合宜的敬拜

12 “只要你们生活在你们祖先的上帝耶和华赐给你们的土地上,就要谨遵以下律例和典章。

“你们赶走那里的列邦后,要彻底摧毁他们在高山上、丘陵上、绿树下供奉其神明的地方。 你们要拆毁他们的祭坛,打碎他们的神柱,焚烧他们的亚舍拉神像,砍倒他们的偶像,使它们的名字从那里消失。 你们不可按照他们的方式敬拜你们的上帝耶和华。 你们的上帝耶和华要在你们众支派中选一个地方作祂的居所,你们要去那里敬拜祂, 把你们的燔祭及其他祭物、十一奉献、举祭、还愿祭、自愿献的祭和头生的牛羊带到那里。 你们和家人要在那里,在你们的上帝耶和华面前吃喝;要为你们所做的一切蒙祂赐福而欢喜快乐。

“你们不可再像今日这样各行其是, 因为到如今你们还没有进入你们的上帝耶和华赐给你们作产业的安歇之地。 10 但不久你们将渡过约旦河,定居在那片土地上。耶和华将使你们四境太平,安然居住, 11 你们要把我吩咐你们献的燔祭、各种牲祭、十一奉献、举祭和一切还愿祭带到你们的上帝耶和华选定的敬拜场所。 12 在那里,你们和儿女、仆婢及同城中没有分到土地作产业的利未人,要一起在你们的上帝耶和华面前欢喜快乐。 13 你们不可随处向耶和华献燔祭。 14 耶和华会在你们的一个支派中选定敬拜的场所,你们只可以在那里献燔祭,做我吩咐你们的一切事。

15 “你们可以随时在居住的各城宰杀牲畜吃,享受你们的上帝耶和华所赐的福,像吃羚羊和鹿一样。洁净的人和不洁净的人都可以吃。 16 但你们不可吃血。要把血倒在地上,像倒水一样。 17 不可在你们的城里吃十一奉献的谷物、新酒和油、头生的牛羊、还愿祭、自愿献的祭和举祭; 18 要在你们的上帝耶和华选定的地方,与儿女、仆婢及同城的利未人一起在耶和华面前吃。要为你们所做的一切,在你们的上帝耶和华面前欢喜快乐。 19 切记,只要你们还住在自己的土地上,就不可忘记利未人。

20 “你们的上帝耶和华按照祂的应许扩展你们的疆域后,你们若想吃肉,随时都可以吃。 21 如果你们的上帝耶和华选定的敬拜场所离你们太远,你们可以在自己的城里,按照我的吩咐,随时宰杀耶和华赐给你们的牛羊吃, 22 就像你们吃羚羊和鹿一样。洁净的人和不洁净的人都可以吃。 23 但你们不可吃血,因为血就是生命;你们不可把生命和肉一起吃, 24 要把血倒在地上,像倒水一样。 25 你们要做耶和华视为正的事——不可吃血,以便你们及子孙凡事顺利。 26 你们要把圣物和还愿祭带到耶和华选定的地方。 27 你们要在你们的上帝耶和华的祭坛上献燔祭,连肉带血都要献上。要把其他祭牲的血倒在坛上,但可以吃祭肉。 28 你们要认真听从我给你们的这些吩咐,做你们的上帝耶和华视为正与善的事,以便你们及子孙凡事顺利,直到永远。

29 “你们的上帝耶和华将为你们铲除列国。你们要赶走他们,住在他们的土地上。 30 那时,你们要谨慎,不可受诱惑去效法他们的习俗,不可打听他们神明的事,说,‘这些民族怎样供奉他们的神明呢?我也要效法。’ 31 你们不可按照他们的方式敬拜你们的上帝耶和华。他们祭拜自己神明的种种行为令耶和华憎恶,他们甚至焚烧自己的儿女献给他们的神明。

32 “你们要谨遵我的一切吩咐,不可增添,也不可删减。

Regulations and the case laws:

Worship at the location the Lord selects

12 These are the regulations and the case laws that you must carefully keep in the fertile land the Lord, your ancestors’ God, has given to you to possess for as long as you live on that land:

You must completely destroy every place where the nations that you are displacing worshipped their gods—whether on high mountains or hills or under leafy green trees. Rip down their altars and shatter their sacred stones. Burn their sacred poles[a] with fire. Hack their gods’ idols into pieces. Wipe out their names from that place.

Don’t act like they did toward the Lord your God!

Instead, you must search for the location the Lord your God will select from all your tribes to put his name there, as his residence, and you must go there. You must bring your entirely burned offerings, your sacrifices, your tenth-part gifts, your contributions,[b] your payments for solemn promises, your spontaneous gifts, and the oldest offspring of your herds and flocks to that place. You will have a feast there, each of you and your families, in the Lord your God’s presence, and you will celebrate all you have done because the Lord your God has blessed you. Don’t act like we’ve been acting here lately—everyone doing what seems right to them— because up to this point you haven’t yet reached the place of rest or the inheritance the Lord your God is giving you. 10 But you are about to cross the Jordan River and will settle in the land the Lord your God is giving you as your inheritance. Then he will give you rest from all your enemies on every side so that you live safely and securely. 11 At that point, you must bring all that I am commanding you, your entirely burned offerings, your sacrifices, your tenth-part gifts, your contributions, and all your best payments that you solemnly promised to the Lord, to the location the Lord your God selects for his name to reside. 12 Then you will rejoice in the Lord your God’s presence: each of you, your sons and daughters, your male and female servants, and the Levites who dwell in your cities because they have no designated inheritance.

13 But watch yourself! Make sure you don’t offer up your entirely burned offerings in just any place you see. 14 No, only at the location the Lord selects from one of your tribal areas—that’s where you must offer up your entirely burned offerings and that’s where you must perform everything I’m telling you. 15 However, whenever you wish, you may slaughter and eat meat, as the Lord your God sees fit to bless you with such in your cities. People who are polluted and people who are purified can join in the feast, as they would if they were eating gazelle or deer. 16 But you must not consume any of the animals’ blood. Pour it out on the ground, just like water.

17 Within your cities you are not allowed to eat any of the following: your tenth-part gifts of grain, wine, and oil; the oldest offspring of your herds and flocks; any of the payments you have solemnly promised; your spontaneous gifts or your contributions. 18 Only in the presence of the Lord your God, at the location the Lord your God selects, can you eat these things—that holds true for you, your son and daughter, your male and female servant, and the Levite who lives in your city. Then celebrate all you have done in the Lord your God’s presence. 19 But watch yourself: as long as you are on the land, don’t forget about the Levites.

20 Once the Lord your God has enlarged your territory, as he promised you, and you think to yourself, I’d like to eat some meat (because you have the desire to do so), feel free to do so whenever you want. 21 But if the location that the Lord your God will choose to put his name is far away from where you live, then slaughter an animal from your herd or flock that the Lord has given you, just as I have commanded you, and eat it in your cities whenever you wish. 22 But be sure to eat it as if it were gazelle or deer. People who are polluted and people who are purified can feast on it together.

23 Furthermore, make sure that you don’t consume any of the blood, because blood is life. You must not consume the life along with the meat. 24 You must not consume any of it. Pour it out on the ground, just like water. 25 You must not consume any of it so that things go well for you and for your children later because you did what was right in the Lord’s eyes.

26 Note that you must bring your sacred offerings and your payments for solemn promises to the location the Lord selects, 27 offering up your entirely burned sacrifices—both meat and blood—on the Lord your God’s altar. The blood from your sacrifices must be poured out on the Lord your God’s altar, but you are allowed to eat the meat. 28 Observe and obey all these words that I am commanding you so that things always go well for you and your children later because you did what was good and right in the Lord your God’s eyes.

29 Once the Lord your God has removed from before you all the nations that you are entering and taking possession of, and you have displaced them and are living in their land, 30 then watch yourself! Don’t be trapped by following their practices after they’ve been wiped out before you. Don’t go investigating their gods, thinking, How did these nations worship their gods? I want to do the very same thing!

31 Don’t act like they did toward the Lord your God because they did things for their gods that are detestable to the Lord, which he hates. They even burned their own sons and daughters with fire for their gods!

32 [c] Everything I’m commanding you, you must do it with utmost care! Don’t add anything to it or take anything away from it.

Footnotes

  1. Deuteronomy 12:3 Heb asherim, perhaps objects devoted to the goddess Asherah
  2. Deuteronomy 12:6 Or the contribution of your hands; also in 12:11, 17
  3. Deuteronomy 12:32 13:1 in Heb

12 These are the statutes and the ordinances which you shall observe to do in the land which Yahweh, the God of your fathers, has given you to possess all the days that you live on the earth. You shall surely destroy all the places in which the nations that you shall dispossess served their gods: on the high mountains, and on the hills, and under every green tree. You shall break down their altars, dash their pillars in pieces, and burn their Asherah poles with fire. You shall cut down the engraved images of their gods. You shall destroy their name out of that place. You shall not do so to Yahweh your God. But to the place which Yahweh your God shall choose out of all your tribes, to put his name there, you shall seek his habitation, and you shall come there. You shall bring your burnt offerings, your sacrifices, your tithes, the wave offering of your hand, your vows, your free will offerings, and the firstborn of your herd and of your flock there. There you shall eat before Yahweh your God, and you shall rejoice in all that you put your hand to, you and your households, in which Yahweh your God has blessed you. You shall not do all the things that we do here today, every man whatever is right in his own eyes; for you haven’t yet come to the rest and to the inheritance which Yahweh your God gives you. 10 But when you go over the Jordan and dwell in the land which Yahweh your God causes you to inherit, and he gives you rest from all your enemies around you, so that you dwell in safety, 11 then it shall happen that to the place which Yahweh your God shall choose, to cause his name to dwell there, there you shall bring all that I command you: your burnt offerings, your sacrifices, your tithes, the wave offering of your hand, and all your choice vows which you vow to Yahweh. 12 You shall rejoice before Yahweh your God—you, and your sons, your daughters, your male servants, your female servants, and the Levite who is within your gates, because he has no portion nor inheritance with you. 13 Be careful that you don’t offer your burnt offerings in every place that you see; 14 but in the place which Yahweh chooses in one of your tribes, there you shall offer your burnt offerings, and there you shall do all that I command you.

15 Yet you may kill and eat meat within all your gates, after all the desire of your soul, according to Yahweh your God’s blessing which he has given you. The unclean and the clean may eat of it, as of the gazelle and the deer. 16 Only you shall not eat the blood. You shall pour it out on the earth like water. 17 You may not eat within your gates the tithe of your grain, or of your new wine, or of your oil, or the firstborn of your herd or of your flock, nor any of your vows which you vow, nor your free will offerings, nor the wave offering of your hand; 18 but you shall eat them before Yahweh your God in the place which Yahweh your God shall choose: you, your son, your daughter, your male servant, your female servant, and the Levite who is within your gates. You shall rejoice before Yahweh your God in all that you put your hand to. 19 Be careful that you don’t forsake the Levite as long as you live in your land.

20 When Yahweh your God enlarges your border, as he has promised you, and you say, “I want to eat meat,” because your soul desires to eat meat, you may eat meat, after all the desire of your soul. 21 If the place which Yahweh your God shall choose to put his name is too far from you, then you shall kill of your herd and of your flock, which Yahweh has given you, as I have commanded you; and you may eat within your gates, after all the desire of your soul. 22 Even as the gazelle and as the deer is eaten, so you shall eat of it. The unclean and the clean may eat of it alike. 23 Only be sure that you don’t eat the blood; for the blood is the life. You shall not eat the life with the meat. 24 You shall not eat it. You shall pour it out on the earth like water. 25 You shall not eat it, that it may go well with you and with your children after you, when you do that which is right in Yahweh’s eyes. 26 Only your holy things which you have, and your vows, you shall take and go to the place which Yahweh shall choose. 27 You shall offer your burnt offerings, the meat and the blood, on Yahweh your God’s altar. The blood of your sacrifices shall be poured out on Yahweh your God’s altar, and you shall eat the meat. 28 Observe and hear all these words which I command you, that it may go well with you and with your children after you forever, when you do that which is good and right in Yahweh your God’s eyes.

29 When Yahweh your God cuts off the nations from before you where you go in to dispossess them, and you dispossess them and dwell in their land, 30 be careful that you are not ensnared to follow them after they are destroyed from before you, and that you not inquire after their gods, saying, “How do these nations serve their gods? I will do likewise.” 31 You shall not do so to Yahweh your God; for every abomination to Yahweh, which he hates, they have done to their gods; for they even burn their sons and their daughters in the fire to their gods. 32 Whatever thing I command you, that you shall observe to do. You shall not add to it, nor take away from it.