殺祭牲的條例

17 耶和華對摩西說: 「你把以下條例告訴亞倫父子們及全體以色列人。

「任何在營內或營外宰殺公牛、綿羊或山羊的以色列人, 若沒有把牲畜帶到會幕門口,在耶和華的聖幕前獻給耶和華,便是犯了流血之罪,要將他從民中剷除。 這是為促使以色列人把祭牲帶到會幕門口交給祭司,獻給耶和華作平安祭,而非在野外殺祭牲獻祭。 祭司要將祭牲的血灑在會幕門口耶和華的祭壇上,把脂肪焚燒獻給耶和華作馨香之祭。 他們不可再獻祭物給山羊神,與其苟合。這是一條永遠不變的律例,他們世世代代都要遵守。 不論是以色列人,還是寄居在以色列人中間的外族人,獻燔祭或其他祭物時, 如果有人沒把祭物帶到會幕門口獻給耶和華,要將他從民中剷除。

禁止吃血

10 「任何以色列人或寄居在以色列人中間的外族人若吃血,耶和華必嚴懲,把他從民中剷除。 11 因為生命在血中,耶和華把血賜給你們,使你們可以用血在祭壇上為自己贖罪。血可以為人的生命贖罪。 12 所以耶和華吩咐以色列人和寄居在以色列人中間的外族人不可吃血。 13 以色列人或寄居在以色列人中間的外族人如果捕到可吃的鳥或獸,必須放盡牠的血,用土掩埋, 14 因為眾生的生命都在血中。因此,耶和華吩咐以色列人不可吃任何動物的血,因為血就是生命。凡吃血的都要被剷除。 15 不論以色列人還是外族人,若吃了自然死亡或被野獸撕裂的動物,就不潔淨。他必須洗衣、沐浴,等到傍晚才能潔淨, 16 否則他要承擔罪責。」

宰殺祭牲的條例

17 耶和華對摩西說: “你要告訴亞倫和他的兒子,以及以色列人,對他們說:這是耶和華的吩咐: 以色列家的任何人,不論在營內,或在營外,宰殺公牛、綿羊或山羊, 而不牽到會幕門口,耶和華的帳幕面前,獻給耶和華作供物,流血的罪就要歸到那人身上;他既然流了牲畜的血,就必從自己的族人中被剪除。 這條例的目的是要以色列人把他們慣常在田野裡宰殺的祭牲,帶去給耶和華,到會幕門口交給祭司,好像獻給耶和華作平安祭那樣宰殺牲畜。 祭司要把血潑在會幕門口耶和華的祭壇上,把脂肪焚燒,獻給耶和華作馨香的祭。 他們不可再殺祭牲,獻給那些山羊,就是他們所隨從行邪淫的鬼神。這要作他們世世代代永遠的律例。

“你要對他們說:以色列家的任何人,或是在你們中間寄居的外人,獻燔祭或是平安祭的時候, 如果不牽到會幕門口,把牠獻給耶和華,那人就必從自己的族人中被剪除。

嚴禁吃血

10 “以色列家的任何人,或是在你們中間寄居的外人,如果吃了任何血,我必向那吃血的人變臉,把他從自己的族人中剪除。 11 因為動物的生命是在血裡,我指定這祭壇上的血代替你們的生命,因為血裡有生命,所以能代贖生命。 12 所以我對以色列人說:你們中間任何人都不可吃血,在你們中間寄居的外人也不可吃血。 13 任何以色列人,或是在你們中間寄居的外人中,有人打獵得了可以吃的禽獸,總要放盡牠的血,用泥土掩蓋。

14 “因為所有動物的生命就在牠們的血中(“因為所有動物的生命就在牠們的血中”直譯是“因為所有動物的生命就是它的血;它是在它的生命裡”;或譯:“論到所有動物的生命,它的血是在它的生命裡”),所以我對以色列人說:任何動物的血,你們都不可吃;因為所有動物的血,就是牠的生命;吃血的,必被剪除。 15 吃了自死的,或是被野獸撕裂的動物,無論是本地人或是寄居的,都要洗淨自己的衣服,用水洗澡,並且不潔淨到晚上,以後他才算潔淨。 16 但是,如果他不洗淨衣服,也不洗身,他就要擔當自己的罪責。”

Eating Blood Forbidden

17 The Lord said to Moses, “Speak to Aaron and his sons(A) and to all the Israelites and say to them: ‘This is what the Lord has commanded: Any Israelite who sacrifices an ox,[a] a lamb(B) or a goat(C) in the camp or outside of it instead of bringing it to the entrance to the tent of meeting(D) to present it as an offering to the Lord in front of the tabernacle of the Lord(E)—that person shall be considered guilty of bloodshed; they have shed blood and must be cut off from their people.(F) This is so the Israelites will bring to the Lord the sacrifices they are now making in the open fields. They must bring them to the priest, that is, to the Lord, at the entrance to the tent of meeting and sacrifice them as fellowship offerings.(G) The priest is to splash the blood against the altar(H) of the Lord(I) at the entrance to the tent of meeting and burn the fat as an aroma pleasing to the Lord.(J) They must no longer offer any of their sacrifices to the goat idols[b](K) to whom they prostitute themselves.(L) This is to be a lasting ordinance(M) for them and for the generations to come.’(N)

“Say to them: ‘Any Israelite or any foreigner residing among them who offers a burnt offering or sacrifice and does not bring it to the entrance to the tent(O) of meeting(P) to sacrifice it to the Lord(Q) must be cut off from the people of Israel.

10 “‘I will set my face against any Israelite or any foreigner residing among them who eats blood,(R) and I will cut them off from the people. 11 For the life of a creature is in the blood,(S) and I have given it to you to make atonement for yourselves on the altar; it is the blood that makes atonement for one’s life.[c](T) 12 Therefore I say to the Israelites, “None of you may eat blood, nor may any foreigner residing among you eat blood.”

13 “‘Any Israelite or any foreigner residing among you who hunts any animal or bird that may be eaten must drain out the blood and cover it with earth,(U) 14 because the life of every creature is its blood. That is why I have said to the Israelites, “You must not eat the blood of any creature, because the life of every creature is its blood; anyone who eats it must be cut off.”(V)

15 “‘Anyone, whether native-born or foreigner, who eats anything(W) found dead or torn by wild animals(X) must wash their clothes and bathe with water,(Y) and they will be ceremonially unclean till evening;(Z) then they will be clean. 16 But if they do not wash their clothes and bathe themselves, they will be held responsible.(AA)’”

Footnotes

  1. Leviticus 17:3 The Hebrew word can refer to either male or female.
  2. Leviticus 17:7 Or the demons
  3. Leviticus 17:11 Or atonement by the life in the blood

The Sanctity of Blood

17 And the Lord spoke to Moses, saying, “Speak to Aaron, to his sons, and to all the children of Israel, and say to them, ‘This is the thing which the Lord has commanded, saying: “Whatever man of the house of Israel who (A)kills an ox or lamb or goat in the camp, or who kills it outside the camp, and does not bring it to the door of the tabernacle of meeting to offer an offering to the Lord before the tabernacle of the Lord, the guilt of bloodshed shall be (B)imputed to that man. He has shed blood; and that man shall be [a]cut off from among his people, to the end that the children of Israel may bring their sacrifices (C)which they offer in the open field, that they may bring them to the Lord at the door of the tabernacle of meeting, to the priest, and offer them as peace offerings to the Lord. And the priest (D)shall sprinkle the blood on the altar of the Lord at the door of the tabernacle of meeting, and (E)burn the fat for a sweet aroma to the Lord. They shall no more offer their sacrifices (F)to [b]demons, after whom they (G)have played the harlot. This shall be a statute forever for them throughout their generations.” ’

“Also you shall say to them: ‘Whatever man of the house of Israel, or of the strangers who dwell among you, (H)who offers a burnt offering or sacrifice, and does not (I)bring it to the door of the tabernacle of meeting, to offer it to the Lord, that man shall be [c]cut off from among his people.

10 (J)‘And whatever man of the house of Israel, or of the strangers who dwell among you, who eats any blood, (K)I will set My face against that person who eats blood, and will cut him off from among his people. 11 For the (L)life of the flesh is in the blood, and I have given it to you upon the altar (M)to make atonement for your souls; for (N)it is the blood that makes atonement for the soul.’ 12 Therefore I said to the children of Israel, ‘No one among you shall eat blood, nor shall any stranger who dwells among you eat blood.’

13 “Whatever man of the children of Israel, or of the strangers who dwell among you, who (O)hunts and catches any animal or bird that may be eaten, he shall (P)pour out its blood and (Q)cover it with dust; 14 (R)for it is the life of all flesh. Its blood sustains its life. Therefore I said to the children of Israel, ‘You shall not eat the blood of any flesh, for the life of all flesh is its blood. Whoever eats it shall be cut off.’

15 (S)“And every person who eats what died naturally or what was torn by beasts, whether he is a native of your own country or a stranger, (T)he shall both wash his clothes and (U)bathe in water, and be unclean until evening. Then he shall be clean. 16 But if he does not wash them or bathe his body, then (V)he shall bear his [d]guilt.”

Footnotes

  1. Leviticus 17:4 Put to death
  2. Leviticus 17:7 Having the form of a goat or satyr
  3. Leviticus 17:9 Put to death
  4. Leviticus 17:16 iniquity