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不得进耶和华的会的人

23 “睾丸受伤的,或生殖器被割除的,不可进耶和华的会。(本节在《马索拉文本》为23:2) 私生子不可进耶和华的会;他的后代直到第十代,也不可进耶和华的会。 亚扪人或摩押人不可进耶和华的会;他们的后代直到第十代,也永远不可进耶和华的会。 因为你们出埃及的时候,他们没有拿食物和水在路上迎接你们,又因为他们从两河之间的亚兰的毘夺雇了比珥的儿子巴兰,来攻击你,咒诅你。 但耶和华你的 神不愿听从巴兰;耶和华你的 神使咒诅的话变为你的祝福,因为耶和华你的 神爱你。 你一生一世永不可寻求他们的平安和他们的福乐。

“你不可厌恶以东人,因为他是你的兄弟;不可厌恶埃及人,因为你在他的地上作过寄居的。 他们所生的子孙到了第三代,就可以进耶和华的会。

“你出兵安营攻打仇敌的时候,要谨守自己,远避一切恶事。

保持军营洁净的条例

10 “如果你们中间有人因为夜间偶然梦遗而不洁净,就要出到营外去,不可进入营中。 11 到了黄昏的时候,他要用水洗澡;日落了,他才可以进入营中。 12 你在营外要有厕所,你可以出到那里去便溺。 13 在你的器械中,要有一把锹;你在外面便溺以后,可以用来铲土,转身把粪便掩盖。 14 因为耶和华你的 神常在你的营中行走,要拯救你,要把你的仇敌交在你的面前;所以你的营要圣洁,免得他看见你那里有污秽的东西,就离开你。

其他各种条例

15 “如果一个奴仆离开了他的主人,逃到你那里来,你不可把他送交他的主人。 16 他要在你中间和你同住,住在他自己选择的地方,住在他喜欢的城市,你不可欺负他。

17 “以色列的女子中不可有庙妓,以色列的男子中不可有男庙妓。 18 妓女所得的酬金,或男妓所得的代价,你不可带入耶和华你的 神的殿里还任何的愿,因为这两样都是耶和华你的 神厌恶的。 19 你借给你兄弟的银钱、食物,或是任何可以生利的东西,都不可取利。 20 借给外族人,你倒可以取利;只是借给你的兄弟,你就不可取利;好使耶和华你的 神,在你要去得为业的地上,和你手里所办的一切事上,赐福给你。

21 “如果你向耶和华你的 神许了愿,就不可迟延还愿,因为耶和华你的 神必向你追讨,那时你就有罪了。 22 如果你不许愿,你倒没有罪。 23 你嘴里说出来的,你要谨守;你亲口应许的甘心祭,就是你向耶和华你的 神许的愿,你要实行。

24 “你进了你邻舍的葡萄园,你可以随意吃饱葡萄,只是不可装在你的器皿里。 25 你进了你邻舍的麦田,你可以用手摘麦穗,只是不可在你邻舍的麦田里挥动镰刀。”

Those Excluded from the Congregation

23 “He who is emasculated by crushing or mutilation shall (A)not enter the assembly of the Lord.

“One of illegitimate birth shall not enter the assembly of the Lord; even to the tenth generation none of his descendants shall enter the assembly of the Lord.

(B)“An Ammonite or Moabite shall not enter the assembly of the Lord; even to the tenth generation none of his descendants shall enter the assembly of the Lord forever, (C)because they did not meet you with bread and water on the road when you came out of Egypt, and (D)because they hired against you Balaam the son of Beor from Pethor of [a]Mesopotamia, to curse you. Nevertheless the Lord your God would not listen to Balaam, but the Lord your God turned the curse into a blessing for you, because the Lord your God (E)loves you. (F)You shall not seek their peace nor their prosperity all your days forever.

“You shall not abhor an Edomite, (G)for he is your brother. You shall not abhor an Egyptian, because (H)you were an alien in his land. The children of the third generation born to them may enter the assembly of the Lord.

Cleanliness of the Campsite

“When the army goes out against your enemies, then keep yourself from every wicked thing. 10 (I)If there is any man among you who becomes unclean by some occurrence in the night, then he shall go outside the camp; he shall not come inside the camp. 11 But it shall be, when evening comes, that (J)he shall wash with water; and when the sun sets, he may come into the camp.

12 “Also you shall have a place outside the camp, where you may go out; 13 and you shall have an implement among your equipment, and when you sit down outside, you shall dig with it and turn and cover your refuse. 14 For the Lord your God (K)walks in the midst of your camp, to deliver you and give your enemies over to you; therefore your camp shall be holy, that He may see no unclean thing among you, and turn away from you.

Miscellaneous Laws

15 (L)“You shall not give back to his master the slave who has escaped from his master to you. 16 He may dwell with you in your midst, in the place which he chooses within one of your gates, where it [b]seems best to him; (M)you shall not oppress him.

17 “There shall be no ritual [c]harlot (N)of the daughters of Israel, or a (O)perverted[d] one of the sons of Israel. 18 You shall not bring the wages of a harlot or the price of a dog to the house of the Lord your God for any vowed offering, for both of these are [e]an abomination to the Lord your God.

19 (P)“You shall not charge interest to your brother—interest on money or food or anything that is lent out at interest. 20 (Q)To a foreigner you may charge interest, but to your brother you shall not charge interest, (R)that the Lord your God may bless you in all to which you set your hand in the land which you are entering to possess.

21 (S)“When you make a vow to the Lord your God, you shall not delay to pay it; for the Lord your God will surely require it of you, and it would be sin to you. 22 But if you abstain from vowing, it shall not be sin to you. 23 (T)That which has gone from your lips you shall keep and perform, for you voluntarily vowed to the Lord your God what you have promised with your mouth.

24 “When you come into your neighbor’s vineyard, you may eat your fill of grapes at your pleasure, but you shall not put any in your container. 25 When you come into your neighbor’s standing grain, (U)you may pluck the heads with your hand, but you shall not use a sickle on your neighbor’s standing grain.

Footnotes

  1. Deuteronomy 23:4 Heb. Aram Naharaim
  2. Deuteronomy 23:16 pleases him best
  3. Deuteronomy 23:17 Heb. qedeshah, fem. of qadesh (next note)
  4. Deuteronomy 23:17 Heb. qadesh, one practicing sodomy and prostitution in religious rituals
  5. Deuteronomy 23:18 detestable

Qualifications for Assembling

23 [a]“No man whose testicles have been crushed[b] or whose penis has been cut off may participate in the assembly of the Lord. Furthermore, no one born due to an illicit sexual relationship may participate in the assembly of the Lord, including his descendants to the tenth generation. No Ammonite or Moabite may participate in the assembly of the Lord, and none of their descendants is to be admitted to the assembly of the Lord, to the tenth generation, because they didn’t come to meet you with food and water along the way as you were coming out of Egypt. Instead, they hired Beor’s son Balaam from Pethor in Aram-naharaim[c] to curse you. However, the Lord your God didn’t listen to Balaam. The Lord your God turned Balaam’s[d] curse into a blessing, because the Lord your God loves you. Don’t seek a peace treaty with them as long as you live. Don’t detest Edomites, since they are related to you. Don’t detest Egyptians, either, because you were strangers in their land. Their grandchildren[e] may participate in the assembly of the Lord.”

Community Sanitation

“When you are encamped for battle against your enemies, be on guard against every form of impropriety. 10 If someone among you becomes unclean due to nocturnal emissions, he must leave the camp and stay outside. 11 As evening approaches, he must wash himself with water. Then at sunset, he may return to the camp.

12 “Choose a place outside the camp for a latrine. 13 Include a spade among your equipment so that when you squat to relieve yourself, you can dig a hole and then cover your excrement. 14 For the Lord your God is on the move within your camp to deliver you and to hand your enemies over to you. Therefore, your camp must be holy so that he will not see anything indecent among you and turn away from you.”

Treatment of Slaves

15 “Don’t hand over a slave who escaped from his master when he runs to you. 16 Let him live among you wherever he chooses in any of your cities that he likes. Don’t mistreat him.”

Cultic Prostitution Prohibited

17 “There are to be no cultic prostitutes among the daughters or the sons of Israel. 18 Don’t bring the earnings of a female prostitute nor the income of a male prostitute into the house of the Lord your God as payment for any vow. Both of these are detestable to the Lord your God.”

Fair Dealings

19 “Don’t charge interest to your relatives, whether for money, food, or for anything that has been loaned at interest. 20 You may charge interest to a foreigner, but don’t charge interest to your relatives, so the Lord your God may bless you in everything you undertake in the land that you are about to enter and possess.

21 “When you make a vow to the Lord your God, don’t delay paying it, because the Lord your God will certainly demand payment from you, and then you will be guilty of sin. 22 But if you refrain from making a vow, then you won’t be guilty. 23 Be sure you do whatever you promise, because you have given your word voluntarily to the Lord your God.

24 “When you enter your countrymen’s vineyard, you may eat the grapes to your satisfaction, but don’t take any in a basket. 25 When you enter your countrymen’s grain fields, you may pluck the grain with your hand, but don’t put a sickle to his standing grain.”

Footnotes

  1. Deuteronomy 23:1 This v. is 2 in MT, and so throughout the chapter.
  2. Deuteronomy 23:1 Or wounded
  3. Deuteronomy 23:4 I.e. Mesopotamia
  4. Deuteronomy 23:5 Lit. his
  5. Deuteronomy 23:8 Lit. Children born in the third generation