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舊約敬拜的規例

前約也有它敬拜的規例,和屬世界的聖所。 因為有一個支搭好了的會幕,第一進叫作聖所,裡面有燈臺、桌子和陳設餅。 在第二層幔子後面還有一個會幕,叫作至聖所, 裡面有金香壇,有全部包金的約櫃,櫃裡有盛著嗎哪的金罐、亞倫那發過芽的杖和兩塊約板。 櫃的上面有榮耀的基路伯罩著施恩座,關於這一切,現在不能一一細說了。

這一切物件都這樣預備好了,祭司就常常進入第一進會幕,執行敬拜的事。 至於第二進會幕,只有大祭司一年一次獨自進去,並且非帶著血不可,好為自己和人民的愚妄把血獻上。 聖靈藉著這事表明,當第一進會幕存在的時候,進入至聖所的路,還沒有顯明出來。 這第一進會幕是現今的時代的預表,其實所獻的禮物和祭品,都不能使敬拜的人在良心上得到完全。 10 這些只是關於飲食和各樣潔淨的禮儀,是在“更新的時候”來到之前,為肉體立的規例。

基督的血潔淨我們

11 但基督已經來了,作了已經實現的美好事物的大祭司;他經過更大、更完備的會幕(不是人手所做的,也就是不屬於這被造的世界的)。 12 他不是用山羊和牛犢的血,而是用自己的血,只一次進了至聖所,就得到了永遠的救贖。 13 如果山羊和公牛的血,以及母牛犢的灰,灑在不潔的人身上,尚且可以使他們成為聖潔,身體潔淨, 14 何況基督的血呢?他藉著永遠的靈,把自己無瑕無疵的獻給 神,他的血不是更能潔淨我們的良心脫離致死的行為,使我們可以事奉永活的 神嗎?

15 因此,他作了新約的中保,藉著他的死,使人在前約之下的過犯得到救贖,就叫那些蒙召的人,得著永遠基業的應許。 16 凡有遺囑(“遺囑”或譯:“約”,與17 節同),必須證實立遺囑的人死了; 17 因為人死了,遺囑才能確立,立遺囑的人還活著的時候,遺囑決不生效。 18 因此,前約並不是沒有用血立的: 19 當日摩西按照律法,向所有人民宣布了各樣的誡命,就拿牛犢(好些抄本在此有“和山羊”)的血和水,用朱紅色的羊毛與牛膝草,灑在律法書上和人民身上, 20 說:“這就是 神規定你們立約的血。” 21 他照樣把血灑在會幕和各樣應用的器皿上。 22 按著律法,幾乎所有都是用血潔淨的,如果沒有流血,就沒有赦免。

基督一次獻上自己就除掉罪

23 照著天上樣式作的既然必須這樣去潔淨,天上物體的本身,就應該用更美的祭品去潔淨了。 24 因為基督不是進了人手所做的聖所(那不過是真聖所的表象),而是進到天上,現在替我們顯露在 神的面前。 25 他不必多次把自己獻上,好像大祭司每年帶著不是自己的血進入至聖所一樣。 26 如果這樣,他從創世以來,就必須受許多次的苦了。可是現在他在這世代的終結,只顯現一次,把自己作為祭品獻上,好除掉罪。 27 按著定命,人人都要死一次,死後還有審判。 28 照樣,基督為了擔當許多人的罪,也曾經一次把自己獻上;將來他還要再一次顯現,不是為擔當罪,而是要向那些熱切期待他的人成全救恩。

Old Covenant Ministry

Now the first covenant also had regulations for ministry and an earthly sanctuary. For a tabernacle was set up, and in the first room, which is called the holy place, were the lampstand, the table, and the presentation loaves.(A) Behind the second curtain was a tent called the most holy place.(B) It had the gold altar of incense and the ark of the covenant, covered with gold on all sides, in which was a gold jar containing the manna, Aaron’s staff that budded, and the tablets of the covenant.(C) The cherubim of glory were above the ark overshadowing the mercy seat. It is not possible to speak about these things in detail at the moment.(D)

With these things prepared like this, the priests enter the first room repeatedly, performing their ministry.(E) But the high priest alone enters the second room, and he does that only once a year, and never without blood, which he offers for himself and for the sins the people had committed in ignorance.(F) The Holy Spirit was making it clear that the way into the most holy place had not yet been disclosed while the first tabernacle was still standing.(G) This is a symbol for the present time, during which gifts and sacrifices are offered that cannot perfect the worshipper’s conscience.(H) 10 They are physical regulations and only deal with food, drink, and various washings imposed until the time of the new order.(I)

New Covenant Ministry

11 But Christ has appeared as a high priest of the good things that have come.[a] In the greater and more perfect tabernacle not made with hands (that is, not of this creation(J)), 12 he entered the most holy place once for all time, not by the blood of goats and calves, but by his own blood, having obtained eternal redemption.(K) 13 For if the blood of goats and bulls and the ashes of a young cow, sprinkling those who are defiled, sanctify for the purification of the flesh,(L) 14 how much more will the blood of Christ, who through the eternal Spirit(M) offered himself without blemish to God, cleanse our[b] consciences from dead works so that we can serve the living God?(N)

15 Therefore, he is the mediator(O) of a new covenant,[c](P) so that those who are called might receive the promise(Q) of the eternal inheritance, because a death has taken place for redemption from the transgressions committed under the first covenant.(R) 16 Where a will exists, the death of the one who made it must be established. 17 For a will is valid only when people die, since it is never in effect while the one who made it is living. 18 That is why even the first covenant was inaugurated with blood. 19 For when every command had been proclaimed by Moses to all the people according to the law, he took the blood of calves and goats,[d] along with water, scarlet wool, and hyssop, and sprinkled the scroll itself and all the people,(S) 20 saying, This is the blood of the covenant that God has ordained for you.[e](T) 21 In the same way, he sprinkled the tabernacle and all the articles of worship with blood.(U) 22 According to the law almost everything is purified with blood, and without the shedding of blood there is no forgiveness.(V)

23 Therefore, it was necessary for the copies of the things in the heavens to be purified with these sacrifices, but the heavenly things themselves to be purified with better sacrifices than these.(W) 24 For Christ did not enter a sanctuary made with hands (only a model[f] of the true one) but into heaven itself, so that he might now appear in the presence of God for us.(X) 25 He did not do this to offer himself many times, as the high priest enters the sanctuary yearly with the blood of another.(Y) 26 Otherwise, he would have had to suffer many times since the foundation of the world. But now he has appeared once, at the end of the ages,(Z) for the removal of sin by the sacrifice of himself.(AA) 27 And just as it is appointed for people to die once – and after this, judgement(AB) –  28 so also Christ, having been offered once to bear the sins of many,(AC) will appear a second time,(AD) not to bear sin, but[g] to bring salvation to those who are waiting for him.(AE)

Footnotes

  1. 9:11 Other mss read that are to come
  2. 9:14 Other mss read your
  3. 9:15 The Gk word used here can be translated covenant, will, or testament, also in vv. 16,17,18.
  4. 9:19 Some mss omit and goats
  5. 9:20 Ex 24:8
  6. 9:24 Or antitype, or figure
  7. 9:28 Lit time, apart from sin,

The Earthly Sanctuary(A)

Then indeed, even the first covenant had ordinances of divine service and (B)the earthly sanctuary. For a tabernacle was prepared: the first part, in which was the lampstand, the table, and the showbread, which is called the [a]sanctuary; (C)and behind the second veil, the part of the tabernacle which is called the Holiest of All, which had the (D)golden censer and (E)the ark of the covenant overlaid on all sides with gold, in which were (F)the golden pot that had the manna, (G)Aaron’s rod that budded, and (H)the tablets of the covenant; and (I)above it were the cherubim of glory overshadowing the mercy seat. Of these things we cannot now speak in detail.

Limitations of the Earthly Service

Now when these things had been thus prepared, (J)the priests always went into the first part of the tabernacle, performing the services. But into the second part the high priest went alone (K)once a year, not without blood, which he offered for (L)himself and for the people’s sins committed in ignorance; the Holy Spirit indicating this, that (M)the way into the Holiest of All was not yet made manifest while the first tabernacle was still standing. It was symbolic for the present time in which both gifts and sacrifices are offered (N)which cannot make him who performed the service perfect in regard to the conscience— 10 concerned only with (O)foods and drinks, (P)various [b]washings, (Q)and fleshly ordinances imposed until the time of reformation.

The Heavenly Sanctuary

11 But Christ came as High Priest of (R)the good things [c]to come, with the greater and more perfect tabernacle not made with hands, that is, not of this creation. 12 Not (S)with the blood of goats and calves, but (T)with His own blood He entered the Most Holy Place (U)once for all, (V)having obtained eternal redemption. 13 For if (W)the blood of bulls and goats and (X)the ashes of a heifer, sprinkling the unclean, [d]sanctifies for the [e]purifying of the flesh, 14 how much more shall the blood of Christ, who through the eternal Spirit offered Himself without [f]spot to God, (Y)cleanse your conscience from (Z)dead works (AA)to serve the living God? 15 And for this reason (AB)He is the Mediator of the new covenant, by means of death, for the redemption of the transgressions under the first covenant, that (AC)those who are called may receive the promise of the eternal inheritance.

The Mediator’s Death Necessary

16 For where there is a testament, there must also of necessity be the death of the testator. 17 For (AD)a testament is in force after men are dead, since it has no power at all while the testator lives. 18 (AE)Therefore not even the first covenant was dedicated without blood. 19 For when Moses had spoken every [g]precept to all the people according to the law, (AF)he took the blood of calves and goats, (AG)with water, scarlet wool, and hyssop, and sprinkled both the book itself and all the people, 20 saying, (AH)“This is the (AI)blood of the covenant which God has commanded you.” 21 Then likewise (AJ)he sprinkled with blood both the tabernacle and all the vessels of the ministry. 22 And according to the law almost all things are [h]purified with blood, and (AK)without shedding of blood there is no [i]remission.

Greatness of Christ’s Sacrifice

23 Therefore it was necessary that (AL)the copies of the things in the heavens should be [j]purified with these, but the heavenly things themselves with better sacrifices than these. 24 For (AM)Christ has not entered the holy places made with hands, which are [k]copies of (AN)the true, but into heaven itself, now (AO)to appear in the presence of God for us; 25 not that He should offer Himself often, as (AP)the high priest enters the Most Holy Place every year with blood of another— 26 He then would have had to suffer often since the foundation of the world; but now, once at the end of the ages, He has appeared to put away sin by the sacrifice of Himself. 27 (AQ)And as it is appointed for men to die once, (AR)but after this the judgment, 28 so (AS)Christ was (AT)offered once to bear the sins (AU)of many. To those who (AV)eagerly wait for Him He will appear a second time, apart from sin, for salvation.

Footnotes

  1. Hebrews 9:2 holy place, lit. holies
  2. Hebrews 9:10 Lit. baptisms
  3. Hebrews 9:11 NU that have come
  4. Hebrews 9:13 sets apart
  5. Hebrews 9:13 cleansing
  6. Hebrews 9:14 blemish
  7. Hebrews 9:19 command
  8. Hebrews 9:22 cleansed
  9. Hebrews 9:22 forgiveness
  10. Hebrews 9:23 cleansed
  11. Hebrews 9:24 representations