有關聖潔生活的條例

19 耶和華對摩西說: 「你把以下條例告訴以色列全體會眾。

「你們要聖潔,因為我——你們的上帝耶和華是聖潔的。 你們每個人都必須孝敬父母,遵守我的安息日。我是你們的上帝耶和華。 不要祭拜虛無的神明,也不要為自己鑄造神像。我是你們的上帝耶和華。 你們獻平安祭給我時,要使你們所獻的蒙悅納。 要在獻祭當天或第二天吃完祭物。如果第三天還有剩餘,都要燒掉。 如果有人第三天還吃那些祭物,祭物就不潔淨,我不會悅納。 那人要自擔罪責,因為他褻瀆了我的聖物。要將他從民中剷除。

「你們收割的時候,不要割淨田角地邊的莊稼,也不要撿那些掉在田裡的穗子。 10 不要摘淨葡萄園裡的葡萄,也不要撿掉在地上的葡萄。要把這些留給窮人和寄居在你們中間的外族人。我是你們的上帝耶和華。 11 不可偷盜,不可撒謊,不可互相欺騙。 12 不可以我的名義起假誓,從而褻瀆你們上帝的名。我是耶和華。 13 不可欺壓鄰居,也不可搶奪他的東西。要當天支付雇工的工錢,不可拖到第二天。 14 不可咒罵聾子,也不可絆倒盲人,應當敬畏你們的上帝。我是耶和華。 15 不可徇私枉法,不可偏袒窮人,不可諂媚權貴之人,要秉公審判。 16 不可到處搬弄是非,不可危害鄰居的生命安全。我是耶和華。 17 對同胞不可心中懷恨。同胞有錯,要當面指正,免得自己因他而擔罪。 18 不可報復,不可埋怨同胞,要愛鄰如己。我是耶和華。

19 「你們要遵守我的律例。不可讓牲畜雜交;不可在同一塊田播撒兩種不同的種子;不可穿兩種材料織成的衣服。

20 「一個已經許配人的婢女尚未被贖或未獲自由時,如果有人與她同寢,就要受到處罰,但不可處死他們,因為那婢女還未獲自由。 21 和她同寢的人要把一隻公綿羊牽到會幕門口,作為贖過祭獻給耶和華。 22 祭司要用作贖過祭的公綿羊為那人贖罪,他的罪便得到赦免。

23 「你們到了迦南,在那裡栽種各樣果樹後,前三年不可吃樹上的果子,要視它們是不潔淨的[a] 24 第四年,樹上的所有果子都是聖潔的,要獻給耶和華作頌讚之祭。 25 第五年,你們可以吃樹上的果子。你們這樣做,果樹會為你們結出更多果子。我是你們的上帝耶和華。

26 「不可吃帶血的肉,不可占卜或行巫術。 27 不可修剪鬢角或鬍鬚。 28 不可因哀悼死人而割傷身體或紋身。我是耶和華。 29 不可辱沒自己的女兒,使她淪為娼妓,免得你們居住的地方充滿淫亂和邪惡。 30 要遵守我的安息日,敬畏我的聖所。我是耶和華。 31 不可求問靈媒或巫師,玷污自己。我是你們的上帝耶和華。

32 「在年長者面前,要恭敬站立,要敬重年長者。要敬畏你們的上帝。我是耶和華。 33 不可欺負住在你們境內的外族人, 34 要視他們如同胞,愛他們如愛自己,因為你們也曾經寄居埃及。我是你們的上帝耶和華。 35 在秤重和度量時,不可騙人。 36 要使用準確的秤、尺子和升斗。我是你們的上帝耶和華,曾帶領你們離開埃及。 37 你們要遵行我的一切律例和典章。我是耶和華。」

Footnotes

  1. 19·23 不潔淨的」希伯來文是「未受割禮的」。

Other Laws

19 The Lord said to Moses, “Tell all the ·people [L congregation/community of the sons/T children] of Israel: ‘I am the Lord your God. You must be holy because I am holy.

“‘You must ·respect [fear; revere] your mother and father [Ex. 20:12; Deut. 5:16], and you must keep my Sabbaths [Ex. 20:8–11; Deut. 5:12–15]. I am the Lord your God.

“‘Do not ·worship [L turn to] idols or make ·statues of gods [cast images] for yourselves [Ex. 20:4–6; Deut. 5:8–10]. I am the Lord your God.

“‘When you sacrifice a ·fellowship [or peace; well-being] offering [3:1] to the Lord, offer it in such a way that will be accepted. You may eat it the same day you offer it or on the next day. But if any is left on the third day, you must burn it ·up [L with fire]. If any of it is eaten on the third day, it is unclean, and it will not be accepted. Anyone who eats it then will ·be guilty of sin [bear iniquity], because he ·did not respect [profaned] the holy things that belong to the Lord. He must be cut off from the people.

“‘When you harvest your crops on your land, do not harvest all the way to the corners of your fields. If grain falls onto the ground, don’t gather it up. 10 Don’t pick all the grapes in your vineyards, and don’t pick up the grapes that fall to the ground. You must leave those things for poor people and for ·people traveling through your country [resident aliens; Deut. 24:19–22; Ruth 2]. I am the Lord your God.

11 “‘You must not steal [Ex. 20:15; Deut. 5:19]. You must not cheat people, and you must not lie to each other [Ex. 20:16; Deut. 5:20]. 12 You must not make a false promise by my name, or you will ·show that you don’t respect [L profane the name of] your God. I am the Lord.

13 “‘You must not ·cheat [L oppress] your neighbor or rob him. You must not keep a hired worker’s salary all night until morning [Deut. 24:14–15; Jer. 22:13]. 14 You must not ·curse [or belittle] a deaf person or put ·something [a stumbling block] in front of a blind person to make him fall [Deut. 27:18]. But you must ·respect [fear; Prov. 1:7] your God. I am the Lord.

15 “‘·Be fair in your judging [L Do not render perverted judgment]. You must not show ·special favor [partiality] to poor people or great people, but ·be fair when you [L with righteousness] judge your ·neighbor [countryman; James 2:1, 9]. 16 You must not spread ·false stories [slander] against other people, and you must not do anything that would ·put your neighbor’s life in danger [L stand against the blood of your neighbor]. I am the Lord.

17 “‘You must not hate your ·fellow citizen [brother] in your heart. ·If your ·neighbor [countryman] does something wrong, tell him about it [L You must reprove your brother], or you will be partly to blame. 18 ·Forget about the wrong things people do to you, and do not try to get even [You should not seek revenge or bear a grudge against any of your people]. Love your neighbor as you love yourself [Matt. 19:19; 22:39; Mark 12:31, 33; Luke 10:27]. I am the Lord.

19 “‘·Obey [Keep; Guard] my ·laws [L statutes; ordinances; requirements]. You must not ·mate [breed] two different kinds of ·cattle [animals] or sow your field with two different kinds of seed. You must not wear clothing made from two different kinds of material mixed together.

20 “‘If a man ·has sexual relations [L lies] with a slave girl ·of [L betrothed to] another man, but this slave girl has not been ·bought [ransomed] or given her freedom, there must be ·punishment [L an inquiry]. But they are not to be put to death, because the woman was not free. 21 The man must bring a ·male sheep [ram] as his ·penalty [guilt; reparation; 5:14–6:7] offering to the Lord at the entrance to the Meeting Tent. 22 The priest will offer the ·sheep [ram] as a ·penalty [guilt; reparation; 5:14–6:7] offering before the Lord for the man’s sin, ·to remove the sins of the man so he will belong to the Lord [L …and make atonement for him]. Then he will be forgiven for his sin.

23 “‘In the future, when you enter your country, you will plant many kinds of trees for food. ·After planting a tree, wait three years before using its fruit [L You should regard its fruit as uncircumcised for three years; do not eat it]. 24 In the fourth year the fruit from the tree will be the Lord’s, a holy offering of praise to him. 25 Then in the fifth year, you may eat the fruit from the tree. The tree will then produce more fruit for you. I am the Lord your God.

26 “‘You must not eat anything with the blood in it [3:17].

“‘You must not try to tell the future by signs or ·black magic [divination; Deut. 18:9–12].

27 “‘You must not cut the hair on ·the sides of your heads [your temples] or cut the edges of your beard. 28 You must not cut your body for the dead [C a pagan sign of mourning; Deut. 14:1; Jer. 16:6; 41:5] or put tattoo marks on yourselves. I am the Lord.

29 “‘Do not ·dishonor [profane] your daughter by making her become a prostitute. If you do this, the country will be ·filled [L prostituted] with all kinds of sin.

30 “‘·Obey [Keep; Guard] ·the laws about Sabbaths [L my Sabbaths], and ·respect [reverence] my ·Most Holy Place [sanctuary]. I am the Lord.

31 “‘Do not ·go [L turn] to mediums or ·fortune-tellers [wizards] ·for advice [L and do not seek them], or you will become unclean [C in a ritual sense]. I am the Lord your God.

32 “‘Show respect to old people; stand up in their presence [Prov. 16:31; 20:29]. ·Show respect also to [Fear] your God. I am the Lord.

33 “‘Do not mistreat ·foreigners living [resident aliens] in your country, 34 but treat them just as you treat your own ·citizens [natives]. Love ·foreigners [resident aliens] as you love yourselves, because you were ·foreigners [sojourners; wanderers; resident aliens; Ex. 22:21; Jer. 22:3] one time in Egypt. I am the Lord your God.

35 “‘Do not ·cheat [do injustice] when you measure the length or weight or ·amount of something [quantity; capacity; Deut. 25:13–16; Prov. 11:1; Ezek. 45:10–12]. 36 Your weights and balances should weigh ·correctly [honestly], with your weighing baskets the right size and your jars holding the right amount of liquid. I am the Lord your God. I brought you out of the land of Egypt.

37 “‘·Remember [Keep; Guard] all my ·laws [statutes; regulations; requirements] and ·rules [regulations], and obey them. I am the Lord.’”

Various Laws

19 The Lord said to Moses, “Speak to the entire assembly of Israel(A) and say to them: ‘Be holy because I, the Lord your God,(B) am holy.(C)

“‘Each of you must respect your mother and father,(D) and you must observe my Sabbaths.(E) I am the Lord your God.(F)

“‘Do not turn to idols or make metal gods for yourselves.(G) I am the Lord your God.(H)

“‘When you sacrifice a fellowship offering to the Lord, sacrifice it in such a way that it will be accepted on your behalf. It shall be eaten on the day you sacrifice it or on the next day; anything left over until the third day must be burned up.(I) If any of it is eaten on the third day, it is impure and will not be accepted.(J) Whoever eats it will be held responsible(K) because they have desecrated what is holy(L) to the Lord; they must be cut off from their people.(M)

“‘When you reap the harvest of your land, do not reap to the very edges(N) of your field or gather the gleanings of your harvest.(O) 10 Do not go over your vineyard a second time(P) or pick up the grapes that have fallen.(Q) Leave them for the poor and the foreigner.(R) I am the Lord your God.

11 “‘Do not steal.(S)

“‘Do not lie.(T)

“‘Do not deceive one another.(U)

12 “‘Do not swear falsely(V) by my name(W) and so profane(X) the name of your God. I am the Lord.

13 “‘Do not defraud or rob(Y) your neighbor.(Z)

“‘Do not hold back the wages of a hired worker(AA) overnight.(AB)

14 “‘Do not curse the deaf or put a stumbling block in front of the blind,(AC) but fear your God.(AD) I am the Lord.

15 “‘Do not pervert justice;(AE) do not show partiality(AF) to the poor or favoritism to the great,(AG) but judge your neighbor fairly.(AH)

16 “‘Do not go about spreading slander(AI) among your people.

“‘Do not do anything that endangers your neighbor’s life.(AJ) I am the Lord.

17 “‘Do not hate a fellow Israelite in your heart.(AK) Rebuke your neighbor frankly(AL) so you will not share in their guilt.

18 “‘Do not seek revenge(AM) or bear a grudge(AN) against anyone among your people,(AO) but love your neighbor(AP) as yourself.(AQ) I am the Lord.

19 “‘Keep my decrees.(AR)

“‘Do not mate different kinds of animals.

“‘Do not plant your field with two kinds of seed.(AS)

“‘Do not wear clothing woven of two kinds of material.(AT)

20 “‘If a man sleeps with a female slave who is promised to another man(AU) but who has not been ransomed or given her freedom, there must be due punishment.[a] Yet they are not to be put to death, because she had not been freed. 21 The man, however, must bring a ram to the entrance to the tent of meeting for a guilt offering to the Lord.(AV) 22 With the ram of the guilt offering the priest is to make atonement for him before the Lord for the sin he has committed, and his sin will be forgiven.(AW)

23 “‘When you enter the land and plant any kind of fruit tree, regard its fruit as forbidden.[b] For three years you are to consider it forbidden[c]; it must not be eaten. 24 In the fourth year all its fruit will be holy,(AX) an offering of praise to the Lord. 25 But in the fifth year you may eat its fruit. In this way your harvest will be increased. I am the Lord your God.

26 “‘Do not eat any meat with the blood still in it.(AY)

“‘Do not practice divination(AZ) or seek omens.(BA)

27 “‘Do not cut the hair at the sides of your head or clip off the edges of your beard.(BB)

28 “‘Do not cut(BC) your bodies for the dead or put tattoo marks on yourselves. I am the Lord.

29 “‘Do not degrade your daughter by making her a prostitute,(BD) or the land will turn to prostitution and be filled with wickedness.(BE)

30 “‘Observe my Sabbaths(BF) and have reverence for my sanctuary. I am the Lord.(BG)

31 “‘Do not turn to mediums(BH) or seek out spiritists,(BI) for you will be defiled by them. I am the Lord your God.

32 “‘Stand up in the presence of the aged, show respect(BJ) for the elderly(BK) and revere your God.(BL) I am the Lord.(BM)

33 “‘When a foreigner resides among you in your land, do not mistreat them. 34 The foreigner residing among you must be treated as your native-born.(BN) Love them as yourself,(BO) for you were foreigners(BP) in Egypt.(BQ) I am the Lord your God.

35 “‘Do not use dishonest standards when measuring length, weight or quantity.(BR) 36 Use honest scales(BS) and honest weights, an honest ephah[d](BT) and an honest hin.[e](BU) I am the Lord your God, who brought you out of Egypt.(BV)

37 “‘Keep all my decrees(BW) and all my laws(BX) and follow them. I am the Lord.’”

Footnotes

  1. Leviticus 19:20 Or be an inquiry
  2. Leviticus 19:23 Hebrew uncircumcised
  3. Leviticus 19:23 Hebrew uncircumcised
  4. Leviticus 19:36 An ephah was a dry measure having the capacity of about 3/5 of a bushel or about 22 liters.
  5. Leviticus 19:36 A hin was a liquid measure having the capacity of about 1 gallon or about 3.8 liters.