以色列的第一次人口统计

以色列人离开埃及后第二年的二月一日,耶和华在西奈旷野的会幕中对摩西说: “你要按以色列人的宗族和家系统计人口,登记所有男子的姓名。 你和亚伦要一队一队地统计以色列人中二十岁以上、有作战能力的男子。 每一支派要有一个人来协助你们。他们都是各宗族的族长, 名单如下。

“吕便支派示丢珥的儿子以利苏、 西缅支派苏利沙代的儿子示路蔑、 犹大支派亚米拿达的儿子拿顺、 以萨迦支派苏押的儿子拿坦业、 西布伦支派希伦的儿子以利押、 10 约瑟的后裔——以法莲支派亚米忽的儿子以利沙玛和玛拿西支派比大苏的儿子迦玛列、 11 便雅悯支派基多尼的儿子亚比但、 12 但支派亚米沙代的儿子亚希以谢、 13 亚设支派俄兰的儿子帕结、 14 迦得支派丢珥的儿子以利雅萨、 15 拿弗他利支派以南的儿子亚希拉。”

16 他们都是从会众中选出来的,是各支派的首领,也是以色列的将领。

17 摩西和亚伦在这些族长的帮助下, 18 在二月一日招聚全体会众,按照宗族和家系统计人口,登记所有二十岁以上的男子。 19 摩西照耶和华的吩咐在西奈旷野统计人口。

20-21 以色列的长子吕便支派中,二十岁以上、有作战能力的男子按宗族、家系和姓名一一被登记下来,共有四万六千五百人。

22-23 西缅支派中,二十岁以上、有作战能力的男子按宗族、家系和姓名一一被登记下来,共有五万九千三百人。

24-25 迦得支派中,二十岁以上、有作战能力的男子按宗族、家系和姓名一一被登记下来,共有四万五千六百五十人。

26-27 犹大支派中,二十岁以上、有作战能力的男子按宗族、家系和姓名一一被登记下来,共有七万四千六百人。

28-29 以萨迦支派中,二十岁以上、有作战能力的男子按宗族、家系和姓名一一被登记下来,共有五万四千四百人。

30-31 西布伦支派中,二十岁以上、有作战能力的男子按宗族、家系和姓名一一被登记下来,共有五万七千四百人。

32-33 约瑟的后裔中,以法莲支派中,二十岁以上、有作战能力的男子按宗族、家系和姓名一一被登记下来,共有四万零五百人。

34-35 玛拿西支派中,二十岁以上、有作战能力的男子按宗族、家系和姓名一一被登记下来,共有三万二千二百人。

36-37 便雅悯支派中,二十岁以上、有作战能力的男子按宗族、家系和姓名一一被登记下来,共有三万五千四百人。

38-39 但支派中,二十岁以上、有作战能力的男子按宗族、家系和姓名一一被登记下来,共有六万二千七百人。

40-41 亚设支派中,二十岁以上、有作战能力的男子按宗族、家系和姓名一一被登记下来,共有四万一千五百人。

42-43 拿弗他利支派中,二十岁以上、有作战能力的男子按宗族、家系和姓名一一被登记下来,共有五万三千四百人。

44 以上就是摩西、亚伦和各代表自己家族的十二位以色列首领所统计的男子人数。 45 这样,以色列人中二十岁以上、有作战能力的男子按宗族、家系和姓名一一被登记下来, 46 共有六十万零三千五百五十人。 47 其中不包括利未人, 48 因为耶和华曾经对摩西说: 49 “你不要统计利未支派的人数,不要把他们的人数算在以色列人中。 50 你要派利未人负责搬运和照料放约柜的圣幕及其所有器具,他们要在圣幕四围扎营。 51 在迁移的时候,利未人要负责拆卸和支搭圣幕;其他人若走近圣幕,必被处死。 52 以色列人要按照他们的队伍各自扎营,各归本旗。 53 但利未人要在放约柜的圣幕四周扎营,防止以色列人触怒耶和华。利未人负责看守圣幕。” 54 以色列人就按耶和华对摩西的吩咐行了。

The People of Israel Are Counted

(A) The people of Israel had left Egypt and were living in the Sinai Desert. Then on the first day of the second month[a] of the second year, when Moses was in the sacred tent the Lord said:

2-3 I want you and Aaron to find out how many people are in each of Israel's clans and families. And make a list of all the men 20 years and older who are able to fight in battle. 4-15 The following twelve family leaders, one from each tribe, will help you:

Elizur son of Shedeur

from Reuben,

Shelumiel son of Zurishaddai

from Simeon,

Nahshon son of Amminadab

from Judah,

Nethanel son of Zuar

from Issachar,

Eliab son of Helon

from Zebulun,

Elishama son of Ammihud

from Ephraim,

Gamaliel son of Pedahzur

from Manasseh,

Abidan son of Gideoni

from Benjamin,

Ahiezer son of Ammishaddai

from Dan,

Pagiel son of Ochran

from Asher,

Eliasaph son of Deuel

from Gad,

and Ahira son of Enan

from Naphtali.

16-17 Moses and Aaron, together with these twelve tribal leaders, 18 called together the people that same day. They were counted according to their clans and families. Then Moses and the others listed the names of the men twenty years and older, 19 just as the Lord had commanded. 20-46 The number of men from each tribe who were at least 20 years old and strong enough to fight in Israel's army was as follows:

46,500 from Reuben,

the oldest son of Jacob,[b]

59,300 from Simeon,

45,650 from Gad,

74,600 from Judah,

54,400 from Issachar,

57,400 from Zebulun,

40,500 from Ephraim,

32,200 from Manasseh,

35,400 from Benjamin,

62,700 from Dan,

41,500 from Asher,

53,400 from Naphtali.

The total number of men registered by Moses, Aaron, and the twelve leaders was 603,550.

47 But those from the Levi tribe were not included 48 because the Lord had said to Moses:

49 When you count the Israelites, do not include those from the Levi tribe. 50-51 Instead, give them the job of caring for the sacred tent, its furnishings, and the objects used for worship. They will camp around the tent, and whenever you move, they will take it down, carry it to the new camp, and set it up again. Anyone else who tries to go near it must be put to death.

52 The rest of the Israelites will camp in their own groups and under their own banners. 53 But the Levites will camp around the sacred tent to make sure that no one goes near it and makes me furious with the Israelites.

54 The people of Israel did everything the Lord had commanded.

Footnotes

  1. 1.1 second month: Ziv, the second month of the Hebrew calendar, from about mid-April to mid-May.
  2. 1.20-46 Jacob: The Hebrew text has “Israel,” Jacob's name after God renamed him.