贖罪日的條例

16 亞倫的兩個兒子死在耶和華面前以後, 耶和華對摩西說:「告訴你哥哥亞倫,他不可隨意進入幔子裡面的至聖所,走到約櫃上的施恩座前,免得死亡,因為我要在施恩座之上的雲彩中顯現。 亞倫進入聖所時,要帶一隻作贖罪祭的公牛犢和一隻作燔祭的公綿羊。 他要穿上聖潔的細麻內袍、細麻褲子,束上細麻腰帶,戴上細麻禮冠。這些是聖潔的衣物,他必須沐浴後才可穿戴。 他要從以色列會眾那裡取兩隻公山羊作贖罪祭、一隻公綿羊作燔祭。 亞倫要先獻上那頭公牛犢作贖罪祭,為自己和全家贖罪。 然後,他要把兩隻公山羊帶到會幕門口,放在耶和華面前, 抽籤決定哪隻歸耶和華、哪隻歸阿撒瀉勒[a] 亞倫要獻上那隻歸耶和華的公山羊作贖罪祭, 10 要將那隻歸阿撒瀉勒的公山羊活著獻給耶和華,然後把牠放到曠野歸阿撒瀉勒,用來贖罪。

11 「亞倫要把那隻為他作贖罪祭的公牛犢牽來宰殺,為自己和全家贖罪, 12 然後拿一個香爐,盛滿從耶和華面前的祭壇上取的火炭,再拿兩把磨細的香帶進幔子裡。 13 他要在耶和華面前燒香,使香的煙籠罩約櫃上的施恩座,免得他死亡。 14 他要取一些牛血,用手指彈灑在施恩座的東面,也要在施恩座前用手指彈灑七次。 15 然後,亞倫要出去宰殺那隻為民眾作贖罪祭的公山羊,把羊血帶進幔子裡,像灑牛血一樣灑在施恩座的上面和前面。 16 因以色列人的污穢、叛逆和罪惡,他要這樣為至聖所贖罪。他也要同樣為會幕贖罪,因為會幕座落在以色列人中間,處在他們的污穢中。 17 從他進入聖所為自己全家和以色列全體會眾贖罪開始,直到他贖完罪出來為止,任何人都不可待在會幕裡。 18 之後,他要來到耶和華面前的祭壇那裡,為祭壇贖罪。他要取一些牛血和羊血,抹在祭壇的四角上, 19 用手指向祭壇灑血七次,除掉以色列人的污穢,使祭壇聖潔。

20 「他為至聖所、會幕和祭壇贖罪後,要牽來那隻活山羊, 21 把雙手放在羊頭上,承認以色列人的過犯、叛逆和罪惡,將這一切罪歸到公山羊的頭上,然後派人把牠送到曠野。 22 這隻公山羊擔當他們的一切罪,將這一切罪帶到荒無人煙的地方。

23 「亞倫要走進會幕,脫下他進至聖所時穿的細麻衣服,放在會幕裡。 24 他要在聖潔之處沐浴,穿上平時的衣服出去為自己和民眾獻燔祭,為自己和民眾贖罪。 25 他要將贖罪祭牲的脂肪焚燒在壇上。 26 把羊送交阿撒瀉勒的人要洗衣、沐浴,然後才可回到營裡。 27 作贖罪祭的公牛和公山羊的血被帶進聖所用來贖罪,要把公牛和公山羊帶到營外,用火焚燒牠們的皮、肉和糞。 28 負責焚燒的人要洗衣、沐浴,然後才可回到營裡。

29 「每年七月十日,不論是你們,還是寄居在你們中間的外族人,都要禁食,停止所有工作。這是你們要永遠遵守的律例。 30 因為在這一天要為你們贖罪,使你們在耶和華面前潔淨。 31 這天是你們的安息日,你們要禁食。這是一條永遠不變的律例。 32 那受膏、承受聖職、替代父親做大祭司的要獻祭贖罪。他要穿上聖潔的細麻衣, 33 為至聖所、會幕和祭壇贖罪,也要為祭司和全體會眾贖罪。 34 這是你們要永遠遵守的律例——每年一次為以色列人贖罪。」

於是,摩西遵行了耶和華的吩咐。

Footnotes

  1. 16·8 阿撒瀉勒」是希伯來文的音譯,意義不確定。

The Day of Atonement

16 Now the Lord spoke to Moses after (A)the death of the two sons of Aaron, when they offered profane fire before the Lord, and died; and the Lord said to Moses: “Tell Aaron your brother (B)not to come at just any time into the Holy Place inside the veil, before the mercy seat which is on the ark, lest he die; for (C)I will appear in the cloud above the mercy seat.

[a]“Thus Aaron shall (D)come into the Holy Place: (E)with the blood of a young bull as a sin offering, and of a ram as a burnt offering. He shall put the (F)holy linen tunic and the linen trousers on his body; he shall be girded with a linen sash, and with the linen turban he shall be attired. These are holy garments. Therefore (G)he shall wash his body in water, and put them on. And he shall take from (H)the congregation of the children of Israel two kids of the goats as a sin offering, and one ram as a burnt offering.

“Aaron shall offer the bull as a sin offering, which is for himself, and (I)make atonement for himself and for his house. He shall take the two goats and present them before the Lord at the door of the tabernacle of meeting. Then Aaron shall cast lots for the two goats: one lot for the Lord and the other lot for the scapegoat. And Aaron shall bring the goat on which the Lord’s lot fell, and offer it as a sin offering. 10 But the goat on which the lot fell to be the scapegoat shall be presented alive before the Lord, to make (J)atonement upon it, and to let it go as the scapegoat into the wilderness.

11 “And Aaron shall bring the bull of the sin offering, which is for (K)himself, and make atonement for himself and for his house, and shall kill the bull as the sin offering which is for himself. 12 Then he shall take (L)a censer full of burning coals of fire from the altar before the Lord, with his hands full of (M)sweet incense beaten fine, and bring it inside the veil. 13 (N)And he shall put the incense on the fire before the Lord, that the cloud of incense may cover the (O)mercy seat that is on the Testimony, lest he (P)die. 14 (Q)He shall take some of the blood of the bull and (R)sprinkle it with his finger on the mercy seat on the east side; and before the mercy seat he shall sprinkle some of the blood with his finger seven times.

15 (S)“Then he shall kill the goat of the sin offering, which is for the people, bring its blood (T)inside the veil, do with that blood as he did with the blood of the bull, and sprinkle it on the mercy seat and before the mercy seat. 16 So he shall (U)make atonement for the Holy Place, because of the uncleanness of the children of Israel, and because of their transgressions, for all their sins; and so he shall do for the tabernacle of meeting which remains among them in the midst of their uncleanness. 17 There shall be (V)no man in the tabernacle of meeting when he goes in to make atonement in the Holy Place, until he comes out, that he may make atonement for himself, for his household, and for all the assembly of Israel. 18 And he shall go out to the altar that is before the Lord, and make atonement for (W)it, and shall take some of the blood of the bull and some of the blood of the goat, and put it on the horns of the altar all around. 19 Then he shall sprinkle some of the blood on it with his finger seven times, cleanse it, and (X)consecrate[b] it from the [c]uncleanness of the children of Israel.

20 “And when he has made an end of atoning for the Holy Place, the tabernacle of meeting, and the altar, he shall bring the live goat. 21 Aaron shall lay both his hands on the head of the live goat, (Y)confess over it all the iniquities of the children of Israel, and all their transgressions, concerning all their sins, (Z)putting them on the head of the goat, and shall send it away into the wilderness by the hand of a suitable man. 22 The goat [d]shall (AA)bear on itself all their iniquities to an [e]uninhabited land; and he shall (AB)release the goat in the wilderness.

23 “Then Aaron shall come into the tabernacle of meeting, (AC)shall take off the linen garments which he put on when he went into the Holy Place, and shall leave them there. 24 And he shall wash his body with water in a holy place, put on his garments, come out and offer his burnt offering and the burnt offering of the people, and make [f]atonement for himself and for the people. 25 (AD)The fat of the sin offering he shall burn on the altar. 26 And he who released the goat as the scapegoat shall wash his clothes (AE)and bathe his body in water, and afterward he may come into the camp. 27 (AF)The bull for the sin offering and the goat for the sin offering, whose blood was brought in to make atonement in the Holy Place, shall be carried outside the camp. And they shall burn in the fire their skins, their flesh, and their offal. 28 Then he who burns them shall wash his clothes and bathe his body in water, and afterward he may come into the camp.

29 This shall be a statute forever for you: (AG)In the seventh month, on the tenth day of the month, you shall [g]afflict your souls, and do no work at all, whether a native of your own country or a stranger who [h]dwells among you. 30 For on that day the priest shall make [i]atonement for you, to (AH)cleanse you, that you may be clean from all your sins before the Lord. 31 (AI)It is a sabbath of solemn rest for you, and you shall afflict your souls. It is a statute forever. 32 (AJ)And the priest, who is anointed and (AK)consecrated to minister as priest in his father’s place, shall make atonement, and put on the linen clothes, the holy garments; 33 then he shall make [j]atonement for [k]the Holy Sanctuary, and he shall make atonement for the tabernacle of meeting and for the altar, and he shall make atonement for the priests and for all the people of the assembly. 34 (AL)This shall be an everlasting statute for you, to make atonement for the children of Israel, for all their sins, (AM)once a year.” And he did as the Lord commanded Moses.

Footnotes

  1. Leviticus 16:3 Lit. With this
  2. Leviticus 16:19 set it apart
  3. Leviticus 16:19 impurity
  4. Leviticus 16:22 shall carry
  5. Leviticus 16:22 solitary land
  6. Leviticus 16:24 Lit. covering
  7. Leviticus 16:29 humble yourselves
  8. Leviticus 16:29 As a resident alien
  9. Leviticus 16:30 Lit. covering
  10. Leviticus 16:33 Lit. covering
  11. Leviticus 16:33 The Most Holy Place

The Day of Atonement

16 Then[a] Yahweh spoke to Moses after the death of Aaron’s two sons, when they had come near before[b] Yahweh and they died. And Yahweh said to Moses, “Tell[c] your brother Aaron that he should not enter at any time into the sanctuary behind[d] the curtain in front of[e] the atonement cover that is on the ark, so that he might not die, because I appear in the cloud over the atonement cover.

“Aaron must enter the sanctuary with this: a young bull[f] as a sin offering and a ram as a burnt offering. He must put on a holy linen tunic,[g] and linen undergarments must be on his body, and he must fasten himself[h] with a linen sash, and he must wrap a linen turban around his head[i]—they are holy garments, and he shall wash his body with water, then[j] he shall put them on. And he must take from the Israelites[k] community two he-goats as a sin offering and one ram as a burnt offering.

“And Aaron shall present the sin offering’s bull, which is for himself, and so he shall make atonement for himself and for his family. And he shall take the two goats, and he shall present them before[l] Yahweh at the tent of assembly’s entrance. Then[m] Aaron shall cast lots for the two goats: one lot for Yahweh and one for Azazel. And Aaron shall present the goat on which the lot for Yahweh fell, and he shall sacrifice[n] it as a sin offering. 10 But[o] he must present alive before[p] Yahweh the goat on which the lot for Azazel fell to make atonement for himself, to send it away into the desert to Azazel.

11 “And Aaron shall present the sin offering’s bull, which is for himself, and so he shall make atonement for himself and for his family; then[q] he shall slaughter the sin offering’s bull, which is for himself. 12 And he shall take a[r] censer full of burning charcoal[s] from upon the altar from before[t] Yahweh and two handfuls[u] of incense of powdered fragrant perfumes, and he shall bring it from behind[v] the curtain, 13 and he shall put the incense on the fire before[w] Yahweh so that the cloud of incense might cover the atonement cover, which is on the covenant text,[x] so that he might not die. 14 And he shall take some of[y] the bull’s blood, and he shall spatter it[z] with his finger on the atonement cover’s surface on the eastern side, and before[aa] the atonement cover he shall spatter some of[ab] the blood with his finger seven times.

15 “And he shall slaughter the sin offering’s goat, which is for the people, and he shall bring its blood from behind[ac] the curtain, and he shall do with its blood as that which he did with[ad] the bull’s blood, and he shall spatter it on the atonement cover and before[ae] the atonement cover. 16 Thus[af] he shall make atonement for the sanctuary from the Israelites[ag] impurities and from their transgressions for all their sins; and so he must do for the tent of assembly, which dwells with them in the midst of their impurities. 17 And no person[ah] shall be in the tent of assembly when he enters to make atonement in the sanctuary until he comes out, and so he shall make atonement for himself and for his family and for all of Israel’s assembly.

18 “Then[ai] he shall go out to the altar that is before[aj] Yahweh, and he shall make atonement for it; and he shall take some of[ak] the bull’s blood and some of[al] the goat’s blood, and he shall put it[am] all around on the altar’s horns. 19 And he shall spatter some of[an] the blood on it seven times with his finger, and he shall cleanse it and consecrate[ao] it from the Israelites[ap] impurities.

20 “And he shall finish making atonement for the sanctuary and the tent of assembly and the altar; then[aq] he shall present the living goat. 21 And Aaron shall place his two hands on the living goat’s head, and he shall confess over it all the Israelites[ar] iniquities and all their transgressions for all their sins, and he shall put them on the goat’s head, and he shall send it[as] away into the desert with[at] a man standing ready.[au] 22 Thus[av] the goat shall bear on it to a barren region[aw] all their guilt, and he shall send the goat away into the desert.

23 “And Aaron shall enter the tent of assembly, and he shall take off the linen garments that he put on at his coming to the sanctuary, and he shall leave them there. 24 And he shall wash his body with water in a holy place, and he shall put on his garments and go out and sacrifice[ax] his burnt offering and the people’s burnt offering, and so he shall make atonement for himself and for people. 25 And he must turn into smoke the sin offering’s fat on the altar.

26 “And the person who sends out the goat for Azazel shall wash his garments, and he shall wash his body with water, and afterward[ay] he shall come to the camp. 27 And the sin offering’s bull and the sin offering’s goat, whose blood was brought to make atonement in the sanctuary, shall be brought outside the camp,[az] and they shall burn their hide and their flesh and their offal in the fire. 28 And the person who burns them shall wash his garments, and he shall wash his body with water, and afterward[ba] he must come to the camp.

29 “And this shall be a lasting statute[bb] for you: in the seventh month, on the tenth of the month, you must deny yourselves and you must not do any work, whether the native or[bc] the alien who is dwelling in your midst, 30 because on this day he shall make atonement for you to cleanse you; you must be clean from all your sins before[bd] Yahweh. 31 It is a Sabbath of complete rest[be] for you, and you shall deny yourselves—it is a lasting statute.[bf] 32 And the priest who is anointed and who is ordained[bg] to serve as a priest in place of his father shall make atonement; thus[bh] he shall put on the linen garments, the holy garments, 33 and he shall make atonement for the sanctuary’s holy place, and he shall make atonement for the tent of assembly and the altar, and he shall make atonement for the priests and for all of the assembly’s people. 34 And this shall be a lasting statute[bi] for you to make atonement for the Israelites[bj] one time in a year from all their sins.”

Footnotes

  1. Leviticus 16:1 Or “And”
  2. Leviticus 16:1 Literally “before faces of”
  3. Leviticus 16:2 Or “Speak to”
  4. Leviticus 16:2 Literally “from the interior/inside to”
  5. Leviticus 16:2 Literally “to the faces of”
  6. Leviticus 16:3 Literally “a bull a son of cattle”
  7. Leviticus 16:4 Literally “a tunic of linen of holiness”
  8. Leviticus 16:4 The direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
  9. Leviticus 16:4 Supplied from context in the English translation
  10. Leviticus 16:4 Or “and”
  11. Leviticus 16:5 Literally “sons/children of Israel”
  12. Leviticus 16:7 Literally “to the faces of”
  13. Leviticus 16:8 Or “And”
  14. Leviticus 16:9 Literally “do” or “make”
  15. Leviticus 16:10 Or “And”
  16. Leviticus 16:10 Literally “to the faces of”
  17. Leviticus 16:11 Or “and”
  18. Leviticus 16:12 Hebrew “the”
  19. Leviticus 16:12 Literally “burning charcoal of fire”
  20. Leviticus 16:12 Literally “to the faces of”
  21. Leviticus 16:12 Literally “the fullness of the hollow of his hands”
  22. Leviticus 16:12 Literally “from the interior/inside of”
  23. Leviticus 16:13 Literally “to the faces of”
  24. Leviticus 16:13 Literally “testimony”
  25. Leviticus 16:14 Literally “from”
  26. Leviticus 16:14 The direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
  27. Leviticus 16:14 Literally “to the faces of”
  28. Leviticus 16:14 Literally “from”
  29. Leviticus 16:15 Literally “from the interior/inside of”
  30. Leviticus 16:15 Hebrew “to”
  31. Leviticus 16:15 Literally “to the faces of”
  32. Leviticus 16:16 Or “And”
  33. Leviticus 16:16 Literally “sons/children of Israel”
  34. Leviticus 16:17 Literally “any man not”
  35. Leviticus 16:18 Or “And”
  36. Leviticus 16:18 Literally “to the faces of”
  37. Leviticus 16:18 Literally “from”
  38. Leviticus 16:18 Literally “from”
  39. Leviticus 16:18 The direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
  40. Leviticus 16:19 Literally “from”
  41. Leviticus 16:19 Literally “he shall consecrate”
  42. Leviticus 16:19 Literally “of the sons/children of Israel”
  43. Leviticus 16:20 Or “and”
  44. Leviticus 16:21 Literally “of the sons/of the children of Israel”
  45. Leviticus 16:21 The direct object is supplied from context in the English translation
  46. Leviticus 16:21 Literally “by the hand of”
  47. Leviticus 16:21 Or “at hand”
  48. Leviticus 16:22 Or “And”
  49. Leviticus 16:22 Literally “a land of separation” or “a land of infertility”
  50. Leviticus 16:24 Literally “he shall do” or “he shall make”
  51. Leviticus 16:26 Literally “after thus”
  52. Leviticus 16:27 Literally “to from an outside place of the camp”
  53. Leviticus 16:28 Literally “after thus”
  54. Leviticus 16:29 Literally “a statute of eternity” or “a statute of long duration”
  55. Leviticus 16:29 Or “and”
  56. Leviticus 16:30 Literally “to the faces of”
  57. Leviticus 16:31 Literally “a Sabbath of ‘Sabbathation.’” “Sabbathation” is not a real word, but it is devised as an attempt to convey the sounds of the related nouns in the Hebrew phrase
  58. Leviticus 16:31 Literally “a statute of eternity” or “a statute of long duration”
  59. Leviticus 16:32 Literally “filled his hand”
  60. Leviticus 16:32 Or “and”
  61. Leviticus 16:34 Literally “a statute of eternity” or “a statute of long duration”
  62. Leviticus 16:34 Literally “sons/children of Israel”