儿子与奴仆

然而,产业继承人还年幼时,虽然身为产业的主人,实际上和奴仆没有分别。 他一样要受监护人和管家的约束,一直到他父亲指定他继承产业的日子为止。 我们也一样,当我们还是孩童的时候,我们受世界基本规条的辖制。 然而,时候一到,上帝就差遣自己的儿子借着一位女子降生,并受律法的约束, 为要救赎一切受律法约束的人,使我们成为祂的儿女。

我们[a]既然成为儿女,上帝就差遣祂儿子的灵进入我们的心里,使我们可以称呼上帝为“阿爸,父亲”。 由此可见,你们从今以后不再是奴仆,而是儿女。既然身为儿女,就可以靠着上帝成为产业继承人。

保罗对加拉太人的关怀

从前,你们不认识上帝,做那些假神的奴隶。 现在,你们既然认识了上帝,或者更应该说是上帝认识了你们,为什么还要回到那些无意义的基本规条之下,甘愿再做它们的奴隶呢? 10 为什么还拘守什么日子、月份、节期和年份呢? 11 我真担心我在你们身上的一番心血都枉费了!

12 弟兄姊妹,我劝你们现在要像我一样,因为我已经像你们一样。你们向来没有亏待过我。 13 你们知道,当初是因为我生病才有机会首次向你们传福音。 14 那时,你们虽然因为我生病而受累,却没有轻视我、嫌弃我,反而接待我,就像接待上帝的天使,接待基督耶稣一样。 15 我可以为你们作证,如果可能的话,你们那时就是把眼睛剜出来给我,也心甘情愿。你们当初的喜乐哪里去了? 16 现在我因为告诉你们真理,就成了你们的仇人吗?

17 那些人非常热心地对待你们,其实他们心怀不轨,想要离间我们的关系,使你们热心地对待他们。 18 有人热心待你们当然很好,但总要动机纯正、始终如一,不应该只是我和你们在一起时才热心待你们。 19 孩子们,为了你们,我像一位母亲再次经历生产的痛苦,一直到基督的生命在你们里面成形。 20 我恨不得立刻赶到你们身边,换种口气说话,因为我为你们焦虑不安。

夏甲与撒拉的例子

21 你们这些甘受律法约束的人啊!告诉我,你们没听过律法怎么说吗? 22 律法书上说:亚伯拉罕有两个儿子,一个是婢女生的,一个是主母生的。 23 婢女的儿子是按着人的意愿生的,主母的儿子是按着上帝的应许生的。 24 这些事都有更深的含义,两个妇人是指两个约。夏甲代表颁布于西奈山的约,她所生的孩子是奴仆。 25 这夏甲指的是阿拉伯的西奈山,相当于现今的耶路撒冷,她和她的儿女都是奴仆。 26 那天上的耶路撒冷则是自由的,是我们的母亲。 27 因为圣经上说:

“不生育、未生养的妇人啊,
要快乐;
未曾生产的女子啊,
要高声欢呼,
因为没有丈夫的比有丈夫的儿女更多。”

28 弟兄姊妹,你们都像以撒一样是照着上帝的应许出生的。 29 当时,那按着人的意愿生的儿子迫害那靠着圣灵生的儿子,现在的情况也和当时一样。 30 但圣经上怎么说呢?圣经上说:“赶走婢女和她的儿子,因为婢女的儿子不能与主母的儿子一同承受产业。” 31 弟兄姊妹,这样看来,我们不是婢女的儿女,而是主母的儿女。

Footnotes

  1. 4:6 我们”希腊文是“你们”。

我說,那承受產業的,雖然是全部產業的主人,但在孩童的時期,卻和奴僕沒有分別。 他是在監護人和管家之下,直到父親預先指定的時候。 我們也是這樣,作孩童的時候,被世俗的言論所奴役; 但到了時機成熟, 神就差遣他的兒子,由女人所生,而且生在律法之下, 要把律法之下的人救贖出來,好讓我們得著嗣子的名分。 你們既然是兒子, 神就差遣他兒子的靈進入我們心裡,呼叫“阿爸、父!” 這樣,你不再是奴僕,而是兒子;既然是兒子,就靠著 神承受產業了。

保羅為加拉太信徒擔憂

從前你們不認識 神的時候,是給那些本來不是 神的作奴僕; 現在你們既然認識 神,更可以說是 神所認識的,怎麼還回到那些軟弱貧乏的言論,情願再作它們的奴僕呢? 10 你們嚴守日子、月份、節期、年份; 11 我為你們擔心,恐怕我在你們身上的勞苦是白費了。

12 弟兄們,我請求你們要像我一樣,因為我也像你們一樣。你們並沒有虧負過我。 13 你們知道,我第一次傳福音給你們,是因為身體有病。 14 雖然我的身體對你們是個試煉,你們卻沒有輕看,也沒有厭棄,反而接納我,好像 神的天使,也好像基督耶穌。 15 現在,你們的歡樂在哪裡呢?我可以為你們作證,那時如果可能,你們甚至願意把你們的眼睛剜出來給我哩! 16 現在我把真理告訴你們,反而成了你們的仇敵嗎? 17 那些人熱心待你們,並不是出於好意,而是想你們和我疏遠,好使你們熱心待他們。 18 常常在善事上熱心,總是好的;只是不要我在你們那裡的時候才是這樣。 19 我的孩子們,為了你們我再受生產的痛苦,直到基督在你們裡面成形。 20 我恨不得現今就在你們那裡,改變我的語氣,因為我為你們十分困擾。

兩個婦人的寓意

21 你們這願意在律法之下的人哪!請告訴我,你們沒有聽過律法嗎? 22 經上記著說,亞伯拉罕有兩個兒子,一個出於婢女,一個出於自由的婦人。 23 但那出於婢女的,是按著肉體生的;那出於自由的婦人的,是憑著應許生的。 24 這都是寓意的說法:那兩個婦人就是兩個約,一個是出於西奈山,生子作奴僕,這是夏甲。 25 這夏甲是指著阿拉伯的西奈山,相當於現在的耶路撒冷,她和她的兒女都是作奴僕的。 26 那在上面的耶路撒冷是自由的,她是我們的母親, 27 因為經上記著說:

“不能生育、沒有生養的啊,你要歡欣!

沒有受過生產痛苦的啊,你要呼喊,大聲呼叫!

因為棄婦比有夫之婦有更多兒子。”

28 可是,弟兄們,你們是按著應許作兒女的,好像以撒一樣。 29 不過,當時那按著肉體生的,迫害那按著聖靈生的,現在也是這樣。 30 然而經上怎樣說呢?“把婢女和她的兒子趕出去,因為婢女的兒子,絕對不可以和自由的婦人的兒子一同承受產業。” 31 所以,弟兄們,我們不是婢女的兒女,而是自由的婦人的兒女了。

Now I say, That the heir, as long as he is a child, differeth nothing from a servant, though he be lord of all;

But is under tutors and governors until the time appointed of the father.

Even so we, when we were children, were in bondage under the elements of the world:

But when the fulness of the time was come, God sent forth his Son, made of a woman, made under the law,

To redeem them that were under the law, that we might receive the adoption of sons.

And because ye are sons, God hath sent forth the Spirit of his Son into your hearts, crying, Abba, Father.

Wherefore thou art no more a servant, but a son; and if a son, then an heir of God through Christ.

Howbeit then, when ye knew not God, ye did service unto them which by nature are no gods.

But now, after that ye have known God, or rather are known of God, how turn ye again to the weak and beggarly elements, whereunto ye desire again to be in bondage?

10 Ye observe days, and months, and times, and years.

11 I am afraid of you, lest I have bestowed upon you labour in vain.

12 Brethren, I beseech you, be as I am; for I am as ye are: ye have not injured me at all.

13 Ye know how through infirmity of the flesh I preached the gospel unto you at the first.

14 And my temptation which was in my flesh ye despised not, nor rejected; but received me as an angel of God, even as Christ Jesus.

15 Where is then the blessedness ye spake of? for I bear you record, that, if it had been possible, ye would have plucked out your own eyes, and have given them to me.

16 Am I therefore become your enemy, because I tell you the truth?

17 They zealously affect you, but not well; yea, they would exclude you, that ye might affect them.

18 But it is good to be zealously affected always in a good thing, and not only when I am present with you.

19 My little children, of whom I travail in birth again until Christ be formed in you,

20 I desire to be present with you now, and to change my voice; for I stand in doubt of you.

21 Tell me, ye that desire to be under the law, do ye not hear the law?

22 For it is written, that Abraham had two sons, the one by a bondmaid, the other by a freewoman.

23 But he who was of the bondwoman was born after the flesh; but he of the freewoman was by promise.

24 Which things are an allegory: for these are the two covenants; the one from the mount Sinai, which gendereth to bondage, which is Agar.

25 For this Agar is mount Sinai in Arabia, and answereth to Jerusalem which now is, and is in bondage with her children.

26 But Jerusalem which is above is free, which is the mother of us all.

27 For it is written, Rejoice, thou barren that bearest not; break forth and cry, thou that travailest not: for the desolate hath many more children than she which hath an husband.

28 Now we, brethren, as Isaac was, are the children of promise.

29 But as then he that was born after the flesh persecuted him that was born after the Spirit, even so it is now.

30 Nevertheless what saith the scripture? Cast out the bondwoman and her son: for the son of the bondwoman shall not be heir with the son of the freewoman.

31 So then, brethren, we are not children of the bondwoman, but of the free.

Sons and Heirs Through Christ

Now I say that the heir, as long as he is a child, does not differ at all from a slave, though he is master of all, but is under guardians and stewards until the time appointed by the father. Even so we, when we were children, (A)were in bondage under the elements of the world. But (B)when the fullness of the time had come, God sent forth His Son, (C)born[a] (D)of a woman, (E)born under the law, (F)to redeem those who were under the law, (G)that we might receive the adoption as sons.

And because you are sons, God has sent forth (H)the Spirit of His Son into your hearts, crying out, [b]“Abba, Father!” Therefore you are no longer a slave but a son, (I)and if a son, then an heir [c]of God [d]through Christ.

Fears for the Church

But then, indeed, (J)when you did not know God, (K)you served those which by nature are not gods. But now (L)after you have known God, or rather are known by God, (M)how is it that you turn again to (N)the weak and beggarly elements, to which you desire again to be in bondage? 10 (O)You observe days and months and seasons and years. 11 I am afraid for you, (P)lest I have labored for you in vain.

12 Brethren, I urge you to become like me, for I became like you. (Q)You have not injured me at all. 13 You know that (R)because of physical infirmity I preached the gospel to you at the first. 14 And my trial which was in my flesh you did not despise or reject, but you received me (S)as an [e]angel of God, (T)even as Christ Jesus. 15 [f]What then was the blessing you enjoyed? For I bear you witness that, if possible, you would have plucked out your own eyes and given them to me. 16 Have I therefore become your enemy because I tell you the truth?

17 They (U)zealously court you, but for no good; yes, they want to exclude you, that you may be zealous for them. 18 But it is good to be zealous in a good thing always, and not only when I am present with you. 19 (V)My little children, for whom I labor in birth again until Christ is formed in you, 20 I would like to be present with you now and to change my tone; for I have doubts about you.

Two Covenants(W)

21 Tell me, you who desire to be under the law, do you not hear the law? 22 For it is written that Abraham had two sons: (X)the one by a bondwoman, (Y)the other by a freewoman. 23 But he who was of the bondwoman (Z)was born according to the flesh, (AA)and he of the freewoman through promise, 24 which things are symbolic. For these are [g]the two covenants: the one from Mount (AB)Sinai which gives birth to bondage, which is Hagar— 25 for this Hagar is Mount Sinai in Arabia, and corresponds to Jerusalem which now is, and is in bondage with her children— 26 but the (AC)Jerusalem above is free, which is the mother of us all. 27 For it is written:

(AD)“Rejoice, O barren,
You who do not bear!
Break forth and shout,
You who are not in labor!
For the desolate has many more children
Than she who has a husband.”

28 Now (AE)we, brethren, as Isaac was, are (AF)children of promise. 29 But, as (AG)he who was born according to the flesh then persecuted him who was born according to the Spirit, (AH)even so it is now. 30 Nevertheless what does (AI)the Scripture say? (AJ)“Cast out the bondwoman and her son, for (AK)the son of the bondwoman shall not be heir with the son of the freewoman.” 31 So then, brethren, we are not children of the bondwoman but of the free.

Footnotes

  1. Galatians 4:4 Or made
  2. Galatians 4:6 Lit., in Aram., Father
  3. Galatians 4:7 NU through God
  4. Galatians 4:7 NU omits through Christ
  5. Galatians 4:14 Or messenger
  6. Galatians 4:15 NU Where
  7. Galatians 4:24 NU, M omit the