Passage Resources Hebrew/Greek Your Content
Previous Next
Add parallel Print Page Options Listen to 申命記 23
Close CCBT

申命記 23
Chinese Contemporary Bible (Traditional)

會眾的資格

23 「凡睪丸受損或被閹割的，不可加入耶和華的會眾。

2 「私生子及其十代以內的子孫都不可加入耶和華的會眾。

3 「亞捫人或摩押人及其十代以內的子孫都不可加入耶和華的會眾。 4 因為在你們離開埃及的途中，他們沒有用水和食物款待你們，還雇用美索不達米亞的毗奪人——比珥的兒子巴蘭咒詛你們。 5 但你們的上帝耶和華不聽巴蘭的話，反而把咒詛變為祝福，因為祂愛你們。 6 你們一生一世永不可為他們謀求平安和好處。

7 「不可憎惡以東人，因為他們是你們的弟兄；也不可憎惡埃及人，因為你們曾經在埃及寄居。 8 他們的第三代子孫可以加入耶和華的會眾。

保持軍營聖潔的條例

9 「你們出兵征戰時，一定要遠離惡事。 10 如果有人因夢遺而不潔淨，他就要離開營地住在營外。 11 傍晚他要沐浴，日落才可以回營。 12 要在營外指定一個地方作方便之處。 13 你們每人都要有一把鏟子，便溺時要挖個洞，事後要掩埋。 14 因為你們的上帝耶和華常在營中巡視，要保護你們，擊敗你們的仇敵。軍營必須保持聖潔，免得祂在你們中間看到任何污穢之事，便離開你們。

其他條例

15 「如果有奴隸逃到你們那裡避難，不可把逃亡的奴隸送交他們的主人。 16 要讓他們在你們當中選擇他們喜歡的城邑與你們同住，不可壓迫他們。

17 「任何以色列人，不論男女，都不可做廟妓。 18 不可把男女廟妓的收入帶到你們上帝耶和華的殿還願，因為你們的上帝耶和華憎惡他們。

19 「你們借給同胞錢、糧食或其他任何東西，都不可收取利息。 20 你們可以向外族人收取利息，但不可向同胞收取。這樣，在你們將要佔領的土地上，你們的上帝耶和華必使你們凡事蒙福。

21 「如果你們向你們的上帝耶和華許願，不可遲遲不還願，因為你們的上帝耶和華必追討許願不還的罪。 22 如果你們不許願，反倒無罪； 23 但如果你們親口許了願，一定要向你們的上帝耶和華信守諾言。

24 「如果你們進了鄰居的葡萄園，可以隨意吃，但不可把葡萄放在籃子裡帶走。 25 如果你們進了鄰居的麥田，可以用手摘麥穗，但不可用鐮刀割麥子。

Close NET

Deuteronomy 23
New English Translation

Purity in Public Worship

23 A man with crushed[a] or severed genitals[b] may not enter the assembly of the Lord.[c] 2 A person of illegitimate birth[d] may not enter the assembly of the Lord; to the tenth generation no one related to him may do so.[e]

3 No Ammonite or Moabite[f] may enter the assembly of the Lord; to the tenth generation none of their descendants shall ever[g] do so,[h] 4 for they did not meet you with food and water on the way as you came from Egypt, and furthermore, they hired[i] Balaam son of Beor of Pethor in Aram Naharaim to curse you. 5 But the Lord your God refused to listen to Balaam and changed[j] the curse to a blessing, for the Lord your God loves[k] you. 6 You must not seek peace and prosperity for them through all the ages to come. 7 You must not hate an Edomite, for he is your relative;[l] you must not hate an Egyptian, for you lived as a foreigner[m] in his land. 8 Children of the third generation born to them[n] may enter the assembly of the Lord.

Purity in Personal Hygiene

9 When you go out as an army against your enemies, guard yourselves against anything impure.[o] 10 If there is someone among you who is impure because of some nocturnal emission,[p] he must leave the camp; he may not reenter it immediately. 11 When evening arrives he must wash himself with water, and then at sunset he may reenter the camp.

12 You are to have a place outside the camp to serve as a latrine.[q] 13 You must have a spade among your other equipment, and when you relieve yourself[r] outside you must dig a hole with the spade[s] and then turn and cover your excrement.[t] 14 For the Lord your God walks about in the middle of your camp to deliver you and defeat[u] your enemies for you. Therefore your camp should be holy, so that he does not see anything indecent[v] among you and turn away from you.

Purity in the Treatment of the Unprivileged

15 You must not return an escaped slave to his master when he has run away to you.[w] 16 Indeed, he may live among you in any place he chooses, in whichever of your villages[x] he prefers; you must not oppress him.

Cultic Prostitution Banned

17 There must never be a sacred prostitute[y] among the young women[z] of Israel nor a sacred male prostitute[aa] among the young men[ab] of Israel. 18 You must never bring the pay of a female prostitute[ac] or the wage of a male prostitute[ad] into the temple of the Lord your God in fulfillment of any vow, for both of these are abhorrent to the Lord your God.

Respect for Others’ Property

19 You must not charge interest on a loan to your fellow Israelite,[ae] whether on money, food, or anything else that has been loaned with interest. 20 You may lend with interest to a foreigner, but not to your fellow Israelite; if you keep this command the Lord your God will bless you in all you undertake in the land you are about to enter to possess. 21 When you make a vow to the Lord your God you must not delay in fulfilling it, for otherwise he[af] will surely[ag] hold you accountable as a sinner.[ah] 22 If you refrain from making a vow, it will not be sinful. 23 Whatever you vow, you must be careful to do what you have promised, such as what you have vowed to the Lord your God as a freewill offering. 24 When you enter the vineyard of your neighbor you may eat as many grapes as you please,[ai] but you must not take away any in a container.[aj] 25 When you go into the ripe grain fields of your neighbor you may pluck off the kernels with your hand,[ak] but you must not use a sickle on your neighbor’s ripe grain.

Footnotes

  1. Deuteronomy 23:1 tn Heb “bruised by crushing,” which many English versions take to refer to crushed testicles (NAB, NRSV, NLT); TEV “who has been castrated.”
  2. Deuteronomy 23:1 tn Heb “cut off with respect to the penis”; KJV, ASV “hath his privy member cut off”; English versions vary in their degree of euphemism here; cf. NAB, NRSV, TEV, NLT “penis”; NASB “male organ”; NCV “sex organ”; CEV “private parts”; NIV “emasculated by crushing or cutting.”
  3. Deuteronomy 23:1 sn The Hebrew term translated “assembly” (קָהָל, qahal) does not refer here to the nation as such but to the formal services of the tabernacle or temple. Since emasculated or other sexually abnormal persons were commonly associated with pagan temple personnel, the thrust here may be primarily polemical in intent. One should not read into this anything having to do with the mentally and physically handicapped as fit to participate in the life and ministry of the church.
  4. Deuteronomy 23:2 tn Or “a person born of an illegitimate marriage.”
  5. Deuteronomy 23:2 tn Heb “enter the assembly of the Lord.” The phrase “do so” has been used in the translation for stylistic reasons to avoid redundancy.
  6. Deuteronomy 23:3 sn An Ammonite or Moabite. These descendants of Lot by his two daughters (cf. Gen 19:30-38) were thereby the products of incest and therefore excluded from the worshiping community. However, these two nations also failed to show proper hospitality to Israel on their way to Canaan (v. 4).
  7. Deuteronomy 23:3 tn The Hebrew term translated “ever” (עַד־עוֹלָם, ʿad ʿolam) suggests that “tenth generation” (vv. 2, 3) also means “forever.” However, in the OT sense “forever” means not “for eternity” but for an indeterminate future time. See A. Tomasino, NIDOTTE 3:346.
  8. Deuteronomy 23:3 tn Heb “enter the assembly of the Lord.” The phrase “do so” has been used in the translation for stylistic reasons to avoid redundancy.
  9. Deuteronomy 23:4 tn Heb “hired against you.”
  10. Deuteronomy 23:5 tn Heb “the Lord your God changed.” The phrase “the Lord your God” has not been included in the translation here for stylistic reasons to avoid redundancy. Moreover, use of the pronoun “he” could create confusion regarding the referent (the Lord or Balaam).
  11. Deuteronomy 23:5 tn The verb אָהֵב (ʾahev, “love”) here and commonly elsewhere in the Book of Deuteronomy speaks of God’s elective grace toward Israel. See note on the word “loved” in Deut 4:37.
  12. Deuteronomy 23:7 tn Heb “brother.”
  13. Deuteronomy 23:7 tn Heb “sojourner.”sn The same term ger (גֵּר) is used for the resident foreigner living in Israel and of the Israelite who lived in Israel, despite the very different social conditions of each. A foreign resident has differing status in different countries. The Israelites were slaves in Egypt, but the resident foreigner in Israel was under the same laws (civil and religious) as the Israelite and could worship the Lord as part of the covenant community. Several passages emphasize equal standing under Mosaic Law (Exod 12:49; Lev 24:22; Num 9:14; 15:15, 16, 26, 29; 19:10; 35:15; Deut 1:16) or similar obligations (Exod 20:10; 23:12; Lev 16:29; 17:10, 12, 13; 18:26; 24:16; Num 15:14).
  14. Deuteronomy 23:8 sn Concessions were made to the Edomites and Egyptians (as compared to the others listed in vv. 1-6) because the Edomites (i.e., Esauites) were full “brothers” of Israel and the Egyptians had provided security and sustenance for Israel for more than four centuries.
  15. Deuteronomy 23:9 tn Heb “evil.” The context makes clear that this is a matter of ritual impurity, not moral impurity, so it is “evil” in the sense that it disbars one from certain religious activity.
  16. Deuteronomy 23:10 tn Heb “nocturnal happening.” The Hebrew term קָרֶה (qareh) merely means “to happen” so the phrase here is euphemistic (a “night happening”) for some kind of bodily emission such as excrement or semen. Such otherwise normal physical functions rendered one ritually unclean whether accidental or not. See Lev 15:16-18; 22:4.
  17. Deuteronomy 23:12 tn Heb “so that one may go outside there.” This expression is euphemistic.
  18. Deuteronomy 23:13 tn Heb “sit.” This expression is euphemistic.
  19. Deuteronomy 23:13 tn Heb “with it”; the referent (the spade mentioned at the beginning of the verse) has been specified in the translation for clarity.
  20. Deuteronomy 23:13 tn Heb “what comes from you,” a euphemism.
  21. Deuteronomy 23:14 tn Heb “give [over] your enemies.”
  22. Deuteronomy 23:14 tn Heb “nakedness of a thing”; NLT “any shameful thing.” The expression עֶרְוַת דָּבָר (ʿervat davar) refers specifically to sexual organs and, by extension, to any function associated with them. There are some aspects of human life that are so personal and private that they ought not be publicly paraded. Cultically speaking, even God is offended by such impropriety (cf. Gen 9:22-23; Lev 18:6-12, 16-19; 20:11, 17-21). See B. Seevers, NIDOTTE 3:528-30.
  23. Deuteronomy 23:15 tn The Hebrew text includes “from his master,” but this would be redundant in English style.
  24. Deuteronomy 23:16 tn Heb “gates.”
  25. Deuteronomy 23:17 tn The Hebrew term translated “sacred prostitute” here (קְדֵשָׁה [qedeshah], from קַדֵשׁ [qadesh, “holy”]; cf. NIV “shrine prostitute”; NASB “cult prostitute”; NRSV, TEV, NLT “temple prostitute”) refers to the pagan fertility cults that employed female and male prostitutes in various rituals designed to evoke agricultural and even human fecundity (cf. Gen 38:21-22; 1 Kgs 14:24; 15:12; 22:47; 2 Kgs 23:7; Hos 4:14). The Hebrew term for a regular, noncultic (i.e., “secular”) female prostitute is זוֹנָה (zonah).
  26. Deuteronomy 23:17 tn Heb “daughters.”
  27. Deuteronomy 23:17 tn The male cultic prostitute was called קָדֵשׁ (qadesh; see note on the phrase “sacred prostitute” earlier in this verse). The colloquial Hebrew term for a “secular” male prostitute (i.e., a sodomite) is the disparaging epithet כֶּלֶב (kelev, “dog”) which occurs in the following verse (cf. KJV, ASV, NAB, NASB).
  28. Deuteronomy 23:17 tn Heb “sons.”
  29. Deuteronomy 23:18 tn Here the Hebrew term זוֹנָה (zonah) refers to a noncultic (i.e., “secular”) female prostitute; see note on the phrase “sacred prostitute” in v. 17.
  30. Deuteronomy 23:18 tn Heb “of a dog.” This is the common Hebrew term for a noncultic (i.e., “secular”) male prostitute. See note on the phrase “sacred male prostitute” in v. 17.
  31. Deuteronomy 23:19 tn Heb “to your brother” (likewise in the following verse). Since this is not limited to actual siblings, “fellow Israelite” is used in the translation (cf. NAB, NASB “countrymen”).
  32. Deuteronomy 23:21 tn Heb “the Lord your God.” The pronoun has been used in the translation for stylistic reasons to avoid redundancy.
  33. Deuteronomy 23:21 tn The Hebrew text uses the infinitive absolute for emphasis, which is reflected in the translation by “surely.”
  34. Deuteronomy 23:21 tn Heb “and it will be a sin to you”; NIV, NCV, NLT “be guilty of sin.”
  35. Deuteronomy 23:24 tn Heb “grapes according to your appetite, your fullness.”
  36. Deuteronomy 23:24 tn Heb “in your container”; NAB, NIV “your basket.”
  37. Deuteronomy 23:25 sn For the continuation of these practices into NT times see Matt 12:1-8; Mark 2:23-28; Luke 6:1-5.
Next
申命記 22
申命記 24
Next
dropdown
Chinese Contemporary Bible (Traditional) (CCBT)

By Biblica

New English Translation (NET)

NET Bible® copyright ©1996-2017 by Biblical Studies Press, L.L.C. http://netbible.com All rights reserved.