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各种宗教、社会和道德律例

19 耶和华对摩西说: “你要告诉以色列全体会众,对他们说:你们要分别为圣,因为我耶和华你们的 神是圣洁的。 各人要孝敬父母,也要谨守我的安息日;我是耶和华你们的 神。 你们不可转向偶像,也不可为自己铸造神像;我是耶和华你们的 神。

“如果你们献平安祭给耶和华,要使你们所献的蒙悦纳。 祭牲的肉,要在你们献的那一天和第二天吃;如果有剩下的,到了第三天,就要用火烧掉。 如果在第三天吃平安祭肉,这祭肉已经成为不洁净,不蒙悦纳。 那吃祭肉的人,要担当自己的罪责,因为他亵渎了耶和华的圣物;那人必从自己的族人中被剪除。

“你们收割庄稼的时候,不可把角落的谷物都割尽,也不可拾取收割时遗下的。 10 不可把你葡萄园的果子都摘尽,也不可拾取你葡萄园中掉下的;要把它们留给穷人和寄居的外人;我是耶和华你们的 神。

11 “你们不可偷窃,不可欺骗,不可彼此说谎。 12 不可奉我的名起假誓,亵渎你 神的名;我是耶和华。

13 “不可欺压你的邻舍,也不可抢夺他的东西;雇工的工钱,不可扣留在你那里到早晨。 14 不可咒骂聋子,也不可把绊脚石放在瞎子面前;却要敬畏你的 神;我是耶和华。

15 “你们审判的时候,不可行不义;不可偏袒穷人,也不可偏帮有权势的人;只要按着公义审判你的邻舍。 16 你不可在你的族人中,到处搬弄是非,也不可危害你的邻舍(“危害你的邻舍”直译是“站在你邻舍的血上”);我是耶和华。

17 “你不可心里恨你的兄弟;应坦诚责备你的邻舍,免得你因他担当罪过。 18 不可报复,也不可向你的族人怀恨,却要爱你的邻舍好象爱自己;我是耶和华。

19 “你们要谨守我的律例。不可使你的牲畜与不同类的交合;在你的田里不可撒两种不同类的种子;两样料子作成的衣服,你不可穿在身上。 20 如果人与女子同睡交合,而那女子是个婢女,已经许配了人,但还没有赎身,或是还没有得着自由,就应受惩罚,但不可把二人处死,因为婢女还没有得着自由。 21 那人要把他的赎愆祭,就是一只作赎愆祭的公绵羊,带到会幕门口,耶和华面前。 22 祭司要用那只作赎愆祭的公绵羊,在耶和华面前,为他所犯的罪赎罪,他所犯的罪必蒙赦免。

23 “你们进了那地,栽种了各样可作食物的果树的时候,你们要视初结的果子为不洁净,好象未受割礼的人。头三年的果子,你们不可以吃。 24 第四年所结的一切果子,应分别为圣,是作称颂耶和华的供物。 25 到了第五年,你们才吃树上所结的果子,你们这样作,你们的生产就必增加;我是耶和华你们的 神。

26 “你们不可吃带血的东西,不可占卜,不可算命。 27 不可剃两边的头发,胡须的周围也不可刮掉。 28 不可为死人的缘故,割伤你们的身体,也不可在你们的身上刺花纹;我是耶和华。

29 “不可辱没你的女儿,使她作娼妓,免得这地淫乱,充满丑恶的事。 30 你们要谨守我的安息日,敬畏我的圣所;我是耶和华。

31 “你们不可转向那些交鬼的和行法术的;不可求问他们,玷污自己;我是耶和华你们的 神。

32 “在白发的人面前,你要起立;要尊敬老年人,又要敬畏你的 神;我是耶和华。

33 “如果有外人在你们的地方,与你们一起寄居,你们不可欺负他。 34 与你们一起寄居的外人,要看他像你们中间的本地人一样;你要爱他好象爱自己,因为你们在埃及地也曾作过寄居的人;我是耶和华你们的 神。

35 “你们审判的时候,在度、量、衡上,都不可偏差。 36 要用公正的天平,公正的法码,公正的升斗,公正的容器;我是耶和华你们的 神,就是曾把你们从埃及地领出来的那位。 37 你们要谨守遵行我的一切律例和一切典章;我是耶和华。”

Various Laws

19 The Lord said to Moses, “Speak to the entire assembly of Israel(A) and say to them: ‘Be holy because I, the Lord your God,(B) am holy.(C)

“‘Each of you must respect your mother and father,(D) and you must observe my Sabbaths.(E) I am the Lord your God.(F)

“‘Do not turn to idols or make metal gods for yourselves.(G) I am the Lord your God.(H)

“‘When you sacrifice a fellowship offering to the Lord, sacrifice it in such a way that it will be accepted on your behalf. It shall be eaten on the day you sacrifice it or on the next day; anything left over until the third day must be burned up.(I) If any of it is eaten on the third day, it is impure and will not be accepted.(J) Whoever eats it will be held responsible(K) because they have desecrated what is holy(L) to the Lord; they must be cut off from their people.(M)

“‘When you reap the harvest of your land, do not reap to the very edges(N) of your field or gather the gleanings of your harvest.(O) 10 Do not go over your vineyard a second time(P) or pick up the grapes that have fallen.(Q) Leave them for the poor and the foreigner.(R) I am the Lord your God.

11 “‘Do not steal.(S)

“‘Do not lie.(T)

“‘Do not deceive one another.(U)

12 “‘Do not swear falsely(V) by my name(W) and so profane(X) the name of your God. I am the Lord.

13 “‘Do not defraud or rob(Y) your neighbor.(Z)

“‘Do not hold back the wages of a hired worker(AA) overnight.(AB)

14 “‘Do not curse the deaf or put a stumbling block in front of the blind,(AC) but fear your God.(AD) I am the Lord.

15 “‘Do not pervert justice;(AE) do not show partiality(AF) to the poor or favoritism to the great,(AG) but judge your neighbor fairly.(AH)

16 “‘Do not go about spreading slander(AI) among your people.

“‘Do not do anything that endangers your neighbor’s life.(AJ) I am the Lord.

17 “‘Do not hate a fellow Israelite in your heart.(AK) Rebuke your neighbor frankly(AL) so you will not share in their guilt.

18 “‘Do not seek revenge(AM) or bear a grudge(AN) against anyone among your people,(AO) but love your neighbor(AP) as yourself.(AQ) I am the Lord.

19 “‘Keep my decrees.(AR)

“‘Do not mate different kinds of animals.

“‘Do not plant your field with two kinds of seed.(AS)

“‘Do not wear clothing woven of two kinds of material.(AT)

20 “‘If a man sleeps with a female slave who is promised to another man(AU) but who has not been ransomed or given her freedom, there must be due punishment.[a] Yet they are not to be put to death, because she had not been freed. 21 The man, however, must bring a ram to the entrance to the tent of meeting for a guilt offering to the Lord.(AV) 22 With the ram of the guilt offering the priest is to make atonement for him before the Lord for the sin he has committed, and his sin will be forgiven.(AW)

23 “‘When you enter the land and plant any kind of fruit tree, regard its fruit as forbidden.[b] For three years you are to consider it forbidden[c]; it must not be eaten. 24 In the fourth year all its fruit will be holy,(AX) an offering of praise to the Lord. 25 But in the fifth year you may eat its fruit. In this way your harvest will be increased. I am the Lord your God.

26 “‘Do not eat any meat with the blood still in it.(AY)

“‘Do not practice divination(AZ) or seek omens.(BA)

27 “‘Do not cut the hair at the sides of your head or clip off the edges of your beard.(BB)

28 “‘Do not cut(BC) your bodies for the dead or put tattoo marks on yourselves. I am the Lord.

29 “‘Do not degrade your daughter by making her a prostitute,(BD) or the land will turn to prostitution and be filled with wickedness.(BE)

30 “‘Observe my Sabbaths(BF) and have reverence for my sanctuary. I am the Lord.(BG)

31 “‘Do not turn to mediums(BH) or seek out spiritists,(BI) for you will be defiled by them. I am the Lord your God.

32 “‘Stand up in the presence of the aged, show respect(BJ) for the elderly(BK) and revere your God.(BL) I am the Lord.(BM)

33 “‘When a foreigner resides among you in your land, do not mistreat them. 34 The foreigner residing among you must be treated as your native-born.(BN) Love them as yourself,(BO) for you were foreigners(BP) in Egypt.(BQ) I am the Lord your God.

35 “‘Do not use dishonest standards when measuring length, weight or quantity.(BR) 36 Use honest scales(BS) and honest weights, an honest ephah[d](BT) and an honest hin.[e](BU) I am the Lord your God, who brought you out of Egypt.(BV)

37 “‘Keep all my decrees(BW) and all my laws(BX) and follow them. I am the Lord.’”

Footnotes

  1. Leviticus 19:20 Or be an inquiry
  2. Leviticus 19:23 Hebrew uncircumcised
  3. Leviticus 19:23 Hebrew uncircumcised
  4. Leviticus 19:36 An ephah was a dry measure having the capacity of about 3/5 of a bushel or about 22 liters.
  5. Leviticus 19:36 A hin was a liquid measure having the capacity of about 1 gallon or about 3.8 liters.

19 And the Lord spake unto Moses, saying,

Speak unto all the congregation of the children of Israel, and say unto them, Ye shall be holy: for I the Lord your God am holy.

Ye shall fear every man his mother, and his father, and keep my sabbaths: I am the Lord your God.

Turn ye not unto idols, nor make to yourselves molten gods: I am the Lord your God.

And if ye offer a sacrifice of peace offerings unto the Lord, ye shall offer it at your own will.

It shall be eaten the same day ye offer it, and on the morrow: and if ought remain until the third day, it shall be burnt in the fire.

And if it be eaten at all on the third day, it is abominable; it shall not be accepted.

Therefore every one that eateth it shall bear his iniquity, because he hath profaned the hallowed thing of the Lord: and that soul shall be cut off from among his people.

And when ye reap the harvest of your land, thou shalt not wholly reap the corners of thy field, neither shalt thou gather the gleanings of thy harvest.

10 And thou shalt not glean thy vineyard, neither shalt thou gather every grape of thy vineyard; thou shalt leave them for the poor and stranger: I am the Lord your God.

11 Ye shall not steal, neither deal falsely, neither lie one to another.

12 And ye shall not swear by my name falsely, neither shalt thou profane the name of thy God: I am the Lord.

13 Thou shalt not defraud thy neighbour, neither rob him: the wages of him that is hired shall not abide with thee all night until the morning.

14 Thou shalt not curse the deaf, nor put a stumblingblock before the blind, but shalt fear thy God: I am the Lord.

15 Ye shall do no unrighteousness in judgment: thou shalt not respect the person of the poor, nor honor the person of the mighty: but in righteousness shalt thou judge thy neighbour.

16 Thou shalt not go up and down as a talebearer among thy people: neither shalt thou stand against the blood of thy neighbour; I am the Lord.

17 Thou shalt not hate thy brother in thine heart: thou shalt in any wise rebuke thy neighbour, and not suffer sin upon him.

18 Thou shalt not avenge, nor bear any grudge against the children of thy people, but thou shalt love thy neighbour as thyself: I am the Lord.

19 Ye shall keep my statutes. Thou shalt not let thy cattle gender with a diverse kind: thou shalt not sow thy field with mingled seed: neither shall a garment mingled of linen and woollen come upon thee.

20 And whosoever lieth carnally with a woman, that is a bondmaid, betrothed to an husband, and not at all redeemed, nor freedom given her; she shall be scourged; they shall not be put to death, because she was not free.

21 And he shall bring his trespass offering unto the Lord, unto the door of the tabernacle of the congregation, even a ram for a trespass offering.

22 And the priest shall make an atonement for him with the ram of the trespass offering before the Lord for his sin which he hath done: and the sin which he hath done shall be forgiven him.

23 And when ye shall come into the land, and shall have planted all manner of trees for food, then ye shall count the fruit thereof as uncircumcised: three years shall it be as uncircumcised unto you: it shall not be eaten of.

24 But in the fourth year all the fruit thereof shall be holy to praise the Lord withal.

25 And in the fifth year shall ye eat of the fruit thereof, that it may yield unto you the increase thereof: I am the Lord your God.

26 Ye shall not eat any thing with the blood: neither shall ye use enchantment, nor observe times.

27 Ye shall not round the corners of your heads, neither shalt thou mar the corners of thy beard.

28 Ye shall not make any cuttings in your flesh for the dead, nor print any marks upon you: I am the Lord.

29 Do not prostitute thy daughter, to cause her to be a whore; lest the land fall to whoredom, and the land become full of wickedness.

30 Ye shall keep my sabbaths, and reverence my sanctuary: I am the Lord.

31 Regard not them that have familiar spirits, neither seek after wizards, to be defiled by them: I am the Lord your God.

32 Thou shalt rise up before the hoary head, and honour the face of the old man, and fear thy God: I am the Lord.

33 And if a stranger sojourn with thee in your land, ye shall not vex him.

34 But the stranger that dwelleth with you shall be unto you as one born among you, and thou shalt love him as thyself; for ye were strangers in the land of Egypt: I am the Lord your God.

35 Ye shall do no unrighteousness in judgment, in meteyard, in weight, or in measure.

36 Just balances, just weights, a just ephah, and a just hin, shall ye have: I am the Lord your God, which brought you out of the land of Egypt.

37 Therefore shall ye observe all my statutes, and all my judgments, and do them: I am the Lord.