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地上和天上的圣所

原来连第一个约都有敬拜的礼仪和属世界的圣幕。 因为那预备好了的帐幕,第一层叫圣所,里面有灯台、供桌和供饼。 第二层幔子后又有一层帐幕,叫至圣所, 有金香坛和四周包金的约柜,柜里有盛吗哪的金罐、亚伦那根发过芽的杖和两块约版; 柜上面有荣耀的基路伯罩着施恩座。有关这一切我现在不能一一细说。

这些物件既如此预备齐了,众祭司就不断地进第一层帐幕行拜 神的礼。 至于第二层帐幕,惟有大祭司一年一次独自进去,没有一次不带着血,为自己献上,也为百姓无意所犯的过错献上。 圣灵藉此指明,第一层帐幕仍存在的时候,进入至圣所的路还没有显示。 那第一层帐幕是现今时代的一个预表,表示所献的礼物和祭物都不能使敬拜的人在良心上得以完全。 10 这些事只不过是有关饮食和各种洁净的规矩,是属肉体的条例,它的功效是直到新次序的时期来到为止。

11 但现在基督已经来到,作了已实现的美事的大祭司,经过那更大更全备的帐幕,不是人手所造,也不是属于这世界的; 12 他不用山羊和牛犊的血,而是用自己的血,只一次进入至圣所就获得了永远的赎罪。 13 若山羊和公牛的血,以及母牛犊的灰,洒在不洁的人身上,尚且使人成圣,身体洁净, 14 何况基督的血,他藉着永远的灵把自己无瑕疵地献给 神,更能洗净我们[a]的良心,除去致死的行为,好事奉那位永生的 神。

15 为此,基督作了新约的中保;因为他的死,赎了人在第一个约之时所犯的罪过,使蒙召的人能得着所应许永远的产业。 16 凡有遗嘱,必须证实立遗嘱的人已经死了。 17 因为人死了,遗嘱才有效力;立遗嘱的人尚在,遗嘱就不能生效。 18 所以,第一个约也是用血立的。 19 因为摩西当日照着律法将各样诫命传给众百姓,就拿朱红色绒和牛膝草,把牛犊、山羊[b]的血和水洒在书上,又洒在众百姓身上, 20 说:“这血就是 神与你们立约的凭据。” 21 他又照样把血洒在帐幕和敬拜用的各样器皿上。 22 按着律法,几乎每样东西都是用血洁净的;没有流血,就没有赦罪。

基督献己为祭除掉了罪

23 这样,照着天上样式做的物件必须用这些礼仪去洁净,但那天上的一切,自然当用更美的祭物去洁净。 24 因为基督并没有进了人手所造的圣所—这不过是真圣所的影像—而是进到天上,如今为我们出现在 神面前。 25 他也无须多次将自己献上,像大祭司每年带着牛羊的血进入至圣所。 26 如果这样,他从创世以来就必须多次受苦了。但如今,他在今世的末期显现,仅一次把自己献为祭,好除掉罪。 27 按着命定,人人都有一死,死后且有审判。 28 同样,基督既然一次献上,担当了许多人的罪,将来要第二次显现,与罪无关,而是为了拯救热切等候他的人。

Footnotes

  1. 9.14 “我们”:有古卷是“你们”。
  2. 9.19 有古卷没有“山羊”。

旧约敬拜的礼仪

旧约有敬拜的礼仪和地上的圣幕。 建成后的圣幕共分两间,外面的一间称为圣所,摆设了灯台、桌子和圣饼。 在第二道幔子后面的那一间叫至圣所, 里面有纯金的香坛和包金的约柜。约柜里珍藏着盛吗哪的金罐、亚伦那根发过芽的手杖和两块刻着十诫的石版, 上面有荣耀的基路伯天使,高展翅膀盖着约柜上面的施恩座。关于这些事,现在不能一一细说。

这些东西都齐备了,祭司们便经常进入圣所,举行敬拜。 可是,只有大祭司有资格每年一次独自进入至圣所,而且每次都要端着血进去,为自己和以色列人的过犯献上。 圣灵借此指明,只要头一个圣幕还在,进入至圣所的路就还没有开启。 这件事是一个象征,告诉现今的世代:所献的礼物和祭物都不能使敬拜的人良心纯全, 10 因为这些不过是关于饮食和各样洁净礼仪的外在规条,等新秩序的时代一到,便不再有效了。

美好新约

11 现在基督已经来到,做了美好新约的大祭司,祂进入了那更伟大、更全备、非人手建造、不属于这个世界的圣幕。 12 祂只进入至圣所一次便完成了永远的救赎,用的不是山羊和牛犊的血,而是自己的血。 13 如果把山羊血、公牛血和母牛犊的灰洒在污秽的人[a]身上,就可以使他们圣洁,身体得到洁净, 14 更何况基督借着永恒的灵把自己毫无瑕疵地献给上帝呢?祂的血岂不更能洗净我们的良心,使我们脱离导致灭亡的行为,以便事奉永活的上帝吗?

15 因此,祂是新约的中保,借着死亡救赎了触犯旧约的人,好叫那些蒙召的人得到所应许的永恒基业。

16 凡是遗嘱[b],必须等到立遗嘱的人死了以后才能生效。 17 如果立遗嘱的人依然健在,遗嘱就不能生效。 18 正因如此,连立旧约也需要用血才能生效。 19 摩西依照律法向犹太人颁布所有诫命之后,便用红色的羊毛和牛膝草蘸了牛犊和山羊的血以及水,洒在律法书和百姓身上, 20 说:“这是上帝用来与你们立约的血。” 21 他又照样把血洒在圣幕和所有用来献祭的器具上。 22 根据律法,几乎所有的器具都要用血来洁净,因为若不流血,罪就得不到赦免。

23 既然仿照天上的样式所造的器具需要用祭牲的血来洁净,天上的原物当然要用更美的祭物来洁净。 24 因为基督并非进入了人手所造的圣所,那只是真圣所的缩影,祂是进入了天堂,替我们来到上帝面前。 25 祂在天上不必一次又一次地把自己献上,好像那些大祭司年年都带着牛羊的血进入至圣所。 26 否则,自创世以来,祂不知道要受难多少次了。但如今在这世代的末期,祂只一次献上自己,便除去了人的罪。 27 按着定命,人人都有一死,死后还有审判。 28 同样,基督为了承担世人的罪,也曾一次献上自己。祂还要再来,不是来除罪,而是来拯救那些热切等候祂的人。

Footnotes

  1. 9:13 污秽的人”指在犹太人的宗教礼仪上被视为不洁净的人。
  2. 9:16 遗嘱”希腊文和“约”是同一个字。

1-2 Now in that first agreement between God and his people there were rules for worship and there was a sacred tent down here on earth. Inside this place of worship there were two rooms. The first one contained the golden candlestick and a table with special loaves of holy bread upon it; this part was called the Holy Place. Then there was a curtain, and behind the curtain was a room called the Holy of Holies. In that room there were a golden incense-altar and the golden chest, called the ark of the covenant, completely covered on all sides with pure gold. Inside the ark were the tablets of stone with the Ten Commandments written on them, and a golden jar with some manna in it, and Aaron’s wooden cane that budded. Above the golden chest were statues of angels called the cherubim—the guardians of God’s glory—with their wings stretched out over the ark’s golden cover, called the mercy seat. But enough of such details.

Well, when all was ready, the priests went in and out of the first room whenever they wanted to, doing their work. But only the high priest went into the inner room, and then only once a year, all alone, and always with blood that he sprinkled on the mercy seat as an offering to God to cover his own mistakes and sins and the mistakes and sins of all the people.

And the Holy Spirit uses all this to point out to us that under the old system the common people could not go into the Holy of Holies as long as the outer room and the entire system it represents were still in use.

This has an important lesson for us today. For under the old system, gifts and sacrifices were offered, but these failed to cleanse the hearts of the people who brought them. 10 For the old system dealt only with certain rituals—what foods to eat and drink, rules for washing themselves, and rules about this and that. The people had to keep these rules to tide them over until Christ came with God’s new and better way.

11 He came as High Priest of this better system that we now have. He went into that greater, perfect tabernacle in heaven, not made by men nor part of this world, 12 and once for all took blood into that inner room, the Holy of Holies, and sprinkled it on the mercy seat; but it was not the blood of goats and calves. No, he took his own blood, and with it he, by himself, made sure of our eternal salvation.

13 And if under the old system the blood of bulls and goats and the ashes of young cows could cleanse men’s bodies from sin, 14 just think how much more surely the blood of Christ will transform our lives and hearts. His sacrifice frees us from the worry of having to obey the old rules and makes us want to serve the living God. For by the help of the eternal Holy Spirit, Christ willingly gave himself to God to die for our sins—he being perfect, without a single sin or fault. 15 Christ came with this new agreement so that all who are invited may come and have forever all the wonders God has promised them. For Christ died to rescue them from the penalty of the sins they had committed while still under that old system.

16 Now, if someone dies and leaves a will—a list of things to be given away to certain people when he dies—no one gets anything until it is proved that the person who wrote the will is dead. 17 The will goes into effect only after the death of the person who wrote it. While he is still alive no one can use it to get any of those things he has promised them.

18 That is why blood was sprinkled as proof of Christ’s death[a] before even the first agreement could go into effect. 19 For after Moses had given the people all of God’s laws, he took the blood of calves and goats, along with water, and sprinkled the blood over the book of God’s laws and over all the people, using branches of hyssop bushes and scarlet wool to sprinkle with. 20 Then he said, “This is the blood that marks the beginning of the agreement between you and God, the agreement God commanded me to make with you.” 21 And in the same way he sprinkled blood on the sacred tent and on whatever instruments were used for worship. 22 In fact we can say that under the old agreement almost everything was cleansed by sprinkling it with blood, and without the shedding of blood there is no forgiveness of sins.

23 That is why the sacred tent down here on earth and everything in it—all copied from things in heaven—all had to be made pure by Moses in this way, by being sprinkled with the blood of animals. But the real things in heaven, of which these down here are copies, were made pure with far more precious offerings.

24 For Christ has entered into heaven itself to appear now before God as our Friend. It was not in the earthly place of worship that he did this, for that was merely a copy of the real temple in heaven. 25 Nor has he offered himself again and again, as the high priest down here on earth offers animal blood in the Holy of Holies each year. 26 If that had been necessary, then he would have had to die again and again, ever since the world began. But no! He came once for all, at the end of the age, to put away the power of sin forever by dying for us.

27 And just as it is destined that men die only once, and after that comes judgment, 28 so also Christ died only once as an offering for the sins of many people; and he will come again, but not to deal again with our sins.

This time he will come bringing salvation to all those who are eagerly and patiently waiting for him.

Footnotes

  1. Hebrews 9:18 as proof of Christ’s death, implied.

Then verily the first covenant had also ordinances of divine service, and a worldly sanctuary.

For there was a tabernacle made; the first, wherein was the candlestick, and the table, and the shewbread; which is called the sanctuary.

And after the second veil, the tabernacle which is called the Holiest of all;

Which had the golden censer, and the ark of the covenant overlaid round about with gold, wherein was the golden pot that had manna, and Aaron's rod that budded, and the tables of the covenant;

And over it the cherubims of glory shadowing the mercyseat; of which we cannot now speak particularly.

Now when these things were thus ordained, the priests went always into the first tabernacle, accomplishing the service of God.

But into the second went the high priest alone once every year, not without blood, which he offered for himself, and for the errors of the people:

The Holy Ghost this signifying, that the way into the holiest of all was not yet made manifest, while as the first tabernacle was yet standing:

Which was a figure for the time then present, in which were offered both gifts and sacrifices, that could not make him that did the service perfect, as pertaining to the conscience;

10 Which stood only in meats and drinks, and divers washings, and carnal ordinances, imposed on them until the time of reformation.

11 But Christ being come an high priest of good things to come, by a greater and more perfect tabernacle, not made with hands, that is to say, not of this building;

12 Neither by the blood of goats and calves, but by his own blood he entered in once into the holy place, having obtained eternal redemption for us.

13 For if the blood of bulls and of goats, and the ashes of an heifer sprinkling the unclean, sanctifieth to the purifying of the flesh:

14 How much more shall the blood of Christ, who through the eternal Spirit offered himself without spot to God, purge your conscience from dead works to serve the living God?

15 And for this cause he is the mediator of the new testament, that by means of death, for the redemption of the transgressions that were under the first testament, they which are called might receive the promise of eternal inheritance.

16 For where a testament is, there must also of necessity be the death of the testator.

17 For a testament is of force after men are dead: otherwise it is of no strength at all while the testator liveth.

18 Whereupon neither the first testament was dedicated without blood.

19 For when Moses had spoken every precept to all the people according to the law, he took the blood of calves and of goats, with water, and scarlet wool, and hyssop, and sprinkled both the book, and all the people,

20 Saying, This is the blood of the testament which God hath enjoined unto you.

21 Moreover he sprinkled with blood both the tabernacle, and all the vessels of the ministry.

22 And almost all things are by the law purged with blood; and without shedding of blood is no remission.

23 It was therefore necessary that the patterns of things in the heavens should be purified with these; but the heavenly things themselves with better sacrifices than these.

24 For Christ is not entered into the holy places made with hands, which are the figures of the true; but into heaven itself, now to appear in the presence of God for us:

25 Nor yet that he should offer himself often, as the high priest entereth into the holy place every year with blood of others;

26 For then must he often have suffered since the foundation of the world: but now once in the end of the world hath he appeared to put away sin by the sacrifice of himself.

27 And as it is appointed unto men once to die, but after this the judgment:

28 So Christ was once offered to bear the sins of many; and unto them that look for him shall he appear the second time without sin unto salvation.