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利未人的城

35 耶和华在约旦河边,耶利哥对面的摩押平原吩咐摩西说: “你吩咐以色列人,要从所得为业的地中把一些城给利未人居住,也要把这些城四围的郊野给利未人。 这些城镇要归他们居住,郊外可以给他们牧放牛羊、牲畜和所有的动物。 你们给利未人城的郊外,要从城墙量起,四围往外量一千肘。 你们要往东量二千肘,往南量二千肘,往西量二千肘,往北量二千肘为边界,以城为中心;这城镇的郊外要归给他们。”

逃城的设立和条例(A)

“你们给利未人的城镇中,要设立六座逃城,让误杀人的可以逃到那里。此外还要给他们四十二座城。 所以,给利未人的城一共有四十八座,连同城的郊外都给他们。 以色列人所得的产业中给利未人的这些城镇,多的要多给,少的要少给;各支派要按照所承受为业之地的多少把城镇给利未人。”

耶和华吩咐摩西说: 10 “你要吩咐以色列人,对他们说:你们过了约旦河,进入迦南地, 11 要指定几座城,作为你们的逃城,使误杀人的可以逃到那里。 12 这些城要作为逃避报仇者的城,使误杀人的不至于死,等他站在会众面前受审判。

13 “你们指定的城,是要作你们的六座逃城。 14 约旦河东指定三座,迦南地也指定三座,作为逃城。 15 这六座城要给以色列人和他们中间的外人,以及寄居者,作为逃城,让误杀人的可以逃到那里。

16 “倘若人用铁器打死人,他是故意杀人的;故意杀人的必被处死。 17 若用手中可以致命的石头打死人,他是故意杀人的;故意杀人的必被处死。 18 若用手中可以致命的木器打死人,他是故意杀人的;故意杀人的必被处死。 19 报血仇者可以亲自杀死那故意杀人的;他一找到凶手,就可以杀死他。 20 人若因怨恨把人推倒,或埋伏等着丢东西砸人,以至于死, 21 或因仇恨用手打死人,打人的必被处死,他是故意杀人的;报血仇者一遇见凶手就可以杀死他。

22 “人若不是出于仇恨,把人推倒,或不是埋伏等着丢东西砸人, 23 或是在不注意的时候,用可以致命的石头扔在人身上,以至于死,彼此没有仇恨,也无意害对方, 24 会众就要照着这些典章,在杀人者和报血仇者中间审判。 25 会众要救这误杀人的脱离报血仇者的手,送他回到他曾逃入的逃城那里。他要住在城中,直到受圣膏的大祭司去世。 26 但误杀人的,无论什么时候,若离开了他所逃入的逃城边界, 27 报血仇者在逃城边界外遇见他,把凶手杀了,报血仇者就没有流人血之罪。 28 因为误杀人的应该住在逃城里,直到大祭司去世。大祭司去世以后,误杀人的才可以回到他所得为业之地。 29 在你们一切的住处,这些都要作为你们世世代代的律例典章。

30 “无论谁杀了人,必须凭几个证人的口,才可把那故意杀人的处死;只凭一个证人,不足以判人死。 31 那犯死罪的杀人犯,你们不可收赎价来代替他的命;他必须被处死。 32 那逃到逃城的人,你们不可向他收赎价,使他在大祭司未死以先回本地居住。 33 这样,你们就不会污秽所住之地,因为血能使地污秽;若有血流在地上,除非流那杀人者的血,否则那地就不得洁净。 34 你们不可玷污所住之地,就是我住在当中的地,因为我—耶和华住在以色列人中间。”

Ciudades para los levitas y ciudades de refugio

35 (A)El Señor habló a Moisés en las llanuras de Moab, junto al Jordán, frente a Jericó, diciendo: Manda a los hijos de Israel que de la herencia de su posesión den a los levitas ciudades en que puedan habitar; también daréis a los levitas tierras de pasto alrededor de las ciudades. Y las ciudades serán suyas para habitar; y sus tierras de pasto serán para sus animales, para sus ganados y para todas sus bestias(B).

Las tierras de pasto de las ciudades que daréis a los levitas se extenderán desde la muralla de la ciudad hacia afuera[a] mil codos[b] alrededor. Mediréis también afuera de la ciudad, al lado oriental dos mil codos, al lado sur dos mil codos, al lado occidental dos mil codos, y al lado norte dos mil codos, con la ciudad en el centro. Esto será de ellos como tierras de pasto para las ciudades. Las ciudades que daréis a los levitas serán las seis ciudades de refugio(C), las que daréis para que el homicida huya a ellas; además de ellas les daréis cuarenta y dos ciudades. Todas las ciudades que daréis a los levitas serán cuarenta y ocho ciudades(D), junto[c] con sus tierras de pasto. En cuanto a las ciudades que daréis de la posesión de los hijos de Israel, tomaréis más del más grande y tomaréis menos del más pequeño; cada uno dará algunas de sus ciudades a los levitas en proporción a la posesión que herede(E).

Luego el Señor habló a Moisés, diciendo: 10 (F)Habla a los hijos de Israel, y diles: «Cuando crucéis el Jordán a la tierra de Canaán, 11 escogeréis para vosotros ciudades para que sean vuestras ciudades de refugio(G), a fin de que pueda huir allí el homicida que haya matado[d] a alguna persona sin intención(H). 12 Las ciudades serán para vosotros como refugio del vengador, para que el homicida no muera hasta que comparezca delante de la congregación para juicio(I). 13 Las ciudades que daréis serán vuestras seis ciudades de refugio. 14 Daréis tres ciudades al otro lado del Jordán y tres ciudades(J) en[e] la tierra de Canaán; serán ciudades de refugio. 15 Estas seis ciudades serán por refugio para los hijos de Israel, y para el forastero y para el peregrino entre ellos, para que huya allí cualquiera que sin intención(K) mate[f] a una persona.

16 »Pero si lo hirió con un objeto de hierro, y murió, es un asesino; al asesino ciertamente se le dará muerte(L). 17 Y si lo hirió con una piedra en la mano, por la cual pueda morir, y muere[g], es un asesino; al asesino ciertamente se le dará muerte(M). 18 O si lo golpeó con un objeto de madera en la mano, por lo cual pueda morir, y muere[h], es un asesino; al asesino ciertamente se le dará muerte. 19 El vengador de sangre, él mismo dará muerte al asesino; le dará muerte cuando se encuentre con él. 20 Y si lo empujó con odio(N), o le arrojó algo mientras lo acechaba, y murió(O), 21 o si lo hirió con la mano en enemistad, y murió, al que lo hirió ciertamente se le dará muerte; es un asesino. El vengador de sangre dará muerte al asesino cuando se encuentre con él.

22 »Pero si lo empujó súbitamente sin enemistad, o le arrojó algo sin acecharlo(P), 23 o tiró cualquier piedra que pudo matarlo, y sin ver que le cayó encima, murió, no siendo su enemigo ni procurando herirlo, 24 entonces la congregación juzgará entre el homicida y el vengador de la sangre conforme a estas ordenanzas(Q). 25 Y la congregación librará al homicida de la mano del vengador de sangre, y la congregación lo restaurará a la ciudad de refugio a la cual huyó; y vivirá en ella hasta la muerte del sumo sacerdote que fue ungido con óleo santo. 26 Pero si el homicida sale en cualquier tiempo de los límites de la ciudad de refugio a la cual pudo huir, 27 y el vengador de sangre lo halla fuera de los límites de la ciudad de refugio, y el vengador de sangre mata al homicida, no será culpable de sangre, 28 porque el homicida debió haber permanecido en la ciudad de refugio hasta la muerte del sumo sacerdote. Pero después de la muerte del sumo sacerdote, el homicida volverá a su tierra[i].

29 »Estas cosas serán por norma de derecho(R) para vosotros por vuestras generaciones en todas vuestras moradas. 30 Si alguno mata a una persona, al asesino se le dará muerte(S) ante la evidencia[j] de testigos, pero a ninguna persona se le dará muerte por el testimonio de un solo testigo(T). 31 Además, no tomaréis rescate por la vida de un asesino que es culpable de muerte, sino que de cierto se le dará muerte; 32 y no tomaréis rescate por el que ha huido a la ciudad de refugio para que vuelva y habite en la tierra antes de[k] la muerte del sacerdote. 33 Así que no contaminaréis la tierra en que estáis; porque la sangre contamina la tierra(U), y no se puede hacer expiación por la tierra, por la sangre derramada en ella, excepto mediante la sangre del que la derramó(V). 34 Y no contaminaréis la tierra en que habitáis(W), en medio de la cual yo moro(X), pues yo, el Señor, habito en medio de los hijos de Israel».

Footnotes

  1. Números 35:4 Lit., y hacia
  2. Números 35:4 Un codo equivale aprox. a 45 cm.
  3. Números 35:7 Lit., ellas
  4. Números 35:11 Lit., herido
  5. Números 35:14 Lit., daréis en
  6. Números 35:15 Lit., hiera
  7. Números 35:17 Lit., murió
  8. Números 35:18 Lit., murió
  9. Números 35:28 Lit., la tierra de su posesión
  10. Números 35:30 Lit., boca
  11. Números 35:32 Lit., hasta

35 And the Lord spake unto Moses in the plains of Moab by Jordan near Jericho, saying,

Command the children of Israel, that they give unto the Levites of the inheritance of their possession cities to dwell in; and ye shall give also unto the Levites suburbs for the cities round about them.

And the cities shall they have to dwell in; and the suburbs of them shall be for their cattle, and for their goods, and for all their beasts.

And the suburbs of the cities, which ye shall give unto the Levites, shall reach from the wall of the city and outward a thousand cubits round about.

And ye shall measure from without the city on the east side two thousand cubits, and on the south side two thousand cubits, and on the west side two thousand cubits, and on the north side two thousand cubits; and the city shall be in the midst: this shall be to them the suburbs of the cities.

And among the cities which ye shall give unto the Levites there shall be six cities for refuge, which ye shall appoint for the manslayer, that he may flee thither: and to them ye shall add forty and two cities.

So all the cities which ye shall give to the Levites shall be forty and eight cities: them shall ye give with their suburbs.

And the cities which ye shall give shall be of the possession of the children of Israel: from them that have many ye shall give many; but from them that have few ye shall give few: every one shall give of his cities unto the Levites according to his inheritance which he inheriteth.

And the Lord spake unto Moses, saying,

10 Speak unto the children of Israel, and say unto them, When ye be come over Jordan into the land of Canaan;

11 Then ye shall appoint you cities to be cities of refuge for you; that the slayer may flee thither, which killeth any person at unawares.

12 And they shall be unto you cities for refuge from the avenger; that the manslayer die not, until he stand before the congregation in judgment.

13 And of these cities which ye shall give six cities shall ye have for refuge.

14 Ye shall give three cities on this side Jordan, and three cities shall ye give in the land of Canaan, which shall be cities of refuge.

15 These six cities shall be a refuge, both for the children of Israel, and for the stranger, and for the sojourner among them: that every one that killeth any person unawares may flee thither.

16 And if he smite him with an instrument of iron, so that he die, he is a murderer: the murderer shall surely be put to death.

17 And if he smite him with throwing a stone, wherewith he may die, and he die, he is a murderer: the murderer shall surely be put to death.

18 Or if he smite him with an hand weapon of wood, wherewith he may die, and he die, he is a murderer: the murderer shall surely be put to death.

19 The revenger of blood himself shall slay the murderer: when he meeteth him, he shall slay him.

20 But if he thrust him of hatred, or hurl at him by laying of wait, that he die;

21 Or in enmity smite him with his hand, that he die: he that smote him shall surely be put to death; for he is a murderer: the revenger of blood shall slay the murderer, when he meeteth him.

22 But if he thrust him suddenly without enmity, or have cast upon him any thing without laying of wait,

23 Or with any stone, wherewith a man may die, seeing him not, and cast it upon him, that he die, and was not his enemy, neither sought his harm:

24 Then the congregation shall judge between the slayer and the revenger of blood according to these judgments:

25 And the congregation shall deliver the slayer out of the hand of the revenger of blood, and the congregation shall restore him to the city of his refuge, whither he was fled: and he shall abide in it unto the death of the high priest, which was anointed with the holy oil.

26 But if the slayer shall at any time come without the border of the city of his refuge, whither he was fled;

27 And the revenger of blood find him without the borders of the city of his refuge, and the revenger of blood kill the slayer; he shall not be guilty of blood:

28 Because he should have remained in the city of his refuge until the death of the high priest: but after the death of the high priest the slayer shall return into the land of his possession.

29 So these things shall be for a statute of judgment unto you throughout your generations in all your dwellings.

30 Whoso killeth any person, the murderer shall be put to death by the mouth of witnesses: but one witness shall not testify against any person to cause him to die.

31 Moreover ye shall take no satisfaction for the life of a murderer, which is guilty of death: but he shall be surely put to death.

32 And ye shall take no satisfaction for him that is fled to the city of his refuge, that he should come again to dwell in the land, until the death of the priest.

33 So ye shall not pollute the land wherein ye are: for blood it defileth the land: and the land cannot be cleansed of the blood that is shed therein, but by the blood of him that shed it.

34 Defile not therefore the land which ye shall inhabit, wherein I dwell: for I the Lord dwell among the children of Israel.

Towns for the Levites

35 On the plains of Moab by the Jordan across from Jericho,(A) the Lord said to Moses, “Command the Israelites to give the Levites towns to live in(B) from the inheritance the Israelites will possess. And give them pasturelands(C) around the towns. Then they will have towns to live in and pasturelands for the cattle they own and all their other animals.(D)

“The pasturelands around the towns that you give the Levites will extend a thousand cubits[a] from the town wall. Outside the town, measure two thousand cubits[b](E) on the east side, two thousand on the south side, two thousand on the west and two thousand on the north, with the town in the center. They will have this area as pastureland for the towns.(F)

Cities of Refuge(G)

“Six of the towns you give the Levites will be cities of refuge, to which a person who has killed someone may flee.(H) In addition, give them forty-two other towns. In all you must give the Levites forty-eight towns, together with their pasturelands. The towns you give the Levites from the land the Israelites possess are to be given in proportion to the inheritance of each tribe: Take many towns from a tribe that has many, but few from one that has few.”(I)

Then the Lord said to Moses: 10 “Speak to the Israelites and say to them: ‘When you cross the Jordan into Canaan,(J) 11 select some towns to be your cities of refuge, to which a person who has killed someone(K) accidentally(L) may flee. 12 They will be places of refuge from the avenger,(M) so that anyone accused of murder(N) may not die before they stand trial before the assembly.(O) 13 These six towns you give will be your cities of refuge.(P) 14 Give three on this side of the Jordan and three in Canaan as cities of refuge. 15 These six towns will be a place of refuge for Israelites and for foreigners residing among them, so that anyone who has killed another accidentally can flee there.

16 “‘If anyone strikes someone a fatal blow with an iron object, that person is a murderer; the murderer is to be put to death.(Q) 17 Or if anyone is holding a stone and strikes someone a fatal blow with it, that person is a murderer; the murderer is to be put to death. 18 Or if anyone is holding a wooden object and strikes someone a fatal blow with it, that person is a murderer; the murderer is to be put to death. 19 The avenger of blood(R) shall put the murderer to death; when the avenger comes upon the murderer, the avenger shall put the murderer to death.(S) 20 If anyone with malice aforethought shoves another or throws something at them intentionally(T) so that they die 21 or if out of enmity one person hits another with their fist so that the other dies, that person is to be put to death;(U) that person is a murderer. The avenger of blood(V) shall put the murderer to death when they meet.

22 “‘But if without enmity someone suddenly pushes another or throws something at them unintentionally(W) 23 or, without seeing them, drops on them a stone heavy enough to kill them, and they die, then since that other person was not an enemy and no harm was intended, 24 the assembly(X) must judge between the accused and the avenger of blood according to these regulations. 25 The assembly must protect the one accused of murder from the avenger of blood and send the accused back to the city of refuge to which they fled. The accused must stay there until the death of the high priest,(Y) who was anointed(Z) with the holy oil.(AA)

26 “‘But if the accused ever goes outside the limits of the city of refuge to which they fled 27 and the avenger of blood finds them outside the city, the avenger of blood may kill the accused without being guilty of murder. 28 The accused must stay in the city of refuge until the death of the high priest; only after the death of the high priest may they return to their own property.

29 “‘This is to have the force of law(AB) for you throughout the generations to come,(AC) wherever you live.(AD)

30 “‘Anyone who kills a person is to be put to death as a murderer only on the testimony of witnesses. But no one is to be put to death on the testimony of only one witness.(AE)

31 “‘Do not accept a ransom(AF) for the life of a murderer, who deserves to die. They are to be put to death.

32 “‘Do not accept a ransom for anyone who has fled to a city of refuge and so allow them to go back and live on their own land before the death of the high priest.

33 “‘Do not pollute the land where you are. Bloodshed pollutes the land,(AG) and atonement cannot be made for the land on which blood has been shed, except by the blood of the one who shed it. 34 Do not defile the land(AH) where you live and where I dwell,(AI) for I, the Lord, dwell among the Israelites.’”

Footnotes

  1. Numbers 35:4 That is, about 1,500 feet or about 450 meters
  2. Numbers 35:5 That is, about 3,000 feet or about 900 meters