和華你的 神,在你要去得為業的地上,和你手裡所辦的一切事上,賜福給你。

21 “如果你向耶和華你的 神許了願,就不可遲延還願,因為耶和華你的 神必向你追討,那時你就有罪了。 22 如果你不許願,你倒沒有罪。 23 你嘴裡說出來的,你要謹守;你親口應許的甘心祭,就是你向耶和華你的 神許的願,你要實行。

24 “你進了你鄰舍的葡萄園,你可以隨意吃飽葡萄,只是不可裝在你的器皿裡。 25 你進了你鄰舍的麥田,你可以用手摘麥穗,只是不可在你鄰舍的麥田裡揮動鐮刀。”

會眾的資格

23 「凡睪丸受損或被閹割的,不可加入耶和華的會眾。

「私生子及其十代以內的子孫都不可加入耶和華的會眾。

「亞捫人或摩押人及其十代以內的子孫都不可加入耶和華的會眾。 因為在你們離開埃及的途中,他們沒有用水和食物款待你們,還雇用美索不達米亞的毗奪人——比珥的兒子巴蘭咒詛你們。 但你們的上帝耶和華不聽巴蘭的話,反而把咒詛變為祝福,因為祂愛你們。 你們一生一世永不可為他們謀求平安和好處。

「不可憎惡以東人,因為他們是你們的弟兄;也不可憎惡埃及人,因為你們曾經在埃及寄居。 他們的第三代子孫可以加入耶和華的會眾。

保持軍營聖潔的條例

「你們出兵征戰時,一定要遠離惡事。 10 如果有人因夢遺而不潔淨,他就要離開營地住在營外。 11 傍晚他要沐浴,日落才可以回營。 12 要在營外指定一個地方作方便之處。 13 你們每人都要有一把鏟子,便溺時要挖個洞,事後要掩埋。 14 因為你們的上帝耶和華常在營中巡視,要保護你們,擊敗你們的仇敵。軍營必須保持聖潔,免得祂在你們中間看到任何污穢之事,便離開你們。

其他條例

15 「如果有奴隸逃到你們那裡避難,不可把逃亡的奴隸送交他們的主人。 16 要讓他們在你們當中選擇他們喜歡的城邑與你們同住,不可壓迫他們。

17 「任何以色列人,不論男女,都不可做廟妓。 18 不可把男女廟妓的收入帶到你們上帝耶和華的殿還願,因為你們的上帝耶和華憎惡他們。

19 「你們借給同胞錢、糧食或其他任何東西,都不可收取利息。 20 你們可以向外族人收取利息,但不可向同胞收取。這樣,在你們將要佔領的土地上,你們的上帝耶和華必使你們凡事蒙福。

21 「如果你們向你們的上帝耶和華許願,不可遲遲不還願,因為你們的上帝耶和華必追討許願不還的罪。 22 如果你們不許願,反倒無罪; 23 但如果你們親口許了願,一定要向你們的上帝耶和華信守諾言。

24 「如果你們進了鄰居的葡萄園,可以隨意吃,但不可把葡萄放在籃子裡帶走。 25 如果你們進了鄰居的麥田,可以用手摘麥穗,但不可用鐮刀割麥子。

Those Excluded from the Congregation

23 “He who is emasculated by crushing or mutilation shall (A)not enter the assembly of the Lord.

“One of illegitimate birth shall not enter the assembly of the Lord; even to the tenth generation none of his descendants shall enter the assembly of the Lord.

(B)“An Ammonite or Moabite shall not enter the assembly of the Lord; even to the tenth generation none of his descendants shall enter the assembly of the Lord forever, (C)because they did not meet you with bread and water on the road when you came out of Egypt, and (D)because they hired against you Balaam the son of Beor from Pethor of [a]Mesopotamia, to curse you. Nevertheless the Lord your God would not listen to Balaam, but the Lord your God turned the curse into a blessing for you, because the Lord your God (E)loves you. (F)You shall not seek their peace nor their prosperity all your days forever.

“You shall not abhor an Edomite, (G)for he is your brother. You shall not abhor an Egyptian, because (H)you were an alien in his land. The children of the third generation born to them may enter the assembly of the Lord.

Cleanliness of the Campsite

“When the army goes out against your enemies, then keep yourself from every wicked thing. 10 (I)If there is any man among you who becomes unclean by some occurrence in the night, then he shall go outside the camp; he shall not come inside the camp. 11 But it shall be, when evening comes, that (J)he shall wash with water; and when the sun sets, he may come into the camp.

12 “Also you shall have a place outside the camp, where you may go out; 13 and you shall have an implement among your equipment, and when you sit down outside, you shall dig with it and turn and cover your refuse. 14 For the Lord your God (K)walks in the midst of your camp, to deliver you and give your enemies over to you; therefore your camp shall be holy, that He may see no unclean thing among you, and turn away from you.

Miscellaneous Laws

15 (L)“You shall not give back to his master the slave who has escaped from his master to you. 16 He may dwell with you in your midst, in the place which he chooses within one of your gates, where it [b]seems best to him; (M)you shall not oppress him.

17 “There shall be no ritual [c]harlot (N)of the daughters of Israel, or a (O)perverted[d] one of the sons of Israel. 18 You shall not bring the wages of a harlot or the price of a dog to the house of the Lord your God for any vowed offering, for both of these are [e]an abomination to the Lord your God.

19 (P)“You shall not charge interest to your brother—interest on money or food or anything that is lent out at interest. 20 (Q)To a foreigner you may charge interest, but to your brother you shall not charge interest, (R)that the Lord your God may bless you in all to which you set your hand in the land which you are entering to possess.

21 (S)“When you make a vow to the Lord your God, you shall not delay to pay it; for the Lord your God will surely require it of you, and it would be sin to you. 22 But if you abstain from vowing, it shall not be sin to you. 23 (T)That which has gone from your lips you shall keep and perform, for you voluntarily vowed to the Lord your God what you have promised with your mouth.

24 “When you come into your neighbor’s vineyard, you may eat your fill of grapes at your pleasure, but you shall not put any in your container. 25 When you come into your neighbor’s standing grain, (U)you may pluck the heads with your hand, but you shall not use a sickle on your neighbor’s standing grain.

Footnotes

  1. Deuteronomy 23:4 Heb. Aram Naharaim
  2. Deuteronomy 23:16 pleases him best
  3. Deuteronomy 23:17 Heb. qedeshah, fem. of qadesh (next note)
  4. Deuteronomy 23:17 Heb. qadesh, one practicing sodomy and prostitution in religious rituals
  5. Deuteronomy 23:18 detestable