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豁免年的條例(A)

15 “每七年的最後一年,你要施行豁免。 豁免的方式是這樣:債主都要把借給鄰舍的一切豁免了,不可向鄰舍和兄弟追討,因為耶和華的豁免年已經宣告了。 如果借給外族人,你可以向他追討,但借給你的兄弟,無論你借的是甚麼,你都要豁免。 在你中間必沒有窮人,因為在耶和華你的 神賜給你作產業的地上,耶和華必大大賜福給你。 只要你留心聽從耶和華你的 神的話,謹守遵行我今日吩咐你的一切誡命。 因為耶和華你的 神,必照著他應許你的,賜福給你;你必借貸給許多國的民,卻不會向他們借貸;你必統治許多國的民,他們卻不會統治你。

“但是在耶和華你的 神賜給你的地上,無論哪一座城裡,在你中間如果有一個窮人,又是你的兄弟,你對這窮苦的兄弟不可硬著心腸,也不可袖手不理。 你一定要向他伸手,照著他缺乏的借給他,補足他的缺乏。 你要自己謹慎,不可心裡起惡念,說:‘第七年的豁免年近了’,你就冷眼對待你窮苦的兄弟,甚麼都不給他,以致他因你求告耶和華,你就有罪了。 10 你必須給他,給他的時候,你不要心裡難受,因為為了這事,耶和華你的 神必在你一切工作上,和你所辦的一切事上,賜福給你。 11 既然在地上必有窮人存在,所以我吩咐你說:‘你總要向你地上的困苦和貧窮的兄弟大伸援助之手。’

對待奴婢的條例(B)

12 “你的兄弟,無論是希伯來男人,或是希伯來女人,如果賣身給你,要服事你六年;到第七年,就要讓他離開你得自由。 13 你使他自由離開的時候,不可讓他空手而去; 14 要從你的羊群、禾場、榨酒池中,多多地供給他;耶和華你的 神怎樣賜福給你,你也要怎樣分給他。 15 你要記得你在埃及地作過奴僕,耶和華你的 神救贖了你;因此我今日吩咐你這件事。 16 如果他對你說:‘我不願離開你。’他說這話是因為他愛你和你的家,又因為他喜歡和你相處, 17 那麼,你就要拿錐子,把他的耳朵在門上刺透,他就永遠作你的奴僕;對待你的婢女,你也要這樣行。 18 你使他自由離開你的時候,不要為難,因為他服事了你六年,應得雇工雙倍的工資;這樣,耶和華你的 神必在你所作的一切事上,賜福給你。

頭生牛羊的條例

19 “你的牛群羊群中所生,是頭生雄性的,你都要把牠分別為聖歸給耶和華你的 神。你的牛群中頭生的,你不可用牠去耕田;你的羊群中頭生的,你不可給牠剪毛。 20 你和你的家人,年年要在耶和華選擇的地方,在耶和華你的 神面前,吃這頭生的牲畜。 21 這頭生的,如果有甚麼殘疾,像瘸腿或是瞎眼,無論有任何嚴重的殘疾,你都不可獻給耶和華你的 神。 22 你可以在家裡吃,不潔淨的人和潔淨的人都一樣可以吃,像吃羚羊和鹿一樣。 23 只是不可吃牠的血;要把血倒在地上,像倒水一樣。”

安息年

15 「每逢第七年末,你們要免除他人的債務。 你們要這樣做,所有債主都要免除同胞所欠的債務,不可向他們追討,因為宣佈免除債務的是耶和華。 你們可以向外族人討債,但無論同胞欠你什麼債務,都要免除。 4-5 只要你們聽從你們上帝耶和華的話,謹遵我今天吩咐你們的誡命,祂必使你們在這片祂賜給你們作產業的土地上蒙福,你們中間不會有窮人。 你們的上帝耶和華必照祂的應許賜福給你們,你們必借貸給多國,卻不需要向他們借貸。你們必統治多國,卻不被他們統治。

「在進入你們的上帝耶和華將要賜給你們的土地後,如果你們居住的城中有貧窮的同胞,你們不可硬著心腸拒施援手。 他們所需要的,你們要慷慨地借給他們。 你們要謹慎,不可因為免除債務的第七年將近,就心懷惡念,對貧窮同胞冷眼相待,拒施援手。否則,他會求告耶和華,那時你們便有罪了。 10 你們要慷慨給予,並且無怨無悔,因為耶和華必在你們所做的一切事上賜福給你們。 11 你們居住的地方總會有窮人,所以我吩咐你們要慷慨地幫助貧窮或有需要的同胞。

12 「如果你們的希伯來同胞,不論男女,賣身給你們做奴隸,他們要服侍你們六年,到第七年,你們要給他們自由。 13 你們不可讓他們空手離去, 14 要慷慨地把你們的上帝耶和華賜給你們的羊、五穀和酒分給他們。 15 要記住,你們曾在埃及做奴隸,你們的上帝耶和華拯救了你們。所以,我今天吩咐你們這樣做。 16 如果你們的奴隸因為愛你們和你們的家人,與你們相處融洽,不願意離去, 17 你們就要讓他靠在門上,用錐子在他耳朵上扎個洞,他便終身成為你們的奴隸。對待婢女也要這樣。 18 你們釋放奴隸時,不要不情願,因為他們服侍你們六年,所做的是普通雇工的兩倍。而且,你們的上帝耶和華也會在你們所做的一切事上賜福給你們。

頭生的牛羊

19 「你們要把頭生的公牛和公羊分別出來,獻給你們的上帝耶和華。不可用頭生的公牛耕田,也不要剪頭生公羊的毛。 20 每年,你們全家要去你們的上帝耶和華選定的地方,在祂面前吃這些頭生的牛羊。 21 如果這些牛羊有什麼殘疾,如瘸腿、瞎眼或其他殘疾,就不可獻給你們的上帝耶和華。 22 要在你們的城裡吃這些牛羊。潔淨的人和不潔淨的人都可以吃,就像吃羚羊和鹿一樣。 23 但不可吃牠們的血,要把血倒在地上,像倒水一樣。

Debts Canceled Every Seven Years(A)

15 “At the end of (B)every seven years you shall grant a [a]release of debts. And this is the form of the release: Every creditor who has lent anything to his neighbor shall [b]release it; he shall not [c]require it of his neighbor or his brother, because it is called the Lord’s release. Of a foreigner you may require it; but you shall give up your claim to what is owed by your brother, except when there may be no poor among you; for the Lord will greatly (C)bless you in the land which the Lord your God is giving you to possess as an inheritance— only if you carefully obey the voice of the Lord your God, to observe with care all these commandments which I command you today. For the Lord your God will bless you just as He promised you; (D)you shall lend to many nations, but you shall not borrow; you shall reign over many nations, but they shall not reign over you.

Generosity to the Poor

“If there is among you a poor man of your brethren, within any of the [d]gates in your land which the Lord your God is giving you, (E)you shall not harden your heart nor shut your hand from your poor brother, but (F)you shall [e]open your hand wide to him and willingly lend him sufficient for his need, whatever he needs. Beware lest there be a wicked thought in your heart, saying, ‘The seventh year, the year of release, is at hand,’ and your (G)eye be evil against your poor brother and you give him nothing, and (H)he cry out to the Lord against you, and (I)it become sin among you. 10 You shall surely give to him, and (J)your heart should not be grieved when you give to him, because (K)for this thing the Lord your God will bless you in all your works and in all to which you put your hand. 11 For (L)the poor will never cease from the land; therefore I command you, saying, ‘You shall [f]open your hand wide to your brother, to your poor and your needy, in your land.’

The Law Concerning Bondservants

12 (M)“If your brother, a Hebrew man, or a Hebrew woman, is (N)sold to you and serves you six years, then in the seventh year you shall let him go free from you. 13 And when you [g]send him away free from you, you shall not let him go away empty-handed; 14 you shall supply him liberally from your flock, from your threshing floor, and from your winepress. From what the Lord your God has (O)blessed you with, you shall give to him. 15 (P)You shall remember that you were a slave in the land of Egypt, and the Lord your God redeemed you; therefore I command you this thing today. 16 And (Q)if it happens that he says to you, ‘I will not go away from you,’ because he loves you and your house, since he prospers with you, 17 then you shall take an awl and thrust it through his ear to the door, and he shall be your servant forever. Also to your female servant you shall do likewise. 18 It shall not seem hard to you when you send him away free from you; for he has been worth (R)a double hired servant in serving you six years. Then the Lord your God will bless you in all that you do.

The Law Concerning Firstborn Animals

19 (S)“All the firstborn males that come from your herd and your flock you shall [h]sanctify to the Lord your God; you shall do no work with the firstborn of your herd, nor shear the firstborn of your flock. 20 (T)You and your household shall eat it before the Lord your God year by year in the place which the Lord chooses. 21 (U)But if there is a defect in it, if it is lame or blind or has any serious defect, you shall not sacrifice it to the Lord your God. 22 You may eat it within your gates; (V)the unclean and the clean person alike may eat it, as if it were a gazelle or a deer. 23 Only you shall not eat its blood; you shall pour it on the ground like water.

Footnotes

  1. Deuteronomy 15:1 remission
  2. Deuteronomy 15:2 cancel the debt
  3. Deuteronomy 15:2 exact it
  4. Deuteronomy 15:7 towns
  5. Deuteronomy 15:8 freely open
  6. Deuteronomy 15:11 freely open
  7. Deuteronomy 15:13 set him free
  8. Deuteronomy 15:19 set apart or consecrate