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贖罪祭的條例

16 亞倫的兩個兒子走近耶和華面前而死亡以後,耶和華對摩西說: “你要告訴你的哥哥亞倫,不可隨時進入聖所的幔子裡面,到約櫃上的施恩座,免得他死亡,因為我在施恩座上的彩雲中顯現。 亞倫進入聖所時要帶一頭公牛犢作贖罪祭,一隻公綿羊作燔祭。 他要穿上細麻布的聖內袍,也要把細麻布的褲子穿在身上,腰束細麻布的帶子,頭戴細麻布禮冠;這些就是聖衣。他要先用水洗身,然後才穿上聖衣。 他要從以色列的會眾中,取兩隻公山羊作贖罪祭,一隻公綿羊作燔祭。 亞倫為自己的罪獻上作贖罪祭的公牛,為自己和家人贖罪, 然後把兩隻公山羊牽來,放在會幕門口,耶和華的面前; 亞倫要為這兩隻山羊抽籤:一籤歸耶和華,另一籤歸阿撒瀉勒(“阿撒瀉勒”是希伯來文音譯,這字原意不能確定)。 亞倫要把那抽籤歸耶和華的山羊,獻作贖罪祭。 10 至於那抽籤歸阿撒瀉勒的山羊,卻要活活地擺在耶和華面前,用來贖罪,然後叫人把牠送到曠野,歸阿撒瀉勒。

11 “亞倫要先為自己獻上作贖罪祭的公牛,為自己和家人贖罪,他要把那為自己作贖罪祭的公牛宰殺。 12 從耶和華面前的祭壇上,拿一個盛滿火炭的香爐,又拿一捧搗細的芬芳香料,帶進幔子裡, 13 在耶和華面前把香放在火上,使香的煙雲遮掩約櫃上的施恩座,免得他死亡。 14 他要取些公牛的血,用指頭彈在施恩座的東面,再用指頭在施恩座的前面,彈血七次。

15 “然後他要宰殺那為人民作贖罪祭的公山羊,把血帶進幔子裡,彈羊血在施恩座的上面和施恩座的前面,好像彈公牛的血一樣。 16 他要為聖所贖罪,使聖所脫離以色列人的不潔和他們的過犯,就是他們的一切罪孽。然後他又要為會幕同樣的贖罪。因為會幕和他們在一起,在他們的不潔中間。 17 他進入至聖所贖罪的時候,會幕裡不可有人;直到他為自己和家人,以及以色列全體會眾,贖了罪出來為止。 18 他出來,就到耶和華面前的祭壇那裡,為壇贖罪。他要取一點公牛的血和山羊的血,抹祭壇的四角。 19 又用指頭向祭壇彈血七次,潔淨祭壇,使它分別為聖,脫離以色列人的不潔。

代罪的山羊

20 “亞倫為聖所、會幕和祭壇贖了罪以後,就要把那隻活山羊獻上。 21 亞倫兩手按在那隻活山羊頭上,承認以色列人的一切罪孽和他們的過犯,就是他們一切罪孽。把它們都歸在那山羊的頭上;然後經由已預定的人,把羊送到曠野裡去。 22 那隻山羊就擔當他們的一切罪孽,把它們帶到一個完全隔離的地;所以那人要把那隻山羊送到曠野裡去。

23 “亞倫要進會幕,把他進聖所時所穿的細麻布衣服脫下,放在那裡。 24 然後在聖潔的地方用水洗身,穿回自己的衣服出來,把自己的燔祭和眾民的燔祭獻上,為自己和眾民贖罪。 25 贖罪祭牲的脂肪,他要焚燒在祭壇上。 26 那送走歸阿撒瀉勒的山羊的人,要洗淨自己的衣服,用水洗身,然後才可以進到營裡。 27 那作贖罪祭的公牛和作贖罪祭的公山羊,牠們的血既然被帶進去為聖所贖罪,牠們的身體就要搬出營外去;牠們的皮、肉和糞都要用火燒掉。 28 那燒祭牲的人要洗淨自己的衣服,用水洗身,然後才可以進營。

每年當守一次贖罪日

29 “每逢七月十日,你們要刻苦己心,無論是本地人,或是寄居在你們中間的外人,甚麼的工,你們都不可作,這要作你們永遠的律例。 30 因為在這一天,他要為你們贖罪,使你們潔淨,脫離你們一切罪孽,使你們在耶和華面前成為潔淨。 31 這是完全休歇的安息,你們要刻苦己心。這是永遠的律例。 32 那被膏立,承受聖職,接替他父親作祭司的,要穿上細麻布衣服,就是聖潔的衣服,進行贖罪。 33 他要為至聖所贖罪,又為會幕和祭壇贖罪,以及為祭司們和全體會眾贖罪。 34 每年一次,要因以色列人一切的罪,為他們贖罪。這是你們永遠的律例。”於是亞倫照著耶和華吩咐摩西的去行。

16 And the Lord spake unto Moses after the death of the two sons of Aaron, when they offered before the Lord, and died;

And the Lord said unto Moses, Speak unto Aaron thy brother, that he come not at all times into the holy place within the vail before the mercy seat, which is upon the ark; that he die not: for I will appear in the cloud upon the mercy seat.

Thus shall Aaron come into the holy place: with a young bullock for a sin offering, and a ram for a burnt offering.

He shall put on the holy linen coat, and he shall have the linen breeches upon his flesh, and shall be girded with a linen girdle, and with the linen mitre shall he be attired: these are holy garments; therefore shall he wash his flesh in water, and so put them on.

And he shall take of the congregation of the children of Israel two kids of the goats for a sin offering, and one ram for a burnt offering.

And Aaron shall offer his bullock of the sin offering, which is for himself, and make an atonement for himself, and for his house.

And he shall take the two goats, and present them before the Lord at the door of the tabernacle of the congregation.

And Aaron shall cast lots upon the two goats; one lot for the Lord, and the other lot for the scapegoat.

And Aaron shall bring the goat upon which the Lord's lot fell, and offer him for a sin offering.

10 But the goat, on which the lot fell to be the scapegoat, shall be presented alive before the Lord, to make an atonement with him, and to let him go for a scapegoat into the wilderness.

11 And Aaron shall bring the bullock of the sin offering, which is for himself, and shall make an atonement for himself, and for his house, and shall kill the bullock of the sin offering which is for himself:

12 And he shall take a censer full of burning coals of fire from off the altar before the Lord, and his hands full of sweet incense beaten small, and bring it within the vail:

13 And he shall put the incense upon the fire before the Lord, that the cloud of the incense may cover the mercy seat that is upon the testimony, that he die not:

14 And he shall take of the blood of the bullock, and sprinkle it with his finger upon the mercy seat eastward; and before the mercy seat shall he sprinkle of the blood with his finger seven times.

15 Then shall he kill the goat of the sin offering, that is for the people, and bring his blood within the vail, and do with that blood as he did with the blood of the bullock, and sprinkle it upon the mercy seat, and before the mercy seat:

16 And he shall make an atonement for the holy place, because of the uncleanness of the children of Israel, and because of their transgressions in all their sins: and so shall he do for the tabernacle of the congregation, that remaineth among them in the midst of their uncleanness.

17 And there shall be no man in the tabernacle of the congregation when he goeth in to make an atonement in the holy place, until he come out, and have made an atonement for himself, and for his household, and for all the congregation of Israel.

18 And he shall go out unto the altar that is before the Lord, and make an atonement for it; and shall take of the blood of the bullock, and of the blood of the goat, and put it upon the horns of the altar round about.

19 And he shall sprinkle of the blood upon it with his finger seven times, and cleanse it, and hallow it from the uncleanness of the children of Israel.

20 And when he hath made an end of reconciling the holy place, and the tabernacle of the congregation, and the altar, he shall bring the live goat:

21 And Aaron shall lay both his hands upon the head of the live goat, and confess over him all the iniquities of the children of Israel, and all their transgressions in all their sins, putting them upon the head of the goat, and shall send him away by the hand of a fit man into the wilderness:

22 And the goat shall bear upon him all their iniquities unto a land not inhabited: and he shall let go the goat in the wilderness.

23 And Aaron shall come into the tabernacle of the congregation, and shall put off the linen garments, which he put on when he went into the holy place, and shall leave them there:

24 And he shall wash his flesh with water in the holy place, and put on his garments, and come forth, and offer his burnt offering, and the burnt offering of the people, and make an atonement for himself, and for the people.

25 And the fat of the sin offering shall he burn upon the altar.

26 And he that let go the goat for the scapegoat shall wash his clothes, and bathe his flesh in water, and afterward come into the camp.

27 And the bullock for the sin offering, and the goat for the sin offering, whose blood was brought in to make atonement in the holy place, shall one carry forth without the camp; and they shall burn in the fire their skins, and their flesh, and their dung.

28 And he that burneth them shall wash his clothes, and bathe his flesh in water, and afterward he shall come into the camp.

29 And this shall be a statute for ever unto you: that in the seventh month, on the tenth day of the month, ye shall afflict your souls, and do no work at all, whether it be one of your own country, or a stranger that sojourneth among you:

30 For on that day shall the priest make an atonement for you, to cleanse you, that ye may be clean from all your sins before the Lord.

31 It shall be a sabbath of rest unto you, and ye shall afflict your souls, by a statute for ever.

32 And the priest, whom he shall anoint, and whom he shall consecrate to minister in the priest's office in his father's stead, shall make the atonement, and shall put on the linen clothes, even the holy garments:

33 And he shall make an atonement for the holy sanctuary, and he shall make an atonement for the tabernacle of the congregation, and for the altar, and he shall make an atonement for the priests, and for all the people of the congregation.

34 And this shall be an everlasting statute unto you, to make an atonement for the children of Israel for all their sins once a year. And he did as the Lord commanded Moses.

The Day of Atonement

16 Now the Lord spoke to Moses after (A)the death of the two sons of Aaron, when they offered profane fire before the Lord, and died; and the Lord said to Moses: “Tell Aaron your brother (B)not to come at just any time into the Holy Place inside the veil, before the mercy seat which is on the ark, lest he die; for (C)I will appear in the cloud above the mercy seat.

[a]“Thus Aaron shall (D)come into the Holy Place: (E)with the blood of a young bull as a sin offering, and of a ram as a burnt offering. He shall put the (F)holy linen tunic and the linen trousers on his body; he shall be girded with a linen sash, and with the linen turban he shall be attired. These are holy garments. Therefore (G)he shall wash his body in water, and put them on. And he shall take from (H)the congregation of the children of Israel two kids of the goats as a sin offering, and one ram as a burnt offering.

“Aaron shall offer the bull as a sin offering, which is for himself, and (I)make atonement for himself and for his house. He shall take the two goats and present them before the Lord at the door of the tabernacle of meeting. Then Aaron shall cast lots for the two goats: one lot for the Lord and the other lot for the scapegoat. And Aaron shall bring the goat on which the Lord’s lot fell, and offer it as a sin offering. 10 But the goat on which the lot fell to be the scapegoat shall be presented alive before the Lord, to make (J)atonement upon it, and to let it go as the scapegoat into the wilderness.

11 “And Aaron shall bring the bull of the sin offering, which is for (K)himself, and make atonement for himself and for his house, and shall kill the bull as the sin offering which is for himself. 12 Then he shall take (L)a censer full of burning coals of fire from the altar before the Lord, with his hands full of (M)sweet incense beaten fine, and bring it inside the veil. 13 (N)And he shall put the incense on the fire before the Lord, that the cloud of incense may cover the (O)mercy seat that is on the Testimony, lest he (P)die. 14 (Q)He shall take some of the blood of the bull and (R)sprinkle it with his finger on the mercy seat on the east side; and before the mercy seat he shall sprinkle some of the blood with his finger seven times.

15 (S)“Then he shall kill the goat of the sin offering, which is for the people, bring its blood (T)inside the veil, do with that blood as he did with the blood of the bull, and sprinkle it on the mercy seat and before the mercy seat. 16 So he shall (U)make atonement for the Holy Place, because of the uncleanness of the children of Israel, and because of their transgressions, for all their sins; and so he shall do for the tabernacle of meeting which remains among them in the midst of their uncleanness. 17 There shall be (V)no man in the tabernacle of meeting when he goes in to make atonement in the Holy Place, until he comes out, that he may make atonement for himself, for his household, and for all the assembly of Israel. 18 And he shall go out to the altar that is before the Lord, and make atonement for (W)it, and shall take some of the blood of the bull and some of the blood of the goat, and put it on the horns of the altar all around. 19 Then he shall sprinkle some of the blood on it with his finger seven times, cleanse it, and (X)consecrate[b] it from the [c]uncleanness of the children of Israel.

20 “And when he has made an end of atoning for the Holy Place, the tabernacle of meeting, and the altar, he shall bring the live goat. 21 Aaron shall lay both his hands on the head of the live goat, (Y)confess over it all the iniquities of the children of Israel, and all their transgressions, concerning all their sins, (Z)putting them on the head of the goat, and shall send it away into the wilderness by the hand of a suitable man. 22 The goat [d]shall (AA)bear on itself all their iniquities to an [e]uninhabited land; and he shall (AB)release the goat in the wilderness.

23 “Then Aaron shall come into the tabernacle of meeting, (AC)shall take off the linen garments which he put on when he went into the Holy Place, and shall leave them there. 24 And he shall wash his body with water in a holy place, put on his garments, come out and offer his burnt offering and the burnt offering of the people, and make [f]atonement for himself and for the people. 25 (AD)The fat of the sin offering he shall burn on the altar. 26 And he who released the goat as the scapegoat shall wash his clothes (AE)and bathe his body in water, and afterward he may come into the camp. 27 (AF)The bull for the sin offering and the goat for the sin offering, whose blood was brought in to make atonement in the Holy Place, shall be carried outside the camp. And they shall burn in the fire their skins, their flesh, and their offal. 28 Then he who burns them shall wash his clothes and bathe his body in water, and afterward he may come into the camp.

29 This shall be a statute forever for you: (AG)In the seventh month, on the tenth day of the month, you shall [g]afflict your souls, and do no work at all, whether a native of your own country or a stranger who [h]dwells among you. 30 For on that day the priest shall make [i]atonement for you, to (AH)cleanse you, that you may be clean from all your sins before the Lord. 31 (AI)It is a sabbath of solemn rest for you, and you shall afflict your souls. It is a statute forever. 32 (AJ)And the priest, who is anointed and (AK)consecrated to minister as priest in his father’s place, shall make atonement, and put on the linen clothes, the holy garments; 33 then he shall make [j]atonement for [k]the Holy Sanctuary, and he shall make atonement for the tabernacle of meeting and for the altar, and he shall make atonement for the priests and for all the people of the assembly. 34 (AL)This shall be an everlasting statute for you, to make atonement for the children of Israel, for all their sins, (AM)once a year.” And he did as the Lord commanded Moses.

Footnotes

  1. Leviticus 16:3 Lit. With this
  2. Leviticus 16:19 set it apart
  3. Leviticus 16:19 impurity
  4. Leviticus 16:22 shall carry
  5. Leviticus 16:22 solitary land
  6. Leviticus 16:24 Lit. covering
  7. Leviticus 16:29 humble yourselves
  8. Leviticus 16:29 As a resident alien
  9. Leviticus 16:30 Lit. covering
  10. Leviticus 16:33 Lit. covering
  11. Leviticus 16:33 The Most Holy Place