利未人分到的城邑

35 在耶利哥對面、約旦河邊的摩押平原,耶和華對摩西說: 「你告訴以色列人,要從分得的產業中把一些城邑及其周圍的草場分給利未人。 城邑供他們居住,草場供他們牧放牛羊等牲畜。 劃分給利未人的草場是從城牆往外延伸四百五十米[a] 要以城為中心,東南西北四郊每邊向外量九百米作利未人的草場。 要分給利未人四十二座城邑,另外再加六座供誤殺人者躲避的避難城, 共四十八座城邑,包括城周圍的草場。 以色列各支派要從自己承受的產業中分一些城邑給利未人,人多的支派多給,人少的支派少給。」

避難城

耶和華對摩西說: 10 「告訴以色列人,『你們過了約旦河進入迦南以後, 11 要選一些城邑作為避難城,供誤殺人者逃去避難, 12 躲避復仇的人,以免誤殺人者未在會眾面前受審便被殺死。 13 你們要選六座城作為避難城, 14 三座在約旦河東岸,三座在迦南。 15 凡誤殺人的,無論是以色列人還是寄居的外族人,都可以逃到這些城避難。

16 「『倘若有人用鐵器打人致死,他就是故意殺人,必須被處死。 17 倘若有人用足以致命的石頭打人致死,他就是故意殺人,必須被處死。 18 倘若有人用足以致命的木器打人致死,他就是故意殺人,必須被處死。 19 報仇的人要親自處死故意殺人者,一找到他就要處死他。 20 倘若有人因怨恨把人推倒致死,或故意扔東西砸人致死, 21 或因仇恨徒手傷人致死,他就是故意殺人,必須被處死,報仇的人一找到他就要處死他。

22 「『倘若有人並非懷恨而是偶然推倒人致死,或無意間扔東西砸人致死, 23 或因沒有看見而扔石頭砸人致死,鑒於他與對方並非仇人,只是誤殺, 24 會眾就要照這些律例在誤殺人者與復仇者之間做出判決。 25 會眾要把誤殺人者從復仇者手裡救出來,讓他回到他原先逃往的避難城。他要住在那裡,一直住到受聖油膏立的大祭司逝世。 26 但倘若誤殺人者離開避難城, 27 復仇者在城外找到他,將他殺死也不用擔血債。 28 因為誤殺人者必須留在避難城內,等到大祭司逝世之後,才可返回家園。 29 這是你們世世代代無論住在哪裡都要遵守的律例。

30 「『倘若有人被控謀殺,必須有幾個人作證才可以處死他,不可憑一個人的證詞處死他。 31 犯了死罪的殺人兇手必須償命,不可讓他付贖金免死。 32 不可收逃進避難城之人的贖金,讓他在大祭司逝世前返回家園。 33 這樣,你們就不致玷污你們所居住的土地,因為血會玷污土地。除非用兇手的血作抵償,否則被血玷污的土地無法得到潔淨。 34 不可玷污你們所居住的土地,因為這是我居住的地方,我耶和華住在以色列人中間。』」

Footnotes

  1. 35·4 四百五十米」七十士譯本為「九百一十米」。

利未人的城

35 耶和华在耶利哥对面,约旦河边的摩押平原,对摩西说: “你要吩咐以色列人,叫他们从所得为业的地中,把一些城给利未人居住,也把这些城周围的郊区给利未人。 这些城要归他们居住,城的郊区可以牧放他们的牛羊和一切牲畜,也可以存放他们的财物。

“你们给利未人的城郊,要从城墙起,周围向外量四百五十公尺。 你们又要从城外,向东面量九百公尺,向南面量九百公尺,向西面量九百公尺,向北面量九百公尺,城在中间;这要归给他们作城外的郊区。 你们分给利未人的城,其中要有六座避难城,让误杀人的可以逃到那里去,此外还要给他们四十二座城。 这样,你们所要给利未人的城,共为四十八座,连城带城郊都要给他们。 从以色列人所得的地业中,你们要把一些城给利未人,人多的就要多给,人少的就要少给;每个支派要照着自己承受的产业,把城分给利未人。”

避难城(A)

耶和华对摩西说: 10 “你要吩咐以色列人说:‘你们过约旦河,进到迦南地的时候, 11 就要选择几座城,给你们作避难城,让误杀人的,就是无心杀死人的,可以逃到那里。 12 它们可以作你们逃避报仇者的避难城,使误杀人的不至于死,直到他站在会众面前受审判。 13 你们指定的城,要给你们作六座避难城。 14 在约旦河东面,你们要分出三座城;在迦南地,你们也要分出三座城,都要作避难城。 15 这六座城要给以色列人和外族人,以及他们中间居住的人作避难城,使无心杀人的人,都可以逃到那里去。

16 “‘如果人用铁器打人,以致把人打死,他就是故意杀人的;故意杀人的必被处死。 17 如果人手里拿着可以打死人的石头打人,以致把人打死,他就是故意杀人的;故意杀人的必被处死。 18 如果人手里拿着可以打死人的木器打人,以致把人打死,他就是故意杀人的;故意杀人的必被处死。 19 报血仇的,要亲自把那故意杀人的杀死;一遇见他,就可以杀死他。 20 如果人因怀恨把人推倒,或是埋伏着向人扔东西,以致把人打死; 21 或者因仇恨用手打人,以致把人打死;那打人的,必被处死,因为他是故意杀人的;报血仇的一遇见凶手,就可以杀死他。

22 “‘但是,如果人没有仇恨,忽然把人推倒,或是无意向人投掷甚么器皿, 23 或是因为没有看见,用任何可以打死人的石头,扔在人身上,以致把人打死,他本来与他无仇,也无意害他; 24 这样,会众就要照着典章,在打死人的和报血仇的人中间施行裁判。 25 会众要把误杀人的,从报血仇的人手中救出来;把他送回他所逃到的避难城去,他要住在那里,直到受圣膏的大祭司死了。 26 但误杀人的,若是出了他逃进的避难城的境界, 27 报血仇的在避难城境外遇着他,把他杀了,报血仇的就没有犯流人血的罪。 28 因为那误杀人的应该住在避难城中,直到大祭司死了;大祭司死了以后,那误杀人的才可以回到他自己地业去。

29 “‘这在你们一切居住的地方,要作你们世世代代的律例典章。 30 杀人的,要凭着几个见证人的口供,才可以把他处死;如果只有一个见证人,就不能指证把人处死。 31 犯了死罪,故意杀人的,你们不可收取赎价代他赎命,因为他必被处死。 32 逃到避难城的人,你们也不可收取他的赎价,使他在大祭司未死以前回到本地居住。 33 这样,你们就没有玷污你们所在之地,因为血能玷污地;在地上如果有流人血的,除非流那故意杀人者的血,那地的血就不能得赎。 34 你们不可玷污你所住的地,就是我居住的地,因为我耶和华是居住在以色列人中间的。’”

Towns for the Levites

35 On the plains of Moab by the Jordan across from Jericho,(A) the Lord said to Moses, “Command the Israelites to give the Levites towns to live in(B) from the inheritance the Israelites will possess. And give them pasturelands(C) around the towns. Then they will have towns to live in and pasturelands for the cattle they own and all their other animals.(D)

“The pasturelands around the towns that you give the Levites will extend a thousand cubits[a] from the town wall. Outside the town, measure two thousand cubits[b](E) on the east side, two thousand on the south side, two thousand on the west and two thousand on the north, with the town in the center. They will have this area as pastureland for the towns.(F)

Cities of Refuge(G)

“Six of the towns you give the Levites will be cities of refuge, to which a person who has killed someone may flee.(H) In addition, give them forty-two other towns. In all you must give the Levites forty-eight towns, together with their pasturelands. The towns you give the Levites from the land the Israelites possess are to be given in proportion to the inheritance of each tribe: Take many towns from a tribe that has many, but few from one that has few.”(I)

Then the Lord said to Moses: 10 “Speak to the Israelites and say to them: ‘When you cross the Jordan into Canaan,(J) 11 select some towns to be your cities of refuge, to which a person who has killed someone(K) accidentally(L) may flee. 12 They will be places of refuge from the avenger,(M) so that anyone accused of murder(N) may not die before they stand trial before the assembly.(O) 13 These six towns you give will be your cities of refuge.(P) 14 Give three on this side of the Jordan and three in Canaan as cities of refuge. 15 These six towns will be a place of refuge for Israelites and for foreigners residing among them, so that anyone who has killed another accidentally can flee there.

16 “‘If anyone strikes someone a fatal blow with an iron object, that person is a murderer; the murderer is to be put to death.(Q) 17 Or if anyone is holding a stone and strikes someone a fatal blow with it, that person is a murderer; the murderer is to be put to death. 18 Or if anyone is holding a wooden object and strikes someone a fatal blow with it, that person is a murderer; the murderer is to be put to death. 19 The avenger of blood(R) shall put the murderer to death; when the avenger comes upon the murderer, the avenger shall put the murderer to death.(S) 20 If anyone with malice aforethought shoves another or throws something at them intentionally(T) so that they die 21 or if out of enmity one person hits another with their fist so that the other dies, that person is to be put to death;(U) that person is a murderer. The avenger of blood(V) shall put the murderer to death when they meet.

22 “‘But if without enmity someone suddenly pushes another or throws something at them unintentionally(W) 23 or, without seeing them, drops on them a stone heavy enough to kill them, and they die, then since that other person was not an enemy and no harm was intended, 24 the assembly(X) must judge between the accused and the avenger of blood according to these regulations. 25 The assembly must protect the one accused of murder from the avenger of blood and send the accused back to the city of refuge to which they fled. The accused must stay there until the death of the high priest,(Y) who was anointed(Z) with the holy oil.(AA)

26 “‘But if the accused ever goes outside the limits of the city of refuge to which they fled 27 and the avenger of blood finds them outside the city, the avenger of blood may kill the accused without being guilty of murder. 28 The accused must stay in the city of refuge until the death of the high priest; only after the death of the high priest may they return to their own property.

29 “‘This is to have the force of law(AB) for you throughout the generations to come,(AC) wherever you live.(AD)

30 “‘Anyone who kills a person is to be put to death as a murderer only on the testimony of witnesses. But no one is to be put to death on the testimony of only one witness.(AE)

31 “‘Do not accept a ransom(AF) for the life of a murderer, who deserves to die. They are to be put to death.

32 “‘Do not accept a ransom for anyone who has fled to a city of refuge and so allow them to go back and live on their own land before the death of the high priest.

33 “‘Do not pollute the land where you are. Bloodshed pollutes the land,(AG) and atonement cannot be made for the land on which blood has been shed, except by the blood of the one who shed it. 34 Do not defile the land(AH) where you live and where I dwell,(AI) for I, the Lord, dwell among the Israelites.’”

Footnotes

  1. Numbers 35:4 That is, about 1,500 feet or about 450 meters
  2. Numbers 35:5 That is, about 3,000 feet or about 900 meters

35 And the Lord spake unto Moses in the plains of Moab by Jordan near Jericho, saying,

Command the children of Israel, that they give unto the Levites of the inheritance of their possession cities to dwell in; and ye shall give also unto the Levites suburbs for the cities round about them.

And the cities shall they have to dwell in; and the suburbs of them shall be for their cattle, and for their goods, and for all their beasts.

And the suburbs of the cities, which ye shall give unto the Levites, shall reach from the wall of the city and outward a thousand cubits round about.

And ye shall measure from without the city on the east side two thousand cubits, and on the south side two thousand cubits, and on the west side two thousand cubits, and on the north side two thousand cubits; and the city shall be in the midst: this shall be to them the suburbs of the cities.

And among the cities which ye shall give unto the Levites there shall be six cities for refuge, which ye shall appoint for the manslayer, that he may flee thither: and to them ye shall add forty and two cities.

So all the cities which ye shall give to the Levites shall be forty and eight cities: them shall ye give with their suburbs.

And the cities which ye shall give shall be of the possession of the children of Israel: from them that have many ye shall give many; but from them that have few ye shall give few: every one shall give of his cities unto the Levites according to his inheritance which he inheriteth.

And the Lord spake unto Moses, saying,

10 Speak unto the children of Israel, and say unto them, When ye be come over Jordan into the land of Canaan;

11 Then ye shall appoint you cities to be cities of refuge for you; that the slayer may flee thither, which killeth any person at unawares.

12 And they shall be unto you cities for refuge from the avenger; that the manslayer die not, until he stand before the congregation in judgment.

13 And of these cities which ye shall give six cities shall ye have for refuge.

14 Ye shall give three cities on this side Jordan, and three cities shall ye give in the land of Canaan, which shall be cities of refuge.

15 These six cities shall be a refuge, both for the children of Israel, and for the stranger, and for the sojourner among them: that every one that killeth any person unawares may flee thither.

16 And if he smite him with an instrument of iron, so that he die, he is a murderer: the murderer shall surely be put to death.

17 And if he smite him with throwing a stone, wherewith he may die, and he die, he is a murderer: the murderer shall surely be put to death.

18 Or if he smite him with an hand weapon of wood, wherewith he may die, and he die, he is a murderer: the murderer shall surely be put to death.

19 The revenger of blood himself shall slay the murderer: when he meeteth him, he shall slay him.

20 But if he thrust him of hatred, or hurl at him by laying of wait, that he die;

21 Or in enmity smite him with his hand, that he die: he that smote him shall surely be put to death; for he is a murderer: the revenger of blood shall slay the murderer, when he meeteth him.

22 But if he thrust him suddenly without enmity, or have cast upon him any thing without laying of wait,

23 Or with any stone, wherewith a man may die, seeing him not, and cast it upon him, that he die, and was not his enemy, neither sought his harm:

24 Then the congregation shall judge between the slayer and the revenger of blood according to these judgments:

25 And the congregation shall deliver the slayer out of the hand of the revenger of blood, and the congregation shall restore him to the city of his refuge, whither he was fled: and he shall abide in it unto the death of the high priest, which was anointed with the holy oil.

26 But if the slayer shall at any time come without the border of the city of his refuge, whither he was fled;

27 And the revenger of blood find him without the borders of the city of his refuge, and the revenger of blood kill the slayer; he shall not be guilty of blood:

28 Because he should have remained in the city of his refuge until the death of the high priest: but after the death of the high priest the slayer shall return into the land of his possession.

29 So these things shall be for a statute of judgment unto you throughout your generations in all your dwellings.

30 Whoso killeth any person, the murderer shall be put to death by the mouth of witnesses: but one witness shall not testify against any person to cause him to die.

31 Moreover ye shall take no satisfaction for the life of a murderer, which is guilty of death: but he shall be surely put to death.

32 And ye shall take no satisfaction for him that is fled to the city of his refuge, that he should come again to dwell in the land, until the death of the priest.

33 So ye shall not pollute the land wherein ye are: for blood it defileth the land: and the land cannot be cleansed of the blood that is shed therein, but by the blood of him that shed it.

34 Defile not therefore the land which ye shall inhabit, wherein I dwell: for I the Lord dwell among the children of Israel.