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禁為死者劃身剃額

14 「你們是耶和華你們神的兒女。不可為死人用刀劃身,也不可將額上剃光。 因為你歸耶和華你神為聖潔的民,耶和華從地上的萬民中揀選你特做自己的子民。

示以潔與不潔之物

「凡可憎的物都不可吃。 可吃的牲畜就是:牛、綿羊、山羊、 鹿、羚羊、麃子、野山羊、麋鹿、黃羊、青羊。 凡分蹄成為兩瓣又倒嚼的走獸,你們都可以吃。 但那些倒嚼或是分蹄之中不可吃的乃是:駱駝,兔子,沙番,因為是倒嚼不分蹄,就於你們不潔淨; 豬,因為是分蹄卻不倒嚼,就於你們不潔淨。這些獸的肉,你們不可吃,死的也不可摸。

「水中可吃的乃是這些:凡有翅有鱗的,都可以吃。 10 凡無翅無鱗的都不可吃,是於你們不潔淨。

11 「凡潔淨的鳥,你們都可以吃。 12 不可吃的乃是:鵰,狗頭鵰,紅頭鵰, 13 鸇,小鷹,鷂鷹與其類, 14 烏鴉與其類, 15 鴕鳥,夜鷹,魚鷹,鷹與其類, 16 鸮鳥,貓頭鷹,角鴟, 17 鵜鶘,禿鵰,鸕鶿, 18 鸛,鷺鷥與其類,戴鵀與蝙蝠。 19 凡有翅膀爬行的物是於你們不潔淨,都不可吃。 20 凡潔淨的鳥,你們都可以吃。

21 「凡自死的,你們都不可吃,可以給你城裡寄居的吃,或賣於外人吃,因為你是歸耶和華你神為聖潔的民。不可用山羊羔母的奶煮山羊羔。

22 「你要把你撒種所產的,就是你田地每年所出的,十分取一分; 23 又要把你的五穀、新酒和油的十分之一,並牛群、羊群中頭生的,吃在耶和華你神面前,就是他所選擇要立為他名的居所。這樣,你可以學習時常敬畏耶和華你的神。 24 當耶和華你神賜福於你的時候,耶和華你神所選擇要立為他名的地方若離你太遠,那路也太長,使你不能把這物帶到那裡去, 25 你就可以換成銀子,將銀子包起來,拿在手中,往耶和華你神所要選擇的地方去。 26 你用這銀子,隨心所欲,或買牛羊,或買清酒濃酒,凡你心所想的都可以買。你和你的家屬在耶和華你神的面前吃喝快樂。 27 住在你城裡的利未人,你不可丟棄他,因為他在你們中間無份無業。

28 「每逢三年的末一年,你要將本年的土產十分之一都取出來,積存在你的城中。 29 在你城裡無份無業的利未人,和你城裡寄居的,並孤兒寡婦,都可以來,吃得飽足。這樣,耶和華你的神必在你手裡所辦的一切事上賜福於你。

做圣洁的子民

14 “你们是你们上帝耶和华的儿女,不可为死人割伤自己或剃光前额。 因为你们是属于你们的上帝耶和华的圣洁子民,祂从天下万族中拣选你们作祂宝贵的产业。

“你们不可吃任何可憎之物。 但你们可以吃牛、绵羊、山羊、 鹿、瞪羚、野山羊、野绵羊和羚羊。 凡蹄子分瓣且反刍的动物,你们都可以吃。 在那些只是反刍或只是蹄子分瓣的动物中,你们不可吃骆驼、野兔和獾,因为它们反刍但蹄子不分瓣,是不洁净的。 你们也不可吃猪,因为猪虽蹄子分瓣但不反刍,是不洁净的。你们不可吃这些动物的肉,也不可摸它们的尸体。

“水族中,凡有鳞和鳍的,你们都可以吃。 10 凡无鳞和鳍的都不洁净,你们不可吃。

11 “你们可以吃洁净的鸟类。 12 不可吃的鸟类有雕、胡兀鹫、黑秃鹫、 13 鸢、隼类、 14 乌鸦类、 15 驼鸟、夜鹰、海鸥、鹰类、 16 小鸮、大鸮、仓鸮、 17 鹈鹕、鱼鹰、鸬鹚、 18 鹳、鹭鸟类、戴胜和蝙蝠。

19 “凡有翅膀、会爬的昆虫都不洁净,你们不可吃。 20 凡有翅膀的洁净之物,你们都可以吃。

21 “你们不可吃死掉的动物,但可以送给或卖给住在你们城里的外族人吃。因为你们属于你们的上帝耶和华,是圣洁的民族。你们不可用母山羊的奶煮它的羊羔。

十一奉献

22 “你们每年要献出收成的十分之一; 23 要在你们的上帝耶和华选定的敬拜场所,在祂面前吃所献的十分之一的谷物、新酒、油以及头生的牛羊。这是为了让你们学习一生敬畏你们的上帝耶和华。 24 如果你们的上帝耶和华赐福你们,使你们丰收,而你们住的地方离祂选定的敬拜场所太远,以致不能把收成的十分之一送去, 25 就可以把那些收成换成银钱带去。 26 在那里,你们可以随意买牛、羊、淡酒或烈酒,然后一家人在你们的上帝耶和华面前吃喝快乐。 27 不可忘记住在你们城里的利未人,因为利未人没有分到土地作产业。

28 “每逢第三年末,你们要把那年所有出产的十分之一拿出来,存放在你们的城里, 29 让你们城中没有土地的利未人、寄居者和孤儿寡妇都可以来吃饱。这样,你们的上帝耶和华必使你们凡事蒙福。

做聖潔的子民

14 「你們是你們上帝耶和華的兒女,不可為死人割傷自己或剃光前額。 因為你們是屬於你們的上帝耶和華的聖潔子民,祂從天下萬族中揀選你們作祂寶貴的產業。

「你們不可吃任何可憎之物。 但你們可以吃牛、綿羊、山羊、 鹿、瞪羚、野山羊、野綿羊和羚羊。 凡蹄子分瓣且反芻的動物,你們都可以吃。 在那些只是反芻或只是蹄子分瓣的動物中,你們不可吃駱駝、野兔和獾,因為牠們反芻但蹄子不分瓣,是不潔淨的。 你們也不可吃豬,因為豬雖蹄子分瓣但不反芻,是不潔淨的。你們不可吃這些動物的肉,也不可摸牠們的屍體。

「水族中,凡有鱗和鰭的,你們都可以吃。 10 凡無鱗和鰭的都不潔淨,你們不可吃。

11 「你們可以吃潔淨的鳥類。 12 不可吃的鳥類有鵰、胡兀鷲、黑禿鷲、 13 鳶、隼類、 14 烏鴉類、 15 駝鳥、夜鷹、海鷗、鷹類、 16 小鴞、大鴞、倉鴞、 17 鵜鶘、魚鷹、鸕鷀、 18 鸛、鷺鳥類、戴鵀和蝙蝠。

19 「凡有翅膀、會爬的昆蟲都不潔淨,你們不可吃。 20 凡有翅膀的潔淨之物,你們都可以吃。

21 「你們不可吃死掉的動物,但可以送給或賣給住在你們城裡的外族人吃。因為你們屬於你們的上帝耶和華,是聖潔的民族。你們不可用母山羊的奶煮牠的羊羔。

十一奉獻

22 「你們每年要獻出收成的十分之一; 23 要在你們的上帝耶和華選定的敬拜場所,在祂面前吃所獻的十分之一的穀物、新酒、油以及頭生的牛羊。這是為了讓你們學習一生敬畏你們的上帝耶和華。 24 如果你們的上帝耶和華賜福你們,使你們豐收,而你們住的地方離祂選定的敬拜場所太遠,以致不能把收成的十分之一送去, 25 就可以把那些收成換成銀錢帶去。 26 在那裡,你們可以隨意買牛、羊、淡酒或烈酒,然後一家人在你們的上帝耶和華面前吃喝快樂。 27 不可忘記住在你們城裡的利未人,因為利未人沒有分到土地作產業。

28 「每逢第三年末,你們要把那年所有出產的十分之一拿出來,存放在你們的城裡, 29 讓你們城中沒有土地的利未人、寄居者和孤兒寡婦都可以來吃飽。這樣,你們的上帝耶和華必使你們凡事蒙福。

14 ¶ Ye are the sons of the LORD your God: ye shall not cut yourselves nor make any baldness over your eyes for the dead.

For thou art a holy people unto the LORD thy God, and the LORD has chosen thee to be a unique people unto himself from among all the peoples that are upon the face of the earth.

Thou shalt not eat any abominable thing.

These are the animals which ye shall eat: the ox, the sheep, and the goat,

the hart and the roebuck and the buffalo and the wild goat and the unicorn (rhinoceros) and the wild ox and the mountain goat,

and every animal that parts the hoof and cleaves the cleft into two claws and chews the cud among the beasts that ye shall eat.

Nevertheless these ye shall not eat of those that chew the cud or of those that divide the cloven hoof: the camel and the hare and the coney, for they chew the cud, but do not divide the hoof; therefore they are unclean unto you;

and the swine, because it divides the hoof, yet does not chew the cud, it is unclean unto you. Ye shall not eat of their flesh nor touch their dead carcase.

These ye shall eat of all that are in the waters: all that have fins and scales shall ye eat,

10 but whatever does not have fins and scales ye may not eat; it is unclean unto you.

11 Of all clean birds ye shall eat.

12 But these are they of which ye shall not eat: the eagle and the ossifrage and the ospray

13 and the glede and the kite and the vulture after his kind

14 and every raven after his kind

15 and the owl and the night hawk and the cuckow and the hawk after his kind

16 the little owl and the great owl and the swan

17 and the pelican and the gier eagle and the cormorant

18 and the stork and the heron after her kind and the lapwing and the bat.

19 And every serpent that flies shall be unclean unto you; they shall not be eaten.

20 But of all clean fowls ye may eat.

21 Ye shall not eat of any thing that died of itself; thou shalt give it unto the stranger that is in thy gates that he may eat it, or thou may sell it unto an alien; for thou art a holy people unto the LORD thy God. Thou shalt not cook a kid in his mother’s milk.

22 ¶ Thou shalt without fail tithe all the increase of thy seed that thy field brings forth each year.

23 And thou shalt eat before the LORD thy God in the place which he shall choose for his name to dwell, the tithe of thy grain, of thy wine, and of thine oil, and the firstborn of thy cows and of thy sheep, that thou may learn to fear the LORD thy God always.

24 And if the way is too long for thee, so that thou art not able to carry it, or if the place is too far from thee, which the LORD thy God shall choose to set his name there, when the LORD thy God has blessed thee,

25 then shalt thou sell it for money and bind up the money in thy hand and shalt go unto the place which the LORD thy God shall choose;

26 and thou shalt give that money for whatever thy soul desires, for cows or for sheep or for wine or for strong drink or for whatever thy soul desires; and thou shalt eat there before the LORD thy God, and thou shalt rejoice, thou and thine household.

27 And thou shalt not forsake the Levite that dwells within thy gates, for he has no part nor inheritance with thee.

28 At the end of three years thou shalt bring forth all the tithe of thine increase the same year and shalt lay it up within thy gates.

29 And the Levite, who has no part nor inheritance with thee, and the stranger and the fatherless and the widow who are within thy gates, shall come and shall eat and be satisfied, that the LORD thy God may bless thee in all the work of thy hands which thou doest.

14 “You are children[a] of Yahweh your God; therefore you must not gash[b] yourself, and you must not make your forehead bald[c] for the dead. For you are a people holy to Yahweh your God, and you Yahweh has chosen to be a treasured possession from among all of the peoples that are on the surface[d] of the earth.

You shall not eat any detestable thing. These are the animals you may eat: ox, sheep, goats,[e] deer, gazelle, roebuck, wild goat, ibex, antelope, and mountain sheep. And any animal having a split hoof[f] and so a dividing of the hoof into two parts[g] and that chews the cud[h] among the animals[i]—that animal you may eat. Only these you may not eat from those chewing the cud[j] and from those having a division of the hoof:[k] the camel and the hare and the coney, because they chew the cud,[l] but they do not divide the hoof; they are therefore unclean for you. And also the pig because it has a division of the hoof[m] but does not chew the cud;[n] it is unclean for you; from their meat you shall not eat, and you shall not touch their carcasses.[o]

“This is what you shall eat from all that is in the water: everything[p] that has fins and scales[q] you may eat. 10 But anything that does not have[r] fins and scales, you may not eat, for it is unclean for you.

11 “All of the birds that are clean you may eat. 12 Now these are the ones you shall not eat any of them:[s] the eagle and the vulture and the short-toed eagle,[t] 13 and the red kite[u] and the black kite or any kind of falcon,[v] 14 and any kind of crow[w] according to its kind, 15 and the ostrich[x] and the short-eared owl and the seagull[y] and the hawk according to its kind, 16 the little owl and the great owl and the barn owl,[z] 17 and the desert owl[aa] and the carrion vulture[ab] and the cormorant,[ac] 18 and the stork and the heron according to its kind and the hoopoe and the bat. 19 And also all of the winged insects;[ad] they are unclean for you; you shall not eat them. 20 You may eat any clean bird.

21 “You shall not eat any carcass;[ae] you may give it to the alien who is in your towns,[af] and he may eat it, or you may sell it to a foreigner, for you are a holy people for Yahweh your God; you may not boil a kid in its mother’s milk.

22 “Certainly you must give a tithe of all the yield of your seed, which comes forth from your field year after year.[ag] 23 And you shall eat before[ah] Yahweh your God in the place that he will choose to make to dwell his name there the tithe of your grain, your wine and your olive oil and the firstling of your herd and your flock, so that you may learn to revere Yahweh your God always.[ai] 24 But if the distance is too great for you,[aj] so that you are not able to transport[ak] it, because the place that Yahweh your God will choose to set his name there, it is too far from you, when Yahweh your God will bless you, 25 then in that case you may exchange for money,[al] and you shall take[am] the money to your hand and go to the place that Yahweh your God will choose. 26 You may spend the money for anything that you desire,[an] for oxen or for sheep or for wine or for strong drink or for anything that you desire,[ao] and you shall eat it there before[ap] Yahweh your God, and you shall rejoice, you and your household. 27 And as to the Levite who is in your towns,[aq] you shall not neglect him, because there is not a plot of ground for him and an inheritance along with you.

28 “At the end of three years you shall bring out all of the tithe of your yield for that year, and you shall store it in your towns.[ar] 29 And so the Levite may come, because there is no plot of ground for him or an inheritance with you, and the alien also may come and the orphan and the widow that are in your towns,[as] and they may eat their fill,[at] so that Yahweh your God may bless you in all of the work of your hand that you undertake.”

Footnotes

  1. Deuteronomy 14:1 Or “sons”
  2. Deuteronomy 14:1 Or “cut”
  3. Deuteronomy 14:1 Literally “you shall not make/place baldness between your eyes”
  4. Deuteronomy 14:2 Or “face”
  5. Deuteronomy 14:4 Literally “small livestock of the sheep and a small livestock of the goats”
  6. Deuteronomy 14:6 Or “divides the hoof”
  7. Deuteronomy 14:6 Literally “a dividing cleft creating two hoofs”
  8. Deuteronomy 14:6 Literally “and that brings up the cud”
  9. Deuteronomy 14:6 Hebrew “animal”
  10. Deuteronomy 14:7 Literally “bringing up the cud”
  11. Deuteronomy 14:7 Literally “those having a division of the hoof divided”
  12. Deuteronomy 14:7 Literally “they bringing up of the cud”
  13. Deuteronomy 14:8 Literally “because a division of the hoof”
  14. Deuteronomy 14:8 Literally “but not a chewing cud”
  15. Deuteronomy 14:8 Literally “dead body”
  16. Deuteronomy 14:9 Literally “all of that”
  17. Deuteronomy 14:9 Literally “for it is fins and scales,” showing possession of these features
  18. Deuteronomy 14:10 Literally “all of that there is not for it,” showing lack of possession of these features
  19. Deuteronomy 14:12 Literally “from them”
  20. Deuteronomy 14:12 This list of birds is difficult to translate since the terms are not definitely known: e.g., some translations render the last bird as a “buzzard” (NASV); other translations give different names for all three: griffon vulture, black vulture, bearded vulture (NEB)
  21. Deuteronomy 14:13 Various options are available: large bird, kite, red kite, glede, buzzard
  22. Deuteronomy 14:13 Literally “or the falcon according to its kind”; other options for falcon: bird, falcon, kite (others as carrion-bird), vulture, crow or raven, buzzard
  23. Deuteronomy 14:14 Or others translate as “raven”
  24. Deuteronomy 14:15 Literally “daughter of the ostrich”; others “desert owl”
  25. Deuteronomy 14:15 Or “long-eared owl”
  26. Deuteronomy 14:16 Or “white owl”
  27. Deuteronomy 14:17 Or “large bird” or “horned-owl”
  28. Deuteronomy 14:17 Or “large bird”
  29. Deuteronomy 14:17 Or “large bird,” or “fisher-owl”
  30. Deuteronomy 14:19 Literally “the swarmers of the flyers” or “all the swarms of things that fly”
  31. Deuteronomy 14:21 Or “corpse”
  32. Deuteronomy 14:21 Literally “gates”
  33. Deuteronomy 14:22 Literally “the going forth of the field year by year”
  34. Deuteronomy 14:23 Literally “before the faces of”
  35. Deuteronomy 14:23 Literally “all of the days”
  36. Deuteronomy 14:24 Literally “it is great from you the journey that”
  37. Deuteronomy 14:24 Or “carry”
  38. Deuteronomy 14:25 Literally “you may give it in for the money/silver”
  39. Deuteronomy 14:25 Or “bind”
  40. Deuteronomy 14:26 Literally “that your soul/inner self desires”
  41. Deuteronomy 14:26 Literally “that your soul/inner self desires”
  42. Deuteronomy 14:26 Literally “to the face of”
  43. Deuteronomy 14:27 Literally “gates”
  44. Deuteronomy 14:28 Literally “gates”
  45. Deuteronomy 14:29 Literally “gates”
  46. Deuteronomy 14:29 Literally “they may eat and they may be satisfied”